Archaeology, history, developments | Exercises Archeology

Essentials of Archaeology:

Definition of Archaeology:

It is the study of ancient cultures and the study of passed civilizations by discovering and study of

utensils, listing and catalogue of old artifacts, study of monuments through the use of other sciences

as biology data science and the use of modern technology as ultraviolet scanning, photography and

fine science as chemistry. Remote sensing; geospatial topography crisscross investigation multiple

data catalogue by using different methodologies to get a data.

Stratigraphy = analyse more in the subject matter.

Technology for archaeologists: advanced x-ray as beta x-rays1 can help for example the

investigation of ink and how the ink is composed as for example:

Methods of Research Tools available to Archaeologists:

https://www.thoughtco.com/archaeological-dating-stratigraphy-and-seriation-167119

https://www.docsity.com/en/search/documents/?q=%20archaeology

https://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/archaeology/archaeology2.htm

Giuseppe Fiorelli Italian Archaeologist

- Papyrus2 ink and the like

- For example to make a similitude the Saint Catherine Monastery in Mount Sinai, monks

used special ultraviolet technical equipment eventually discovering new written

documents. However evidence shows that this technology in aid of modern

archaeologist may be dangerous for either the researcher and the piece of material

under examination.

- Multispectral technology to identify texts behind the given written pamphlets. (study

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Essentials of Archaeology: Definition of Archaeology: It is the study of ancient cultures and the study of passed civilizations by discovering and study of utensils, listing and catalogue of old artifacts, study of monuments through the use of other sciences as biology data science and the use of modern technology as ultraviolet scanning, photography and fine science as chemistry. Remote sensing; geospatial topography crisscross investigation multiple data catalogue by using different methodologies to get a data. Stratigraphy = analyse more in the subject matter.  Technology for archaeologists: advanced x-ray as beta x-rays^1 can help for example the investigation of ink and how the ink is composed as for example:  Methods of Research Tools available to Archaeologists:  https://www.thoughtco.com/archaeological-dating-stratigraphy-and-seriation-  https://www.docsity.com/en/search/documents/?q=%20archaeology  https://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/earth/archaeology/archaeology2.htm Giuseppe Fiorelli Italian Archaeologist

Papyrus^2 ink and the like
For example to make a similitude the Saint Catherine Monastery in Mount Sinai, monks used special ultraviolet technical equipment eventually discovering new written documents. However evidence shows that this technology in aid of modern archaeologist may be dangerous for either the researcher and the piece of material under examination.
Multispectral technology to identify texts behind the given written pamphlets. (study more on this subject.
Heliopolis, Aton god of the Sun. Heliopolis was one of the greatest cities of Egypt.
A cultural and religious city until the coming of Akhaton who introduced a monotheistic cult of Aton>Ra was believed to be the God of creation.
All Kings referred to Ra’s deity to impersonate the desire to be considered as god by the Egyptian people.  Mandible’s sediments of food, through chemical analysis.  DNA tests of rests of blood which deteriorates through time.  Fossils Civilization Nubia as a Civilization before Egypt eventually as evidence shows conquered by Egypt. (^1) There are three different kind of radiological rays, alfa, beta and gamma, for medical purposes and scientific experiments. The less dangerous for human beings are the alfa rays since they are not capable to perforate a standard piece of paper. On the other hand beta and gamma rays perforate steel and cement sediments. (^2) Papyrus , piece of paper in which Egyptians wrote only now we are able to encode them.

 Nubia as a civilization existed long time before the Egyptians, however they were conquered eventually by the Egyptians. Evidence shows that excavations discovered the existence of sediments of a civilization in North and Southern Sudan, and that Africa’s culture was influenced by the King of Nubia. Nubia was conquered eventually by the Egyptians in 1200 BC. However Nubian citizen were defended by other Southern African *strategic asset for the new rulers.

In the tombs rests of bodies were positioned as a resting body surrounded by artifacts made of gold manufacture.
Nub means gold in Egyptian, the Egyptians used to import Gold from Nubia A brief history of Egypt : very important. Contrary to what the majority of people thinks, Ancient Egypt celebrated life rather than death. Movie and cinema filmmakers depict the mummification of nobles in Egypt however contrary to this, in reality Egypt celebrated life, as evidence shows they used to believe in the Hall of Truth, a paradise. Eventually Egypt was unified from North to South Egypt under one rule, under one Kingdom round about 3100 BC. Everyone recalls the exceptional discovery in the 1920s by the British Lord Cornavron and Howard Carter of Tutankhamun tomb and from that moment on also cinematography industries started to concentrate on Egyptology or the study of Egyptian dynasties for television purposes. Associated with the discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun there is the legend that anyone associated with the excavation and technical study of the tomb itself would die of a mysterious death, often called as the curse King Tut or the curse of Tutankamen Mesoth was an historian of Egypt. It is possible to make DNA testing on parenthood of mummy and sometime are reliable sometime not. 9.99 percent of comparison between the blood of Tutankhamun and Nefertiti believed according to findings to be his mother. Nefertiti (c. 1370 – c. 1330 BC) was a queen of the 18th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt, the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Akhenaten. Nefertiti and her husband were known for a religious revolution, in which they worshipped one god only, Aten, or the sun disc. Moses and the story from a noble Egyptian who become to a Jewish slave and the struggle of Moses eventually depicted by the Holy Bible against the Egyptians to free the Jewish from slavery in order to conduce the Jewish towards the Promise Land. Recently some Egyptologist and chemists and physicians discovered that the Egyptians used a special ink to write papyrus: lead. The scientists used advanced X-ray microscopy equipment to analyze the chemical composition of the ink markings found on papyrus fragments from Egypt’s ancient Tebtunis temple library. The study suggests that as early as A.D. 100, the ancient Egyptians added lead to the ink to help it to dry. The lead is not thought to have been used as a pigment because only one type of lead was detected in the inks. It had been previously thought that this technique was first employed by Renaissance painters in the fifteenth century. Egyptologist Thomas Christiansen of the University of Copenhagen said that the priests in charge of the temple library probably acquired such complex ink from specialists or oversaw its production at a specialized workshop. To read about imaging technology

Archaeology, history, developments, Exercises of Archeology

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