Download Web Development Technologies and Online Website Builders vs Custom Built Sites and more Assignments Information Technology in PDF only on Docsity!
ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET
Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title 13 : Website Design & Development Submission date 26/2/20 24 Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Truong Van Diep Student ID BH Class SE06203 Assessor name Luong Thi Minh Hue Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice. Student’s signature Diep Grading grid P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 M3 D
Summative Feedback: Resubmission Feedback:
Grade: Assessor Signature: Date: Signature & Date:
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. CONTENT
- IDENTIFY THE PURPOSE AND TYPES OF DNS, INCLUDING EXPLANATIONS ON HOW DOMAIN NAMES ARE ORGANISED AND MANAGED (P1)......
- Website.
- How the website works?
- Domain Name System
- SERVER SOFTWARE WITH REGARDS TO DESIGNING, PUBLISHING AND ACCESSING A WEBSITE (P2) EXPLAIN THE PURPOSE AND RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS, SERVER HARDWARE, OPERATING SYSTEMS AND WEB
- Web communication protocols
- Server hardware...........................................................................................................................................................................................
- Operating systems
- Web server software....................................................................................................................................................................................
- designing, publishing and accessing a website. 5. Relationship between communication protocols, server hardware, operating systems and web server software with regards to
- RELATE TO PRESENTATION AND APPLICATION LAYERS (P3) DISCUSS THE CAPABILITIES AND RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FRONT-END AND BACK-END WEBSITE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPLAIN HOW THESE
- 1 , Front-end technologies
- 2.Back-end technologies
- Explain how these relate to presentation layer and application layers.
- PERFORMANCE, FUNCTIONALITY, USER EXPERIENCE (UX) AND USER INTERFACE (UI) (P4)................................................................................... DISCUSS THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ONLINE WEBSITE CREATION TOOLS AND CUSTOM BUILT SITES WITH REGARDS TO DESIGN FLEXIBILITY,
- Some of tool to create online website
- Discuss the difference between online website builders and custom built websites
- 3 Definition of UX and UI
- FUNCTIONALITY AND MANAGEMENT M1 EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF COMMON WEB DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGIES AND FRAMEWORKS WITH REGARDS TO WEBSITE DESIGN,
- The role of frameworks in website design and development
- 2 Advantages and disadvantages of back-end , front-end Framework
- 3 Suitable framework for the scenario
- SITE’S INDEX VALUE AND RANK THROUGH SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMISATION. M2 REVIEW THE INFLUENCE OF SEARCH ENGINES ON WEBSITE PERFORMANCE AND PROVIDE EVIDENCE-BASED SUPPORT FOR IMPROVING A
- 2 Role of SEO
- The influence of search engines on website performance
- 1 .Tools:
- 2 Techniques:
- D1 JUSTIFY THE TECHNIQUES, MANAGEMENT SERVICES, TOOLS AND SOFTWARE CHOSEN TO REALISE A CUSTOM BUILT WEBSITE.
- III. Conclusion
- IV. References
- Figure 1: Website Table of Figures
- Figure 2: Domain Name System
- Figure 3: How does DNS work......................................................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 4: RAM...............................................................................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 5: Main Board....................................................................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 6: CPU
- Figure 7: OS
- Figure 8: Example of how to use HTML
- Figure 9: Example of how to use CSS
- Figure 10: Example of how to use CSS
- Figure 11: Example of how to use CSS
- Figure 12: Example of how to use CSS
- Figure 13: Example of how to use JavaScript...............................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 14: Example of how to use JavaScript...............................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 15: Example of how to use PHP
- Figure 16: OSI Model....................................................................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 17:Front-end Frameworks
- Figure 18: Back-end Frameworks:
- Figure 19:SEO
- Figure 20: SEO
II. CONTENT
IDENTIFY THE PURPOSE AND TYPES OF DNS, INCLUDING EXPLANATIONS ON HOW DOMAIN NAMES ARE
ORGANISED AND MANAGED (P1)
1. Website. A website is a collection of many web pages, and web pages are digital files that are written using HTML(HyperText Markup Language). To make your website available to every person in the world, it must be stored or hosted on a computer connected t o the Internet round a clock. Such computers are known as a Web Server. Figure 1 : Website
The website’s web pages are linked with hyperlinks and hypertext and share a common interface and design. The website might also contain some additional documents and files such as images, videos, or other digital assets. With the Internet invading every sphere, we see websites for all kinds of causes and purposes. So, we can also say that a web site can also be thought of as a digital environment capable of delivering information and solutions and promoting interaction between people, places, and things to support the goals of the organization it was created for. Components of a Website: We know that a website is a collection of a webpages hosted on a web-server. These are the components for making a website.
- Webhost: Hosting is the location where the website is physically located. Group of webpages (linked webpages) licensed to be called a website only when the webpage is hosted on the webserver. The webserver is a set of files transmitted to user computers when they specify the website’s address..
- Address: Address of a website also known as the URL of a website. When a user wants to open a website then they need to put the address or URL of the website into the web browser, and the asked website is delivered by the webserver.
- Homepage : Home page is a very common and important part of a webpage. It is the first webpage that appears when a visitor visits the website. The home page of a website is very important as it sets the look and feel of the website and directs viewers to the rest of the pages on the website.
- Design : It is the final and overall look and feel of the website that has a result of proper use and integration elements like navigation menus, graphics, layout, navigation menus etc.
- Content : Every web pages contained on the website together make up the content of the website. Good content on the webpages makes the website more effective and attractive.
- The Navigation Structure: The navigation structure of a website is the order of the pages, the collection of what links to what. Usually, it is held together by at least one navigation menu. How to access Websites? When we type a certain URL in a browser search bar, the browser requests the page from the Web server and the Web server returns the required web page and its content to the browser. Now, it differs from how the server returns the information required in the case of static and dynamic websites. Types of Website:
- DNS : Domain Name System is like an address book for websites. When you type a web address in your browser, the browser looks at the DNS to find the website's IP address before it can retrieve the website.
- HTTP : Hypertext Transfer Protocol is an application protocol that defines a language for clients and servers to speak to each other.
- Component Files : A website is made up of many different files, which are like the different parts of the goods you buy from the shop. These files come in two main types: Code files (websites are built mainly from HTML, CSS, and JavaScript) and Assets (images, music, videos, Word documents, and PDFs). This process happens every time you visit a website. It might seem complex, but technologies have hugely advanced and there are a lot of website creators that allow you to build functional and professional-looking websites without much or any technical knowledge. 3. Domain Name System a, What is domain name? Domain Name A domain name is a unique web address that can be acquired through domain registration. It consists of a name and an extension, such as .com, .net, or .org. Domain names are used to identify services provided through the Internet, such as websites, email services, and more b, How the domain names are organised and managed? Domain names are organized in specialized databases. These databases are part of the worldwide system of domain registrars. The mapping of IP names corresponding to human-readable hostnames is done via DNS (Domain Name System). The domain names are a combination of second-level domains and top-level domains. The second-level domain is the human-readable hostname of the domain. The other type Top-level domains are categorized into three types of top-level domains: gTLD, ccTLD and nGTLD. gTLD (Generic Top-Level Domain) : o A gTLD stands for Generic Top-Level Domain. o These domains are international and not tied to any specific country or region. o Examples of gTLDs include .com , .net , .org , .biz , .edu, .gov and .info. o They serve a global audience and are commonly used for various purposes.
ccTLD (Country Code Top-Level Domain) : o A ccTLD stands for Country Code Top-Level Domain. o These domains are associated with specific countries, sovereign states, or dependent territories. o Each ccTLD identifier consists of two letters representing the country code (e.g., .jp for Japan, .cn for China, .uk for the United Kingdom, .vn for Vietnam). o ccTLDs are subject to requirements determined by each country’s domain name regulation corporation. o For instance, the .us (United States), .jp (Japan), .ca (Canada), and .de (Germany) domains have specific rules or local- presence requirements. New gTLD (New Generic Top-Level Domain) : o New gTLDs are additional top-level domains introduced in recent years. o Examples include .xyz , .top , .red , and .help. o These provide more options beyond the traditional gTLDs. In summary, gTLDs are global, while ccTLDs are tied to specific countries or regions. New gTLDs expand the domain name landscape even further! Domain names are registered via The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ICANN. So, the management of these domains’ rests with the ICANN. It deals with assigning IP addresses. iNET Systems offer a place to buy your favorite domains. With iNET, you can boost your business with industry-leading services at reasonable prices. If you wish to have a domain registered or sell an unused business domain? Feel free to contact an iNET expert today. (Anon., 2021)
Types of DNS: All DNS servers fall into one of four categories:
- Recursive Resolvers : These servers, also known as DNS recursors, act as the middleman between a client (like your web browser) and a DNS nameserver. They receive DNS queries, find the corresponding IP addresses, and return these to the client.
- Root Nameservers : These are the first stop in a DNS query. They direct the recursive resolver to a TLD nameserver based on the extension of the domain (like .com, .net, etc.).
- TLD Nameservers : These servers maintain information for all domain names that share a common domain extension, such as .com or .net.
- Authoritative Nameservers : These servers hold the DNS records for specific domain names. They provide the final IP address response in a DNS query.
e, How does DNS work The working of DNS starts with converting a hostname into an IP Address. A domain name serves as a distinctive identification for a website. It is used in place of an IP address to make it simpler for consumers to visit websites. Domain Name System works by executing the database whose work is to store the name of hosts which are available on the Internet. The top-level domain server stores address information for top-level domains such as .com and .net, .org, and so on. If the Client sends the request, then the DNS resolver sends a request to DNS Server to fetch the IP Address. In case, when it does not contain that particular IP Address with a hostname, it forwards the request to another DNS Server. When IP Address has arrived at the resolver, it completes the request over Internet Protocol. For more, you can refer to Working of DNS Server.
(Anon., 2023)
- HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP): HTTP is the most widely used web communications protocol. It is a classic “client-server” protocol where the browser sends a request over the internet to a web server that houses the site the user requested. The server sends back the content of the site, such as text and images, which display in users’ web browsers.
- File Transfer Protocol (FTP): FTP is primarily used to transfer files such as documents, images, music, etc., between remote computers. Users have to log on to an FTP server either through a command line interface or through one of the many FTP graphical client programs available.
- Telnet: Telnet is one of the oldest communication protocols. Like HTTP, a Telnet client is used to access remote servers. However, unlike HTTP, where you only request specific files, Telnet is used to actually log on to the remote server and perform functions as if you were sitting in front of the server terminal.
- Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS): HTTPS is similar to HTTP, but different in that it combines with a security protocol called SSL/TLS to provide secure client-server communications over unsecure networks such as the internet.
- Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP): TCP/IP is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet.
- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): SMTP is an internet standard for email transmission across IP networks.
- Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP): PPP is a data link protocol used to establish a direct connection between two nodes.
- Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP): SFTP is a network protocol that provides file access, file transfer, and file management functionalities over any reliable data stream. Each protocol has its own set of rules and standards that must be followed for successful communication. The degree to which users can interact with the information depends on the protocol. (Anon., n.d.) 2. Server hardware In computing, a server is a piece of computer hardware or software that provides functionality for other programs or devices, called “clients”. This architecture is called the client–server model. Designating a computer as “server-class hardware” implies that it is specialized for running servers on it. This often implies that it is more powerful and reliable than standard personal computers, but alternatively, large computing clusters may be composed of many relatively simple, replaceable server components.
Server hardware is the backbone of all that is accomplished in today’s computing world. It hosts our websites, stores our data, manages our emails, runs our Cloud services, protects our networks, and more. Different server computers are used for different tasks. Whether a server is storing media files accessible over a home network, or used for enterprise database management, knowing which type of server system best suits your home or business network saves money when it comes time to buy a server. Typical servers are database servers, file servers, mail servers, print servers, web servers, game servers, and application servers. A single server can serve multiple clients, and a single client can use multiple servers. (Anon., n.d.) RAM (Random Access Memory): RAM is a type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly; that is, any byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes. RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and other devices, such as printers. Figure 4 : RAM Main Board (also known as Motherboard): The main board or motherboard is the main circuit board in a complex electronic system, like a computer. It is the most 'central' part of a computer. All other components and peripherals plug into it, and the job of the motherboard is to relay information between them all.
Figure 7 : OS Operating System lies in the category of system software. It basically manages all the resources of the computer. An operating system acts as an interface between the software and different parts of the computer or the computer hardware. The operating system is designed in such a way that it can manage the overall resources and operations of the computer. Operating System is a fully integrated set of specialized programs that handle all the operations of the computer. It controls and monitors the execution of all other programs that reside in the computer, which also includes application programs and other system software of the computer. Examples of Operating Systems are Windows, Linux, Mac OS, Android , IOS ,etc. Windows:
- Description: Windows is a family of operating systems developed by Microsoft. It is one of the most widely used operating systems for personal computers, laptops, and desktops. Different versions of Windows include Windows 95, Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 10.
- Key Features: Graphical user interface (GUI), multitasking, file management, support for a wide range of software applications.
Linux:
- Description: Linux is an open-source and Unix-like operating system kernel that serves as the foundation for various Linux distributions or distros. These distributions, such as Ubuntu, Fedora, and CentOS, combine the Linux kernel with system software and libraries to create complete operating systems.
- Key Features: Open-source, multi-user, multitasking, stability, security, and a vast range of available distributions for different purposes. macOS:
- Description: macOS is the operating system developed by Apple Inc. specifically for their line of Macintosh computers. It is a Unix-based operating system that incorporates a graphical user interface and is known for its user-friendly design.
- Key Features: Sleek user interface, Unix-based, stability, security, integration with other Apple devices and services. Android:
- Description: Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google. It is based on the Linux kernel and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. Android is widely used across a variety of devices from different manufacturers.
- Key Features: Open-source, customizable user interface, support for a vast number of applications via Google Play Store, seamless integration with Google services. iOS:
- Description: iOS is the mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for their mobile devices, including iPhones, iPads, and iPod Touch. It is known for its closed ecosystem, where applications are distributed through the Apple App Store.
- Key Features: Closed ecosystem, user-friendly interface, security, seamless integration with other Apple devices and services. These operating systems cater to different platforms and user preferences, offering various features and functionalities tailored to specific devices and use cases.
