Assignment 3 Problems - Geometric Structure | MATH 548, Assignments of Mathematics

Material Type: Assignment; Class: GEOMETRIC STRUCTURE; Subject: Mathematics; University: University of Washington - Seattle; Term: Winter 2008;

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Math 548 Geometric Structur es Winter 2008
Assignment #3 (CORRECTED)
Due March 19, 2008
For full credit, do any seven of the fol lowing problems.
1. Suppose Mis a smooth manifold and EMis a smooth (real or complex) vector bundle. Prove that
there is a vector bundle E0Msuch that EE0is trivial.
2. Determine classifying spaces for the cyclic groups Zand Z/hni.
3. Suppose GVBand G0V0B0are principal bundles.
(a) Show that the Cartesian product bundle G×G0V×V0B×B0is a principal G×G0-bundle.
(b) If both Vand V0are universal, show that the Cartesian product bundle V×V0is also universal.
(c) Using the fact that every finitely generated abelian group is a direct sum of cyclic groups, deter-
mine a classifying space for each finitely generated abelian group.
4. Recall that a fiber bundle VBis said to be n-universal if every bundle with the same group and
fiber over a CW complex (or manifold) of dimension at most nis isomorphic to a pullback of V. I
showed in class that RP2is 1-universal for real line bundles, and CP1is 2-universal for complex line
bundles. Given a bundle EMover a manifold or CW complex of dimension at most n, we extend
the notion of classifying map for Eto include a map from Minto the base of an n-universal bundle
Vthat pulls Vback to E.
(a) Show that the map f:S1RP2given by
f(e) = cos θ
2,sin θ
2,0
is a classifying map for the obius bundle. (Be sure to verify that it is well-defined and continu-
ous.)
(b) Let UCP1denote the tautological complex line bundle over CP1. For k > 0, show that the
map pk:CP1CP1given by
pk[z, w] = [zk, w k]
is a classifying map for Uk=U...U; and that
pk[z, w] = [ ¯zk,¯wk]
is a classifying map for Uk.
5. Given a topological space Xand a basepoint x0X, define π0(X, x0) to be the set of path components
of X, considered as a pointed set with the path component containing x0as its distinguished point.
(In general, this set does not have a group structure.)
(a) Given a fiber bundle FEB, show that there is a map :π1(B , b0)π0(F, f0) such that
the homotopy sequence of the bundle extends to an exact sequence
...π1(E , e0)π1(B, b0)π0(F, f0)π0(E, e0)π0(B, b0) {0},
where exactness is interpreted to mean that the image of each map is equal to the preimage of
the basepoint under the next map.
(b) If π:EBis a fiber bundle with path connected fiber, show that the induced homomorphism
π:π1(E, e0)π1(B, b0) is surjective.
1
pf2

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Math 548 Geometric Structures Winter 2008 Assignment #3 (CORRECTED) Due March 19, 2008

For full credit, do any seven of the following problems.

  1. Suppose M is a smooth manifold and E → M is a smooth (real or complex) vector bundle. Prove that there is a vector bundle E′^ → M such that E ⊕ E′^ is trivial.
  2. Determine classifying spaces for the cyclic groups Z and Z/〈n〉.
  3. Suppose G → V → B and G′^ → V ′^ → B′^ are principal bundles.

(a) Show that the Cartesian product bundle G × G′^ → V × V ′^ → B × B′^ is a principal G × G′-bundle. (b) If both V and V ′^ are universal, show that the Cartesian product bundle V × V ′^ is also universal. (c) Using the fact that every finitely generated abelian group is a direct sum of cyclic groups, deter- mine a classifying space for each finitely generated abelian group.

  1. Recall that a fiber bundle V → B is said to be n-universal if every bundle with the same group and fiber over a CW complex (or manifold) of dimension at most n is isomorphic to a pullback of V. I showed in class that RP^2 is 1-universal for real line bundles, and CP^1 is 2-universal for complex line bundles. Given a bundle E → M over a manifold or CW complex of dimension at most n, we extend the notion of classifying map for E to include a map from M into the base of an n-universal bundle V that pulls V back to E.

(a) Show that the map f : S^1 → RP^2 given by

f(eiθ^ ) =

[

cos θ 2

, sin θ 2

]

is a classifying map for the M¨obius bundle. (Be sure to verify that it is well-defined and continu- ous.) (b) Let U → CP^1 denote the tautological complex line bundle over CP^1. For k > 0, show that the map pk : CP^1 → CP^1 given by pk [z, w] = [zk^ , wk] is a classifying map for U k^ = U ⊗... ⊗ U ; and that

p−k [z, w] = [¯zk^ , w¯k]

is a classifying map for U k .

  1. Given a topological space X and a basepoint x 0 ∈ X, define π 0 (X, x 0 ) to be the set of path components of X, considered as a pointed set with the path component containing x 0 as its distinguished point. (In general, this set does not have a group structure.)

(a) Given a fiber bundle F → E → B, show that there is a map ∂ : π 1 (B, b 0 ) → π 0 (F, f 0 ) such that the homotopy sequence of the bundle extends to an exact sequence

... → π 1 (E, e 0 ) → π 1 (B, b 0 ) → π 0 (F, f 0 ) → π 0 (E, e 0 ) → π 0 (B, b 0 ) → { 0 },

where exactness is interpreted to mean that the image of each map is equal to the preimage of the basepoint under the next map. (b) If π : E → B is a fiber bundle with path connected fiber, show that the induced homomorphism π∗ : π 1 (E, e 0 ) → π 1 (B, b 0 ) is surjective.

  1. (a) If G is a topological group, show that π 0 (G, e) has a group structure such that the map G → π 0 (G, e) sending each point to the path component containing it is a surjective homomorphism. (b) Suppose G → P → B is a principal G-bundle, with the identity e chosen as a basepoint in G. Show that the connecting map ∂ : π 1 (B, b 0 ) → π 0 (G, e) whose existence you proved in Problem 5 is a group homomorphism. (c) If G is a topological group and H ⊆ G is a closed subgroup, show that the induced map π 0 (H, e) → π 0 (G, e) is a group homomorphism. (d) If G is a Lie group and H ⊆ G is a closed normal subgroup, show that every map in the extended homotopy sequence of the principal bundle H → G → G/H is a group homomorphism.
  2. Let F → M be a sheaf, and let U , V be open covers of M such that V refines U. For any refining map ρ : V → U , define the induced cochain map ρ#^ : Cˇk(U ; F ) → Cˇk(V ; F ) by (ρ#γ)(V 0 ,... , Vk) = γ(ρV 0 ,... , ρVk). (a) Prove that ρ#^ ◦ δ = δ ◦ ρ#. Thus we can define an induced cohomology map ρ∗^ : Hˇk(U ; F ) → H^ ˇk(V ; F ) by ρ∗[γ] = [ρ#γ]. (b) Complete the proof that ρ∗^ depends only on the covers U and V , and not on the refining map ρ, as follows. Given two refining maps ρ, ρ˜ : U → V , define a map θ : Cˇk(U ; F ) → Cˇk−^1 (V ; F ) by

(θc)(V 0 ,... , Vk− 1 ) =

k∑− 1

i=

(−1)ic(ρV 0 ,... , ρVi, ˜ρVi,... , ˜ρVk− 1 )

and show that θ ◦ δ + δ ◦ θ = ρ˜#^ − ρ#. (c) For any sheaf homomorphism ϕ : E → F , show that ϕ∗ ◦ ρ∗^ = ρ∗^ ◦ ϕ∗.

  1. Suppose F → M is a sheaf. If U and V are open covers of M such that V refines U , show that the induced map ρ∗ U V : Hˇ^1 (U ; F ) → Hˇ^1 (V ; F ) is injective. Conclude that Hˇ^1 (U ; F ) injects into Hˇ^1 (M ; F ) for every cover U.
  2. Let M be a smooth manifold, E → M a smooth vector bundle, and E the sheaf of germs of smooth sections of E. For any open subset U ⊆ M , we have used the notation E (U ) to denote both the space of continuous sections of E over U and the space of smooth sections of E over U. (a) Show that these spaces are isomorphic C∞(M )-modules via the map that sends a smooth section f : U → E to the section σf : U → E defined by σf (x) = [f]x. (b) Let f be a smooth section of E over an open set U ⊆ M. Show that the set of points where σf is nonzero is closed in M , while the set of points where f is nonzero is open in M. If M is connected, does this imply σf is constant if it vanishes somewhere? Explain.
  3. Suppose R is a ring, and {Aj }j∈J , {Bj }j∈J , and {Cj }j∈J are directed systems of R-modules. Suppose also that for each j ∈ J, we are given an exact sequence of module homomorphisms

Aj

α - j Bj

β - j Cj such that, whenever j, k ∈ J satisfy j ≤ k, the following diagram commutes:

Aj

α-j Bj

β-j Cj

Ak

αk

  • (^) Bk

βk

  • (^) Ck,

where the vertical maps are the ones associated with the three directed systems of modules. (Such a sys- tem is called a directed system of exact sequences.) Show that there are module homomorphisms α and β such that the following sequence is exact.

lim −→ Aj

α- lim −→ Bj

β- lim −→ Cj.