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Learning and Python Basics Microcredential
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Question 1. Which Python data type is immutable? A) list B) dict C) tuple D) set Answer: C Explanation: Tuples cannot be altered after creation, unlike lists, dicts, and sets. Question 2. In NumPy, which function creates an array of zeros? A) np.empty() B) np.ones() C) np.arange() D) np.zeros() Answer: D Explanation: np.zeros(shape) returns a new array filled with zeros. Question 3. What does the pandas .head() method return? A) Last five rows B) First five rows C) All rows with missing values D) Column names only
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Answer: B Explanation: .head() displays the first five rows by default. Question 4. Which Matplotlib function is used to display a plot? A) plt.show() B) plt.plot() C) plt.draw() D) plt.render() Answer: A Explanation: plt.show() renders the figure window. Question 5. In supervised learning, the target variable is also called the _____. A) feature B) label C) cluster D) epoch Answer: B Explanation: Labels are the known outputs used for training. Question 6. Which metric is appropriate for evaluating a regression model? A) Accuracy
Learning and Python Basics Microcredential
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Explanation: Compute Instances provide Jupyter notebooks and VS Code for developers. Question 9. In Azure ML Designer, which module splits data into training and test sets? A) Join Data B) Clean Missing Data C) Split Data D) Convert to CSV Answer: C Explanation: Split Data divides a dataset based on a specified ratio. Question 10. AutoML in Azure ML primarily automates which steps? A) Data storage only B) Model selection, hyperparameter tuning, and feature engineering C) GPU provisioning only D) Network security configuration Answer: B Explanation: AutoML searches algorithms, tunes parameters, and creates features automatically. Question 11. Which Python keyword defines a function?
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A) def B) func C) lambda D) class Answer: A Explanation: def introduces a new function definition. Question 12. What does the pandas .iloc[] accessor use for indexing? A) Labels B) Boolean masks C) Integer positions D) Column names Answer: C Explanation: .iloc[] selects rows/columns by integer location. Question 13. In NumPy, the operation a + b where a and b are arrays is called: A) Looping B) Vectorization C) Broadcasting D) Indexing Answer: B
Learning and Python Basics Microcredential
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C) Model underutilizes available features D) Model runs faster than expected Answer: B Explanation: Overfitting occurs when a model captures random fluctuations. Question 17. In Python, which statement correctly creates a dictionary? A) d = [‘key’:1] B) d = {‘key’:1} C) d = (‘key’,1) D) d = ‘key’: Answer: B Explanation: Curly braces with key‑value pairs define a dict. Question 18. Which pandas method removes rows with any missing values? A) dropna() B) fillna() C) replace() D) isnull() Answer: A Explanation: dropna() discards rows (or columns) containing NaNs. Question 19. What is the purpose of a confusion matrix?
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A) Show regression residuals B) Visualize class prediction counts (TP, FP, FN, TN) C) Plot feature importance D) Display data distribution Answer: B Explanation: Confusion matrix tabulates true vs. predicted class counts. Question 20. Which Azure ML component stores large data files for reuse? A) Model Registry B) Datastore C) Compute Cluster D) Pipeline Answer: B Explanation: Datastores reference Azure Blob, ADLS, etc., for data storage. Question 21. In Python, the expression x is y checks for: A) Equality of values B) Same object identity C) Type compatibility D) Length similarity Answer: B Explanation: is tests whether both variables point to the same object.
Learning and Python Basics Microcredential
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D) Azure DevOps Answer: B Explanation: Model Registry tracks model artifacts and versions. Question 25. In Python, which loop guarantees at least one execution? A) for B) while C) do‑while (not native) D) None – Python has no do‑while loop Answer: D Explanation: Python lacks a built‑in do‑while; all loops may skip execution. Question 26. Which pandas function merges two DataFrames on a key column? A) concat() B) join() C) merge() D) append() Answer: C Explanation: merge() performs SQL‑style joins using specified keys. Question 27. What does the term “feature engineering” refer to?
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A) Training the model B) Deploying the model as a service C) Creating or transforming input variables to improve model performance D) Evaluating model accuracy Answer: C Explanation: Feature engineering designs useful predictors from raw data. Question 28. Which Azure ML tool provides a drag‑and‑drop interface? A) Azure CLI B) Azure ML Designer C) Azure Portal Dashboard D) Azure Synapse Studio Answer: B Explanation: Designer lets users build pipelines visually. Question 29. In Python, which statement creates a set with elements 1,2,3? A) s = {1,2,3} B) s = [1,2,3] C) s = (1,2,3) D) s = <1,2,3> Answer: A Explanation: Curly braces without key‑value pairs define a set.
Learning and Python Basics Microcredential
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D) Scikit‑learn Answer: B Explanation: pandas.Series is a one‑dimensional labeled array. Question 33. In NumPy, which attribute returns the number of dimensions of an array? A) .size B) .shape C) .ndim D) .dtype Answer: C Explanation: .ndim gives the array’s rank (number of axes). Question 34. Which Azure ML compute type scales automatically based on workload? A) Compute Instance B) Azure Function C) Compute Cluster D) Virtual Machine Scale Set Answer: C Explanation: Compute Clusters add or remove nodes as needed.
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Question 35. Which Python statement correctly handles exceptions? A) try: … except Exception as e: … B) catch: … finally: … C) if error: … else: … D) error: … handle: … Answer: A Explanation: try/except catches raised exceptions. Question 36. Which metric is insensitive to class imbalance? A) Accuracy B) Precision C) Recall D) ROC‑AUC Answer: D Explanation: ROC‑AUC evaluates ranking ability across thresholds, less affected by imbalance. Question 37. In pandas, which method converts a column to datetime type? A) to_date() B) astype(datetime) C) pd.to_datetime() D) parse_date()
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C) AgglomerativeClustering D) DBSCAN Answer: B Explanation: KMeans clusters data into a predefined number of groups. Question 41. In Azure ML, what is a “Pipeline” used for? A) Storing raw files B) Defining a sequence of steps for data prep, training, and deployment C) Monitoring GPU usage D) Managing user permissions Answer: B Explanation: Pipelines orchestrate reproducible end‑to‑end ML workflows. Question 42. Which pandas function reads a CSV file into a DataFrame? A) pd.load_csv() B) pd.read_csv() C) pd.import_csv() D) pd.open_csv() Answer: B Explanation: read_csv() parses CSV data into a DataFrame. Question 43. Which Python operator tests membership in a list?
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A) in B) is C) == D) contains Answer: A Explanation: x in list returns True if x exists in the list. Question 44. Which Azure service provides large‑scale training with GPU clusters? A) Azure ML Compute Cluster with GPU VM size B) Azure App Service C) Azure Logic Apps D) Azure Storage Answer: A Explanation: GPU‑enabled compute clusters accelerate deep‑learning workloads. Question 45. What does the term “bias” refer to in a machine‑learning model? A) Random error from noise B) Systematic error that causes predictions to deviate from true values C) Model’s inability to learn D) Overly complex architecture
Learning and Python Basics Microcredential
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Question 48. Which Python statement is used to import only the mean function from NumPy? A) import numpy.mean B) from numpy import mean C) import mean from numpy D) using numpy.mean Answer: B Explanation: from numpy import mean imports the specific function. Question 49. Which metric is appropriate for imbalanced binary classification when false positives are costly? A) Accuracy B) Precision C) Recall D) R‑squared Answer: B Explanation: Precision emphasizes minimizing false positives. Question 50. What does the Azure ML “Model Registry” enable? A) Real‑time inference only B) Storing, versioning, and managing lifecycle of models C) Data cleaning operations
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D) Automatic scaling of compute Answer: B Explanation: Registry centralizes model artifacts and their versions. Question 51. Which pandas method returns unique values of a Series? A) unique() B) distinct() C) nunique() D) set() Answer: A Explanation: Series.unique() returns the array of distinct values. Question 52. In Python, the expression lambda x: x*2 creates a: A) Named function B) List comprehension C) Anonymous (lambda) function D) Generator object Answer: C Explanation: lambda defines an inline anonymous function. Question 53. Which Azure AI service provides speech‑to‑text capabilities? A) Azure Cognitive Services – Speech
