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Attachment E: Myths and Facts about Sexual Misconduct ..., Exams of Statistics

University of California - Los Angeles (UCLA)Statistics

4) Myth: Most Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assaults are committed by strangers. It's not rape if the people involved know each other.

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Uploaded on 03/01/2023

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CSU Policy Prohibiting Discrimination, Harassment, Sexual Misconduct, Sexual Exploitation,
Dating Violence, Domestic Violence, Stalking, and Retaliation
Attachment E
Revised January 1, 2022
1
Attachment E: Myths and Facts about Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault
Common Myths and Facts about the Causes of Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault
1) Myth: Individuals provoke Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault
1
by the way they dress
or when they act in a promiscuous manner.
Fact: Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault is never the fault of the victim. Sexual
Misconduct/Sexual Assault is an act of violence and control that stems from a person’s
determination to exercise power over another. Neither the way a person dresses nor
their previous sexual behavior with anyone are invitations for sexual activity. Engaging
in sexual activity with another person without that person’s Affirmative Consent is
Sexual Assault, regardless of the way that person dresses or acts.
2) Myth: If a person goes to a bar or back to someone’s room or house, they assume the
risk of Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault. If something happens later, they can’t claim
that they were raped or sexually assaulted because they should have known not to go
to those places.
Fact: This idea of an “assumption of risk” wrongfully places the responsibility of the
offender’s action with the victim. Engaging in sexual activity with another person
without that person’s Affirmative Consent is Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault,
regardless of where it happens. Even if a person went voluntarily to someone’s home
or room and consented to engage in some sexual activity, this does not serve as
Affirmative Consent for all sexual activity. CSU policy defines Sexual Misconduct to
include any sexual activity without Affirmative Consent. Affirmative Consent means
informed, affirmative, voluntary, and mutual agreement to engage in sexual activity.
Each person involved is responsible to ensure that they have the Affirmative Consent
of the other participant(s). When in doubt if the person is comfortable with sexual
activity, or a different form of sexual activity, stop and ask.
1
Definitions of prohibited conduct, including Sexual Misconduct, Sexual Assault, and Affirmative Consent are found in Article VII of the CSU
Policy Prohibiting Discrimination, Harassment, Sexual Misconduct, Sexual Exploitation, Dating Violence, Domestic Violence, Stalking, and
Retaliation.
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Dating Violence, Domestic Violence, Stalking, and Retaliation Attachment E Revised January 1, 202 2

Attachment E: Myths and Facts about Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault

Common Myths and Facts about the Causes of Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault

  1. Myth : Individuals provoke Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault^1 by the way they dress or when they act in a promiscuous manner. Fact : Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault is never the fault of the victim. Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault is an act of violence and control that stems from a person’s determination to exercise power over another. Neither the way a person dresses nor their previous sexual behavior with anyone are invitations for sexual activity. Engaging in sexual activity with another person without that person’s Affirmative Consent is Sexual Assault, regardless of the way that person dresses or acts.
  2. Myth : If a person goes to a bar or back to someone’s room or house, they assume the risk of Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault. If something happens later, they can’t claim that they were raped or sexually assaulted because they should have known not to go to those places. Fact : This idea of an “assumption of risk” wrongfully places the responsibility of the offender’s action with the victim. Engaging in sexual activity with another person without that person’s Affirmative Consent is Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault, regardless of where it happens. Even if a person went voluntarily to someone’s home or room and consented to engage in some sexual activity, this does not serve as Affirmative Consent for all sexual activity. CSU policy defines Sexual Misconduct to include any sexual activity without Affirmative Consent. Affirmative Consent means informed, affirmative, voluntary, and mutual agreement to engage in sexual activity. Each person involved is responsible to ensure that they have the Affirmative Consent of the other participant(s). When in doubt if the person is comfortable with sexual activity, or a different form of sexual activity, stop and ask. (^1) Definitions of prohibited conduct, including Sexual Misconduct, Sexual Assault, and Affirmative Consent are found in Article VII of the CSU Policy Prohibiting Discrimination, Harassment, Sexual Misconduct, Sexual Exploitation, Dating Violence, Domestic Violence, Stalking, and Retaliation.

Dating Violence, Domestic Violence, Stalking, and Retaliation Attachment E Revised January 1, 202 2

  1. Myth : It is not Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault if it happens after drinking or taking drugs. Fact : Being under the influence of alcohol or drugs is not an invitation for sexual activity. A person under the influence does not cause others to assault them; others choose to take advantage of the situation and sexually assault them because they are in a vulnerable position. A person who is incapacitated due to the influence of alcohol or drugs is not able to consent to sexual activity.
  2. Myth : Most Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assaults are committed by strangers. It’s not rape if the people involved know each other. Fact : Most Sexual Assaults are committed by someone the victim knows. A Department of Justice study found that eight out of ten rapes are committed by someone known to the victim.^2 Most often, an intimate partner or former intimate partner, classmate, friend, acquaintance, or co-worker sexually victimized the person.
  3. Myth : Rape can be avoided if women avoid dark alleys or other “dangerous” places where strangers might be hiding or lurking. Fact : Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault can occur at any time, in many places, to anyone. As noted in Myth 4 above, most Sexual Assaults are committed not by strangers, but by someone known to the victim. The majority of Sexual Assaults occur at or near the victim's home.^3
  4. Myth : A person who has really experienced Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault will be hysterical. Fact : A person who has experienced Sexual Misconduct/Sexual Assault may exhibit a spectrum of responses to the assault which can include: calm, hysteria, withdrawal, anxiety, anger, apathy, denial, and shock. Being sexually assaulted is a very traumatic experience. Reaction to the assault and the length of time needed to process through the experience vary with each person. There is no “right way” to react to being sexually assaulted. Assumptions about the way a person “should act” may be detrimental because each person copes in different ways. (^2) Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Crime Victimization Survey, 2010-2016 (2017). (^3) Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Female Victims of Sexual Violence, 1994-2010 (2013).

Dating Violence, Domestic Violence, Stalking, and Retaliation Attachment E Revised January 1, 202 2 weapon while committing the assault may result in a higher penalty or criminal charge, the absence of a weapon does not mean that the offender cannot be held responsible, criminally or otherwise, for a Sexual Assault.