Web Architecture and ASP.NET: Evolution and Technologies, Slides of Computer Programming

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The Web Architecture

and ASP.NET

Review of the Web (1)

 It began with HTTP and HTML, which delivers

static Web pages to browsers which would

render those pages

Browser HTTP Request Web Server

HTTP Response (Web page)

Review of the Web (3)

 Server-side applications were created to

execute code and dynamically generate Web

pages based on a particular request

Browser Web Server HTTP Request

HTTP Response (Web page / code)

Client code (script)

Interpret request

Generate HTML and script

Review of the Web (4)

 And now we have AJAX / JSON making partial

page requests

Browser

Web Server

HTTP Request

HTTP Response (Web page / code)

Client code (script)

Interpret request

Generate HTML and script

Execute AJAX Request

And all the Related

Technologies

 jQuery – yes it works with ASP

 AJAX – ASP has some interesting AJAX

libraries

 We can (AND WILL) write our own handlers for

those AJAX requests

 Silverlight is a well-used client side framework

part of RIA (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-

us/library/ee707344(v=vs.91).aspx)

 Azure?

Current Client Technologies

 And what browser (and version) do you

use?

 Scripting details vary from browser to browser

 DOM objects can vary a bit too

 HTML5 and CSS3 support varies

ASP.NET (History)

 Introduced with the .NET Framework in 2002  It made Web development look like traditional Windows development  ASP.NET 2.0 introduced in 2005 gave developers enhanced database tools  This included desktop improvements too  MVC was introduced / much more later  ASP.NET 3.0 released with 2008

ASP.NET (History)

 ASP.NET 4 released with Visual Studio 2010 and version 4 of the Framework  Razor was introduced along with ASP.NET Web pages  Web pages and Web Forms are different

 There is an open-source movement (We will

see how this pans out)

 Support for HTML 5 and CSS 3 is well-

underway

What is a .NET Application (1)?

 It looks and works surprisingly like Java  Source code (VB, C#, etc.) is compiled into a machine independent assembly language ( MSIL or IL )  The executable file is called an assembly  IL can be disassembled using the IL Disassembler ( ILDASM )

What is a .NET Application (2)?

 MSIL is translated into native executable code via the Just-in-Time (JIT) compiler  It’s possible to precompile an application using the Native Image Generator (Ngen)  All .NET applications run under the control of the Common Language Runtime (CLR)  We call this managed code

The ASP.NET Runtime

 When IIS sees an .aspx file, it loads

aspnet_isapi.dll to create the Page object

 Application behavior is controlled by

configuration files

 Machine.config is the global machine

configuration file

 Web.config allows you to override default

configuration items

 Both are XML documents

Programming ASP.NET

 Conceptually it’s much like the VB

programming you are used to

 You create procedures in event handlers and

general procedures

 You declare variables

 Instead of a form, the primary user interface

is the WebForm

ASP.NET Web Forms

 Provides server-side tools for site navigation  Menus, Drill-down toolbars, breadcrumbs, etc.  Authentication tools  Database connections  Client and server executable code  State management and caching  Authentication and role management  Deployment tools  Robust development tools (Visual Studio)

ASP.NET Web Forms

(Introduction)

Client (browser)

HTTP

Server (IIS)

ASP Worker

Process request

Generate client page (HTML)

request

response