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Arborist || Certification || Test || Prep || questions || with || accurate ||
detailed || answers
site || of || rapid || cell || division || in || the || shoot || tips, || root || tips, || and || cambium: || - || ✔✔meristems meristems || located || at || the || end || of || the || shoots || are || called || primary, || or || _________________ || meristems ||
- || ✔✔apical the || tendency || for || terminal || buds || to || inhibit || the || growth || of || lateral || buds || is || called || ________________ || - || ✔✔apical || dominance the || food || factories || of || trees || are || the || ______________ || - || ✔✔leaves the || process || of || ______________ || combines || carbon || dioxide || and || water || in || a || reaction || driven || by || light || to || produce || sugars...also || produces || oxygen || - || ✔✔photosynthesis the || green || color || of || leaves || is || created || by || the || presence || of || _____________, || which || is || necessary || for || photosynth || to || take || place || - || ✔✔chlorophyll the || loss || of || water || vapor || from || leaves || - || ✔✔transpiration the || opening || and || closing || of || _____________ || allow || for || gas || exchange || - || ✔✔stomata transpiration || is || controlled || by || ___________ || - || ✔✔guard || cells water || and || dissolved || essential || minerals || are || transported || within || the || tree || in || the || ______________ || - || ✔✔xylem
carbohydrates || are || conducted || through || the || tree || in || the || ____________ || - || ✔✔phloem the || ____________ || is || a || layer || of || meristematic || cells || located || between || the || phloem || and || xylem || - || ✔✔cambium the || _____________ || _______________ || is || formed || when || trunk || tissue || grows || around || branch || tissues. || - || ✔✔branch || collar as || branch || and || trunk || tissues || expand || against || each || other || int || he || branch || union, || the || ______________ || _______________ || _____________is || formed || - || ✔✔branch || bark || ridge ______________ || protects || the || branches || and || trunk || of || a || tree || from || mechanical || injury || and || desiccation || - || ✔✔bark water || enters || young || roots || or || mycorrhizal || roots || in || part, || by || a || process || called || _____________ || - || ✔✔osmosis the || orientation || of || growth || in || response || to || an || external || stimulus || is || called || ______________ || - || ✔✔tropism CODIT || stands || for || _____________ || - || ✔✔compartmentalization || od || decay || in || trees trees || with || upright || growth || and || strong || central || leader || are || ______________ || - || ✔✔excurrent trees || with || rounded, || broader || multi-leader || growth || habit || are || ______________ || - || ✔✔decurrent roots || and || fungi || form || _____________ || - || ✔✔mycorrhizae
a || ___________________ || is || a || cultivated || variety || - || ✔✔cultivar when || two || leaves || and/or || buds || are || located || at || the || same || node || on || a || twig, || the || arrangement || is || called || ________________ || - || ✔✔opposite the || majority || of || absorbing || roots || are || in || the || _____ || _____ || horizons || - || ✔✔O,A driving || on || wet || soil || will || _____ || the || soil || and || destroy || soil || ______ || _____ || - || ✔✔compact, || pore || space _____ || _____ || is || the || soil || property || that || resists || change || to || the || pH || - || ✔✔buffering || capacity T/F- || negatively || charged || clay || particles || hold || cations || near || the || surface || - || ✔✔True in || 1 || foot || of || clay || soil || with || 4 || inches || of || water || would || in || the || soil || approximately || how || many || inches || of || water || would || be || available || to || the || tree || - || ✔✔ 1 T/F- || soil || can || hold || water || so || tightly || in || micropores || that || the || ability || of || tree || roots || to || absorb || the || water || is || restricted || - || ✔✔true which || is || most || fine? || sand, || silt, || or || clay || - || ✔✔clay which || is || most || coarse? || sand || silt || or || clay || - || ✔✔sand T/F- || over || time || mulching || can || improve || soil || structure, || reduce || compaction, || and || add || organic || matter || to || soil || - || ✔✔true
A || pH || of || 5 || is || ____ || times || more || acidic || than || a || pH || of || 7 || - || ✔✔ 100 the || process || in || which || ions || of || essential || elements || wash || down || through || the || soil || profile || and || are || lost || is || called || _____ || - || ✔✔leaching many || essential || elements || are || dissolved || in || soil || water || in || the || form || of || positively || charged || particles || called || ______ || - || ✔✔cations if || soil || is || too || _____ || , || iron || and || manganese || may || be || in || a || chemical || form || that || is || unavailable || to || trees || - || ✔✔alkaline clay || soils || and || soils || high || in || organic || matter || usually || have || a || _____ || buffering || capacity || - || ✔✔high the || ________ || zone || is || the || zone || of || intense || biological || activity || near || the || actively || elongating || roots || - || ✔✔rhizosphere the || diversity || of || living || organisms || moving || and || interacting || in || the || soil || is || called || the || ___ || ____ || ____ || - || ✔✔soil || food || web water || that || drains || from || the || macropores || is || called || ____ || _____ || - || ✔✔gravitational || water following || drainage, || soil || is || said || to || be || at || _____ || ______ || - || ✔✔field || capacity T/F- || most || soil || organisms || cause || decay || or || disease || in || roots || - || ✔✔false because || pruning || removes || leaves || and || reduces || the || overall || photosynthetic || capacity || of || a || tree, || it || also || reduces || ____ || - || ✔✔growth
when || practical, || temporary || low || branches || should || be || left || on || a || young || tree || to || help || develop || trunk || ________ || - || ✔✔taper ______ || ______ || is || the || removal || of || dead, || dying, || and || weak || branches || from || a || tree || - || ✔✔crown || cleaning _______ || includes || crown || cleaning || as || well || as || selective || removal || of || branches || to || increase || light || penetration || as || well || as || air || movement || - || ✔✔thinning caution || must || be || taken || to || not || create || ______ || _______ || , || which || is || caused || by || excessive || removal || of || inner || laterals || and || foliage || - || ✔✔lion || tailing _______ || is || best || accomplished || by || cutting || limbs || back || to || laterals || that || are || large || enough || to || sustain || the || rest || of || the || branch || and || assume || terminal || role || - || ✔✔reduction pruning || when || trees || are || ______ || can || minimize || the || risk || of || pest || problems || associated || with || wound || entry || and || allow || trees || to || take || advantage || of || the || full || growing || season || - || ✔✔dormant T/F- || wound || dressing || prevent || decay || - || ✔✔false _______ || _______ || ______ || are || substances, || usually || effective || in || small || quantities, || which || enhance || or || alter || growth || and || development || of || a || plant || - || ✔✔plant || growth || regulators T/F- || all || communications || wires || and || cables || shall || be || considered || to || be || energized || with || potentially || fatal || voltages || and || shall || never || be || touched || directly || or || indirectly || - || ✔✔true T/F- || OSHA || regulates || industrial || safety || and || health || ins || sues || the || united || states || - || ✔✔true
the || safety || standard || for || tree || care || operations || in || the || US || is || the || ________ || ________ || - || ✔✔ANSI || Z T/F- || head || protection || is || only || required || when || climbers || are || in || trees || - || ✔✔false T/F- || eye || protection || is || not || required || for || tree || work || - || ✔✔false T/F- || hearing || protection || may || be || in || the || form || of || ear || plugs || or || muffs || - || ✔✔true T/F- || workers || must || not || wear || gauntlet || style || gloves || while || chipping || - || ✔✔true if || a || climber || warns || "stand || clear" || he || or || she || must || not || proceed || until || hearing || this || acknowledgment || - || ✔✔all || clear each || job || should || begin || with || a || _____ || ______ || - || ✔✔job || briefing the || ______ || _______ || system || ensures || that || warning || signals || are || heard, || acknowledged || and || acted || on || - || ✔✔command || and || response all || workers || should || receive || some || training || in || ______ || _______ || procedures || including || CPR, || first || aid, || and || AR || - || ✔✔emergency || response T/F- || any || tree || worker || working || in || proximity || to || electrical || conductors || must || receive || training || in || electrical || hazards || - || ✔✔true T/F- || electrical || conductor || is || defined || as || any || overhead || or || underground || electric || device || including || wires || and || cables, || power || lines || and || other || such || - || ✔✔true
a || condition || that || often || follows || accidents || in || which || the || victim || may || experience || a || weak || and || rapid || pulse || shallow || breathing || and || cool || clammy || skin || is || known || as || ________ || - || ✔✔shock if || a || victim || is || not || breathing || it || is || necessary || to || perform || ____ || ___ || - || ✔✔artificial || respiratory by || definition, || if || there || is || no || _____ || a || tree || cannot || pose || a || risk || - || ✔✔target when || performing || a || tree || assessment || ist || is || important || to || develop || and || stick || to || a || ________ || process || - || ✔✔systematic _______ || _______ || fungi || primarily || decay || the || lignin || within || and || between || cell || walls || in || the || wood || - || ✔✔white || rot trees || often || produce || ______ || ________ || providing || more || stability || to || compensate || for || lean || - || ✔✔reaction || wood brown || rot || fungi || primarily || decay || the || _____, || leaving || behind || the || stiff || lignin || and || thereby || reducing || the || bending || strength || of || the || tree || - || ✔✔cellulose decay || located || in || the || lower || trunk || of || a || tree || - || ✔✔basal || rot if || decay || is || suspected || at || the || root || flare || or || in || the || major || support || roots, || a || root || collar || _______ || may || be || necessary || to || ascertain || the || extent || - || ✔✔excavation _________ || is || the || term || given || to || the || process || of || reducing || the || risk || potential || short || of || removing || the || tree || - || ✔✔mitigation
T/F- || filling || cavities || may || do || more || harm || than || good || - || ✔✔true the || gauge || against || which || acts || by || an || arborist || are || judged || as || either || reasonable || or || negligent || is || the || ______ || ______ || ________ || - || ✔✔standard || of || care T/F- || individuals || may || not || escape || liability || for || damages || resulting || from || a || fallen || tree || or || branch || if || the || defect || that || caused || the || failure || was || known || of || or || should || have || been || known || - || ✔✔true ____ || is || the || ability || of || a || tree || to || withstand || low || temps || and || winter || stress || in || a || given || site || - || ✔✔hardiness _____ || ______ || modifies || the || effects || of || soil || texture || as || the || soil || particles || form || clumps, || or || aggregates || - || ✔✔soil || structure upright, || pyramidal, || and || weeping || are || 3 || examples || of || tree || ____ || ____ || that || are || important || in || selection || - || ✔✔growth || habits if || a || particular || disease || is || known || to || be || a || problem, || a || tree || species || or || cultivar || should || be || selected || that || is || ____ || to || that || disease || - || ✔✔resistant ____ || is || the || gradual || process || by || which || a || tree || adapts || to || changes || in || its || environment || - || ✔✔acclimation T/F- || a || tree || listed || as || adaptable || to || wet || soil || conditions || will || always || thrive || if || planted || in || those || conditions || - || ✔✔false T/F- || although || a || tree || may || be || considered || hardy || in || a || given || area, || it || may || decline || or || die || if || the || roots || are || unprotected || - || ✔✔true
T/F- || most || of || the || new || roots || generated || after || planting || will || grow || horizontally || and || near || the || soil || surface || - || ✔✔true T/F- || staking || of || newly || planted || trees || is || not || always || necessary || - || ✔✔true T/F- || the || material || used || to || attach || a || tree || to || the || stake || should || be || broad, || smooth, || and || flexible || - || ✔✔true warm || soil || temps || and || adequate || soil || ____ || are || the || optimal || conditions || for || new || root || growth || - || ✔✔moisture T/F- || in || general || palms || are || easy || to || transplant || - || ✔✔true transplant || shock || is || mainly || due || to || ____ || stress || from || the || greatly || reduced || root || system || - || ✔✔water if || fertilizer || is || applied || at || planting, || it || should || be || a || ____ || ____ || type || to || avoid || buildup || in || the || root || zone || - || ✔✔slow || release T/F- || there || is || no || advantage || to || pruning || one-third || of || the || tree || crown || at || the || time || of || planting || - || ✔✔true the || most || important || maintenance || factor || in || the || survival || of || a || newly || planted || tree || is || proper || ____ || - || ✔✔watering when || transplanting || palms, || the || fronds || are || often || tied || up || to || protect || the || solitary || - || ✔✔bud T/F- || tree || roots || may || suffocate || if || the || tree || receives || too || much || water || after || planting || - || ✔✔true
T/F- || information || about || a || tree's || history || and || symptoms || gained || from || a || homeowner || can || always || be || considered || accurate || - || ✔✔false if || a || tree || is || not || well || suited || for || the || site || in || which || it || has || been || planted, || it || may || become || ____ || , || predisposing || it || to || other || problems || - || ✔✔stressed a || common || mistake || in || diagnosis || is || to || carefully || examine || the || aboveground || portion || of || the || tree, || while || ignoring || the || ____ || - || ✔✔roots the || 3 || ways || trees || are || sold || at || nurseries || - || ✔✔bare || root, || balled || and || bur || lapped, || & || container || grown leaf || scorch, || girdling || roots, || and || mineral || deficiencies || are || examples || of || ____ || disorders || - || ✔✔abiotic insect || damage || to || trees || is || usually || the || result || of || feeding || or || ____ || ____ || - || ✔✔egg || laying T/F- || if || a || tree || declines || or || dies || within || the || first || year || following || installation, || a || likely || cause || is || excess || or || insufficient || water || - || ✔✔true insects || that || carry || plant || pathogens || are || said || to || be || ____ || - || ✔✔vectors microscopic || worms || that || sometimes || feed || on || trees || and || may || carry || diseases || are || called || ____ || - || ✔✔nematodes T/F- || mites || are || not || actually || insects || - || ✔✔true
T/F- || researchers || have || observed || that || rapidly || growing || trees || are || sometimes || less || resistant || to || certain || insects || and || disease || - || ✔✔true trees || produce || ____ || such || as || tannins || and || phenols || that || have || toxic || or || deterrent || effects || on || certain || insects || - || ✔✔allelochemicals ____ || ____ || ____ || is || a || systematic || approach || to || insect || and || disease || mgmt || that || incorporates || a || combination || of || techniques || including || resistant || plants || as || well || as || cultural, || and || chemical || control || tactics || - || ✔✔integrated || pest || management ____ || is || the || process || of || observing, || identifying, || recording, || and || analyzing || what || happens || in || the || landscape || - || ✔✔monitoring when || possible, || arborists || should || select || trees || that || are || ____ || to || known || insects || or || diseases || - || ✔✔resistant T/F- || a || simple || degree-day || model || uses || an || established || threshold || temperature || and || the || daily || average || temps || to || predict || pest || development || stages || - || ✔✔true extensive || plantings || of || the || same || species, || known || as || ____ || , || can || have || catastrophic || consequences || if || an || uncontrollable || problem || is || introduced || - || ✔✔monocultures T/F- || pesticides || often || kill || the || targeted || pest || within || minutes || or || hours || of || application || - || ✔✔true ____ || ____ || are || organisms || that || are || frequently || encountered || in || landscapes, || predictably || cause || injury || to || landscape || plants, || and || may || include || particularly || noxious || pests || in || the || area || - || ✔✔key || pests
____ || pesticides || are || taken || up || by || the || plant || and || translocated || throughout || the || branches || and || into || the || leaves || - || ✔✔systemic T/F- || the || use || of || multiple || pesticides || with || different || active || ingredients || or || modes || of || action || in || a || rotation || system || will || increase || the || incidence || of || pesticide || resistance || - || ✔✔false T/F- || insceticidal || soaps || disrupt || the || cell || membranes || of || soft || bodied || insects || - || ✔✔true ____ || ____ || occurs || when || the || pest || population || rapidly || rebounds || in || the || absence || of || natural || enemies || - || ✔✔pest || resurgence ____ || ____ || ____ || are || synthetic || compounds || that || act || like || insect || hormones || - || ✔✔insect || growth || regulators ____ || ____ || are || derived || from || certain || bacterial || pathogens || of || insects || - || ✔✔microbial || pesticides T/F- || horticultural || oil || applications || are || always || safe || to || use || on || trees || in || leaf || because || they || have || phytotoxic || properties || - || ✔✔false one || advantage || of || ____ || ____ || is || that || its || both || strong || and || flexible. || a || potential || drawback || is || the || attachment || limitations || - || ✔✔aircraft || cable as || a || general || rule, || cables || should || be || installed || ____-____ || the || distance || from || the || weak || branch || union || to || the || top || of || the || tree, || as || long || as || the || wood || is || solid || and || large || enough || to || install || the || hardware || - || ✔✔2/ limbs || may || be || brought || closer || together || while || installing || the || cable, || so || that || when || released, || the || cable || will || be || just || ____ || - || ✔✔taut
a || phenomenon || in || which || lightning || travels || down || the || stem || for || a || distance || and || then || leaves || the || tree, || "jumping" || to || a || more || conductive || tree, || structure, || person, || or || animal || is || called || ____ || ____ || - || ✔✔side || flash the || main || conductor || of || a || lightning || protection || system || is || a || cable || made || of || ____ || - || ✔✔copper if || a || tree || has || a || crown || radius || smaller || than || ____ || feet, || only || one || conductor || is || required || - || ✔✔ 35 || feet one || advantage || of || the || amon || eye || system || over || an || eye || bolt || is || ____________________ || - || ✔✔the || length || can || be || adjusted the || purpose || of || a || lightning || protection || system || is || to || ____________________________________ || - || ✔✔conduct || the || charge || away || from || tree ____ || ____ || is || the || mgmt || of || naturally || occurring || and || planted || trees || and || associated || plants || in || urban || areas || - || ✔✔urban || forestry arboriculture || focuses || on || the || ____ || ; || urban || forestry || focuses || on || the || ____ || , || or || larger || populations || of || trees || in || urban || areas || - || ✔✔tree, || forest T/F- || the || leaves || and || branches || of || trees || catch || and || slow || rainwater || and || can || reduce || soil || erosion || and || water || waste || from || runoff || - || ✔✔true ____ || ____ || occurs || when || trees || take || up || carbon || from || CO2 || in || the || atmosphere || and || "store" || it || in || the || form || of || wood || and || other || carbon-based || tissues || - || ✔✔carbon || sequestration
a || software || suite || of || mgmt || tools || that || can, || among || other || functions, || calculate || collective || cost- benefit || analyses || for || populations || of || trees || based || on || inventories || is || called || ____ || - || ✔✔i-Tree ____is || the || ability || to || maintain || ecological, || social, || and || economic || benefits || over || time || - || ✔✔sustainability a || ____ || ____ || policy || statement || should || set || our || the || policies || for || identifying, || assessing, || reporting, || and || mitigating || risks || - || ✔✔risk || management ____ || ____ || are || legal || regulations || drafted || and || instituted || to || protect || freest || within || a || given || jurisdiction || - || ✔✔tree || ordinances approval || for || a || tree || work || ____ || might || be || conditional || upon || establishing || certain || work || procedures || and || clearances, || requiring || that || all || applicable || standards || and || BMPs || are || followed, || and || requiring || monitoring || by || a || qualified || arborist || - || ✔✔permit a || ____ || ____ || ____ || is || a || legal || regulation, || established || by || the || local || authority, || that || protects || a || tree, || or || multiple || trees || - || ✔✔tree || protection || order T/F- || even || where || standards || do || not || carry || direct || legislative || authority, || they || may || be || recognized || in || a || court || of || law || - || ✔✔true urban || foresters || should || establish || detailed || ____ || for || all || tree || work || including || planting, || pruning, || fertilizing, || pest || control || and || monitoring, || installation || of || support || or || protection || systems, || construction || near || trees, || and || removals || - || ✔✔specifications managing || large || populations || of || trees || under || the || common || urban || pressures || and || financial || restraints || of || a || municipality || requires || a || strong, || well || thought || out || ____ || ____ || - || ✔✔management || plan
