ASVAB ASVAB General Science Solution guide., Exams of Nursing

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ASVAB: ASVAB General Science Solution guide.

Geology - The study of the planet Earth as it pertains to the composition, structure, and origin of its rocks. What's a Mineral? - Naturally occurring, inorganic solids with a definite chemical composition and orderly internal crystal structure. Polymorph - two minerals that have the same chemical composition but a different crystal structure What's a Rock? - Aggregates of one or more minerals, and may also contain mineraloids, and organic remains. An Aggregate is? - A material or structure formed from a loosely compacted mass of fragments or particles. What's a Mineraloid? - Materials lacking in crystalline structure. What are the three types of Rocks? - Sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic How is a rock classified? - Based on both their formation and material content. How is a Mineral classified? - By their chemical composition. Petrology - scientific study of rocks (Composition, structure, texture, occurrence, mode of formation, and history.) Mineralogy - the study of minerals How are sedimentary rocks formed? - By the process of lithification, involving compaction, the expulsion of liquids from pores, and the cement action of pre-existing rock. Which is a part of the process of forming at Sedimentary rock? - Pressure and temperature Where are sedimentary rocks formed? - In layers in the presence of water, it also may contain organic remains such as fossils What are the three groups of Sedimentary rocks? - Detrital, Biogenic, Chemical How is igneous rock formed? - From magma cooling. Where is Magma located? - beneath the earth's surface

ASVAB General Science Solution guide.

Latitude is the distance or of the equator. - North or South The order of the Earths layers is - crust, mantle, outer core, inner core The depth of the outer core is - 5,150 km to 2,890 km Lithosphere - A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust. How many major plates are there? - 9 - 15 How many minor plates are there? - 40 What kind of plate movement is this? - Transformation What kind of plate formation is this? - Divergent What kind of plate formation is this? - Convergent Asthenosphere - The soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats. Fault lines - places where the plates slide relative to each other Measures an Earthquake - Richter Scale or Moment magnitude scale What kind of plate formation is this? - Subduction Hot spot - A location where narrow plumes of magma rise through the mantle. Active Volcano - A volcano about to erupt for erupting. Dormant Volcanos - a volcano with no recent eruption history but that still looks relatively fresh and unweathered , may become active again in the future Extinct Volcano - A volcano that will not erupt again The Earth is divided into sections called - Imagery lines The Prime Meridian - 0 degrees longitude How is longitude measured? - In 15 degree increments towards the east or west. Lines of Latitude run around the Earth. - Horizontally Tropic of Cancer - Located 23.5 Degrees North

During the Tropic of Cancer, which day marks the beginning of summer in the Northern Hemisphere? - June 21st Tropic of Capricorn - Located 23.5 South During the Tropic of Capricorn, which day marks the beginning of winter in the Northern Hemisphere? - December 21st Arctic Circle - Located 66.5 degrees North (No sun Dec 21st) Antarctic Circle - located at 66.5 degrees south (No Sun June 21st) The degree of the Earths axis - 23.5 degrees Gets the same amount of sunlight every day for about 12 hours and doesn't experience seasons - The equator Meteorology - study of the atmosphere Most weather occurs in the? - Troposphere Weather is the - Condition of the atmosphere at any given moment The Hydrologic cycle - The cycle through which water in the hydrosphere moves; includes such processes as evaporation, precipitation, and surface and groundwater runoff Precipitation - when condensed water vapor falls to Earth as rain, fog drip, and various forms of snow, hail, and sleet. Canopy interception - When precipitation lands on plant foliage instead of falling to the ground and evaporating Snow Melt - The runoff produced by melting snow Infiltration - When water flows from the surface to the ground. Subsurface flow - refers to water that flows underground Evaporation - when water changes from a liquid to a gas Sublimation - When water in a solid states turns to water vapor. Advection - movement of water through the atmosphere Condensation - When water vapor changes to liquid water.

Low clouds altitudes occurs from... - The Earths surface to 2,000 meters. Cirrus clouds - Wispy, feathery clouds made of ice crystals that form at high levels. Cirrocumulus - Small, pillow-like puffs that often appear in rows Cirrostratus - Thin sheet like clouds that often cover the entire sky Altocumulus - Gray-white clouds that consist of liquid water Altostratus - Grayish or blue-gray clouds that span the sky Stratus - Gray and fog like clouds that consist of water droplets that take up the sky Stratocumulus - Low-lying, gray clouds Nimbostratus - dark gray clouds with uneven bases that indicate rain or snow