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ASSOCIATE ENVIRONMENTAL PROFESSIONAL
NREP 2026 STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS AND
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
◉ CWA §402. Answer: Focuses on point-source pollutant discharge permitting ◉ CWA §404. Answer: Details Army Corps of Engineers regulatory requirements for the discharge of dredged/filled materials ◉ The Clean Air Act was originally established in.. EPA was given regulatory authority in.. Significant amendments that vastly expanded what was addressed under the CAA were passed in... Answer: 1963; 1970; 1990 ◉ Criteria pollutants addressed under the CAA. Answer: 1. Particle pollution
- Ground-level ozone
- Carbon monoxide
- Sulfur Oxides
- Nitrogen Oxides
- Lead ◉ Criteria pollutants are regulated based on human health and environmental standards, termed ______ and ______ standards respectively.. Answer: Primary; secondary ◉ Attainment area. Answer: Areas that possess cleaner air quality for criteria pollutants than those set forth by CAA primary standards ◉ Non-attainment area. Answer: Denotes an area that is not in compliance with primary standards for any criteria pollutant ◉ While PM10 pollutants have been regulated under the CAA since _______, PM2.5 pollutants (derived from smog) have only been regulated since _______.. Answer: 1970; 1997 ◉ The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability act was passed in __________ and focused on ___________. Answer: 1980; the clean-up of abandoned or otherwise neglected hazardous waste sites. Established a tax on polluting industries that allowed the feds to respond directly to hazardous waste releases. ◉ PPA §13103. Answer: EPA mandated to develop a strategy to promote source reduction
◉ CAA §7414-18. Answer: EPA may establish record keeping, inspections and monitoring for all facilities that emit pollutants ◉ CAA Subchapter I, Part C §7470-79. Answer: Prevention of significant deterioration of air quality; establishment of a plan that includes emissions limitations to protect public welfare and the environment ◉ CAA Subchapter II 12. Answer: Provides general emissions standards ◉ EPCRA §11001-5. Answer: Emergency planning requirements established for pollution and fire control. Details substances and facilities covered under this act ◉ EPCRA §11021-2. Answer: Facilities covered under EPCRA must have SDS forms for all chemicals and must complete hazardous chemical inventory forms ◉ EPCRA §11023. Answer: Owners/operators of EPCRA facilities must complete toxic chemical release forms ◉ RCRA §6907. Answer: EPA must establish waste management guidelines
◉ RCRA §6908a. Answer: EPA may assist Indian tribes in waste management ◉ RCRA §6921. Answer: Established hazardous waste guidelines for facilities that produce hazardous waste ◉ RCRA §6922. Answer: Generators must certify in shipping manifests that they have a plan to reduce waste and must submit a biennial report indicating their efforts to reduce volume and toxicity of wastes ◉ RCRA §6925. Answer: Permit required for treatment and storage of hazardous wastes ◉ RCRA §6927. Answer: EPA can make facilities describe hazardous waste reduction program and may inspect these facilities to ensure said program is in place. ◉ RCRA §6931. Answer: Grants appropriated to states for assistance in developing hazardous waste programs ◉ RCRA §6981. Answer: EPA shall render financial assistance to federal/state/local government agencies that are researching, investigating and/or providing in areas of waste management and minimization.
◉ NEPA §4331. Answer: Congress recognizes the profound impact of man's activity on the interrelations of all components of the natural environment ◉ NEPA §4363. Answer: EPA shall establish long-term research program for all activities under NEPA ◉ NEPA §4363a. Answer: EPA mandated to conduct demonstrations of energy-related pollution control technologies ◉ NEPA §4368a. Answer: Utilization of older americans in projects of pollution prevention, abatement and control through technical assistance to environmental agencies ◉ NEPA §4368b. Answer: EPA mandated to provide technical support to Indian tribes for environmental assistance on tribal lands ◉ 29 CFR part 1910 Subpart I. Answer: Details OSHAs primary standards for PPE ◉ The Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act was passed in _____________ and strengthened ____________ substantially by requiring superfund actions to consider standards/regulations in other environmental laws, providing new enforcement authority and increasing the size of the trust fund.. Answer: 1986; CERCLA
◉ CERCLA §120. Answer: Each department, agency and instrumentality of the US must comply with CERCLA in the same manner as nongovernmental entities ◉ CERCLA §111(e)(3). Answer: Funds from the Superfund trust are generally not to be used to pay for the cleanup of federally owned facilities ◉ Executive Order 12580. Answer: Further clarified that federal agencies and departments (DOE/DOD) are responsible for cleanup of superfund sites within their jurisdiction ◉ CERCLA response is guided by the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan, also known as the... Answer: NCP (National Contingency Plan) ◉ 40 CFR part 300. Answer: Established the National Contingency Plan ◉ CERCLA §103a. Answer: Anyone who handles hazardous material is subject to CERCLA spill reporting requirements
◉ The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-know Act (ERPCA), also known as __________ __ of SARA, provided specific plans for preparing for, preventing and responding to the release of _________ chemicals. Answer: Title 3; 600+ ◉ CERCLA was amended by __________ in 1992. Answer: CERFA (Community Environmental Response Facilitation Act) ◉ CERFA §4. Answer: Amends §120(h)(3) of CERCLA, clarifying the extent to which remedial action is needed to protect public health and the environment (fed agencies can sell less contaminated parts of superfund sites, may continue remedial action maintenance during site development) ◉ The Clean Water Act was initially passed in _________. Answer: 1972 ◉ The 2015 definition of "waters of the United States" provides coverage to ______ of the water in the US.. Answer: 60% ◉ Under the RCRA, solid waste is defined as... Answer: solids, liquids or gases that have been discarded ◉ Subtitle ___ of RCRA covers nonhazardous waste while subtitle __ details hazardous waste control.. Answer: D; C
◉ The Toxic Substances Control Act addresses the production, importation, use and disposal of specific chemicals, including;. Answer: PCBs, asbestos, radon, lead paint, formaldehyde, PFAs ◉ The Toxic Substances Control Act was passed in. Answer: 1976 ◉ TSCA §5. Answer: Requires pre-manufacture notification for new chemical substances and the issuance of "significant new use" rules when a chemical is identified as having a new use that can result in the exposure or release of concerning substances. ◉ TSCA §4. Answer: Requires testing of chemicals by manufacturers importers and processors when risks or exposures of concern are identified ◉ TSCA §12b, 13. Answer: Requires importers/exporters of chemicals to comply with certification reporting and other regulatory requirements ◉ TSCA §8. Answer: Established the TSCA inventory, requries reporting/record keeping by manufacturers/importers/processors/distributers ◉ TSCA §8e. Answer: Requires that manufacturers/importers/processors and/or commercial
◉ 49 CFR §172.101. Answer: Procedures/criteria for determining proper shipping name of materials transported in commerce (DOT HMR) ◉ The Hazardous Materials Transportation Act was passed in ___________. Answer: 1975 ◉ The primary objective of the HMTA (1975). Answer: Provide adequate protection against risks to life and property inherent to the transportation of hazardous material by improving the regulatory & enforcement authority of the Secretary of Transportation ◉ Hazardous material. Answer: any particular quantity or form that may pose an unreasonable risk to healthy and safety or property (as designated by the Secretary of Transportation, §5103, 49 CFR, etc) ◉ HMTA §5103. Answer: General regulatory authority (i.e., regulations for safe transport, designation of hazardous materials, interagency considerations) ◉ HMTA §5103a. Answer: Limitations on the issuance of hazmat licenses
◉ 49 CFR part 1572. Answer: Defines a "transportation security incident" as it pertains to the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act ◉ HMTA §5104. Answer: Regulations regarding the 'representation' (i.e., physical appearance/markings, etc) and guidelines against 'tampering' with packaging/packages/documentation associated with hazardous materials and their transportation. ◉ The Occupational Health and Safety Act was passed in _______ with the goal of ensuring .... Answer: 1970; worker and workplace safety ◉ CAA §309. Answer: The EPA is charged with reviewing the Environmental Impact Statements of other agencies and may comment on the adequacy and acceptability of environmental impacts of proposed actions ◉ Basic policy of NEPA. Answer: Assure all government agencies give proper consideration to the environment prior to taking any action that significantly affects the environment (by performing EAs, EISs) ◉ 40 CFR 1500-08. Answer: Regulations issued by the Council of Environmental Quality that established procedures for the environmental review process for federal agencies
resistant packaging consistent with Poison Prevention Packaging Act under §25(c)(3)) ◉ 40 CFR part 170. Answer: Details general Worker Protection Standards ◉ FIFRA §3. Answer: Registration of pesticides ◉ FIFRA §5. Answer: Experimental use permits for non-licensed pesticides (i.e., for collection of data required for licensing) ◉ FIFRA §11. Answer: Use of restricted-use pesticides (i.e., certifications, certification standards) ◉ FIFRA §12. Answer: Unlawful acts related to FIFRA ◉ FIFRA §19. Answer: EPA may establish regulations and procedures for storage, disposal, transport and packaging of pesticides ◉ FIFRA §24. Answer: Details the authorities of states under FIFRA; they may register additional uses with the EPA and can regulate the sale or use of licensed pesticides. Cannot have weaker standards or permit the sale of unlicensed products.
◉ 5 Elements of a Safety Health and Management System (SHMS). Answer: Management commitment and planning; worksite analysis; hazard prevention and control; employee involvement; training for employees/supervisors/managers ◉
