BACKFLOW PREVENTION FINAL EXAM 2024 ENTRY, Exams of Water Resources Planning and Management

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BACKFLOW PREVENTION FINAL EXAM

2024 ENTRY

1. Backflow is defined as: a) the pressure in the distribution piping of the potable water supply b) the undesirable reversal of water, other liquids, gases or substances in the distribution pipes of the potable water supply c) high pressure in the pipes of the water user d) excess pressure through a pressure regulator - ✔✔b) the undesirable reversal of water, other liquids, gases or substances in the distribution pipes of the potable water supply
2. Primary responsibility for cross connection control is vested in a) the water purveyor b) the water site supervisor c) the health department d) the State Health department - ✔✔a) the water purveyor
3. A reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly is comprised of: a) two independently operating air inlet valves with a hydraulically operating mechanically independent differential relief valve b) two check valves, two shut off valves and an air relief valve

c) two independently acting approved check valves, a hydraulically operated differential pressure relief valve, with four appropriately located resilient seated test cocks and two resilient seated shut off valves d) two independently operated approved check valves, mechanically operated air relief valve, four resilient seated test cocks between two resilient seated shut off valves - ✔✔c) two independently acting approved check valves, a hydraulically operated differential pressure relief valve, with four appropriately located resilient seated test cocks and two resilient seated shut off valves

4. A local ordinance establishing a cross connection control program must require that: a) the property owner test the assembly periodically b) a certified tester test the assembly at least once every twelve months and report the test results to the water purveyor it a timely manner c) the water purveyor will install the necessary cross connection control assembly d) pressure vacuum breaker will be installed at all service connections - ✔✔b) a certified tester test the assembly at least once every twelve months and report the test results to the water purveyor it a timely manner
5. The definition of an approved air gap used for backflow prevention shall be:

a) be equipped with a splash guard and a receiving funnel b) be not less than one inch from the side wall of the receiving vessel c) be a vertical dimension of at least twice the diameter of the supply pipe but not less than one inch above the receiving vessel d) be less that one inch above the flood rim of the receiving vessel - ✔✔c) be a vertical dimension of at least twice the diameter of the supply pipe but not less than one inch above the receiving vessel

6. The correct installation of a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly is: a) it doesn't matter where the assembly is placed b) in a pit behind the water meter c) in a vented vault below the floodplain d) in an above grade, protected and accessible site - ✔✔d) in an above grade, protected and accessible site
7. If water is continuously flowing from the relief valve port of a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly the tester may report: a) the relief valve is stuck closed b) the first check may be fouled, or the differential pressure relief valve may have malfunctioned, or the second check is fouled with backpressure on the assembly c) the distribution line is subject to pressure surges

d) the number two check valve has failed - ✔✔b) the first check may be fouled, or the differential pressure relief valve may have malfunctioned, or the second check is fouled with backpressure on the assembly

8. Backpressure will cause backflow: a) through an unprotected over the rim feed to an open make-up water tank b) through an unprotected over the rim gravity feed line to an open wash tank c) through an unprotected feed to a closed make-up water tank d) through an unprotected feed to a cattle watering trough - ✔✔c) through an unprotected feed to a closed make-up water tank
9. In testing a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly: a) the relief valve must be tested first b) the apparent drop across the first check valve must be tested first c) the second check must be tested first d) the flow rate must be tested first - ✔✔a) the relief valve must be tested first
10. A water purveyor or public health agency may require more frequent testing of a backflow prevention assembly than the maximum time allowed between testing. What is the maximum legal length of time permitted between tests:

a) six months b) eighteen months c) twelve weeks d) twelve months - ✔✔d) twelve months

11. Which of the following types of cross connections are considered to be illegal? a) a by-pass hose with a shut off valve installed around a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly b) a supply line to a boiler from a domestic service equipped with a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly c) a service to a single family residence d) an air gapped service to a high rise building - ✔✔a) a by-pass hose with a shut off valve installed around a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly
12. Backsiphonage due to an aspirator effect maybe caused by: a) a sudden increase of the water supply b) high velocity flow of water through a tee in a piping system c) water from a high pressure pump against the number two check valve of an approved double check valve assembly d) a hose equipped with an anti-siphon valve at the hose bib being dropped into an open tank - ✔✔b) high velocity flow of water through a tee in a piping system

13. When installed correctly pressure vacuum breakers shall be: a) 12" above the highest point of piping and usage b) have no shut off valves downstream c) have no backpressure on the assembly d) a and b above e) a and c above - ✔✔e) a and c above (a) 12" above the highest point of piping and usage (c) have no backpressure on the assembly
14. Which of the following is the backflow protection found on a kitchen faucet in a residential installation? a) duplex check valve b) air gap c) pressure reducing valve d) broken atmosphere valve - ✔✔b) air gap
15. In a perfect vacuum water can be raised to: a) 33.9 feet b) 14.7 feet c) 27.75 feet d) .433 feet - ✔✔a) 33.9 feet

16. Backflow from a low inlet to an open plating tank containing a toxic solution is properly prevented by the installation of: a) a properly installed approved pressure type vacuum breaker b) a properly installed approved reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly c) a properly installed atmospheric vacuum breaker d) any one of the above - ✔✔d) any one of the above
17. Which of the following backflow prevention devices cannot be tested with a differential pressure gauge? a) reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly b) double check valve assembly c) atmospheric vacuum breaker d) double check detector assembly - ✔✔c) atmospheric vacuum breaker
18. The differential pressure relief valve of a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly must maintain the zone of differential pressure at: a) least 2 psi above the supply pressure b) 2 psi less than the supply pressure c) least 1 psi above the supply pressure

d) less than 1 psi of the supply pressure - ✔✔b) 2 psi less than the supply pressure

19. To properly test a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly in the field the shut off valves must be in this position: a) #1 shut off closed, #2 shut off open b) #1 shut off closed, #2 shut off closed c) #l shut off open, #2 shut off closed d) #2 shut off open, #1 shut off open - ✔✔c) #l shut off open, #2 shut off closed
20. A direct connection between potable water piping and a sewer connected waste line may exist if: a) an approved double check assembly protects the potable line b) an approved reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly protects the line c) an approved pressure vacuum breaker protects the line d) such a connection is never permitted - ✔✔d) such a connection is never permitted
21. Which of the following is the primary contributing factor to the reversal of flow of water in pipelines? a) pressure gradient of the pipeline b) distance between the point of use and the reservoir or pump

c) high velocity rate of flow d) backsiphonage - ✔✔d) backsiphonage

22. When testing the relief valve of a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly, the high side control needle valve is opened more than one full turn and the low side control needle valve is opened more than one quarter tum but the gauge reading does not start to fall to the relief valve opening point and there is no discharge from the relief valve. The problem is? a) the relief valve is stuck closed b) excessive #2 shut off valve is leaking with demand downstream c) check valve #1 is stuck closed d) excessive #1 shut off valve leakage - ✔✔b) excessive #2 shut off valve is leaking with demand downstream
23. The primary consideration used in deciding whether to install a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly or a double check valve assembly is? a) customer preference b) cost c) system temperature d) the degree of hazard as evaluated by the appropriate authority - ✔✔d) the degree of hazard as evaluated by the appropriate authority

24. One foot of elevation will raise pressure (psi) one psi. a) True b) False - ✔✔b) False
25. Which of the following is not important to a good cross connection control program? a) continuous positive system pressure b) regular testing of all system backflow prevention assemblies c) installation of wet barrel fire hydrants d) inspection of the industrial plants connected to the water distribution system - ✔✔c) installation of wet barrel fire hydrants
26. There is a continuous discharge from the relief valve of a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly with the #2 shut off valve closed. The apparent differential pressure drop across the # check valve is 8.7psi. The malfunction is? a) #2 check valve is fouled b) debris fouling the relief valve c) #1 check valve is failing d) inlet line pressure is fluctuating - ✔✔b) debris fouling the relief valve
27. The atmospheric vacuum breaker is the most frequently used backflow prevention assembly but should never be used: a) in high pressure water systems

b) where back pressure is applied to the atmospheric vacuum breaker c) in low pressure water systems d) with soft water - ✔✔b) where back pressure is applied to the atmospheric vacuum breaker

28. Backflow into a potable water line from a direct pressure connection to a food processing line containing edible syrup under pressure, may be prevented by a: a) double check valve assembly b) pressure vacuum breaker c) atmospheric vacuum breaker d) no protection is required - ✔✔a) double check valve assembly
29. A water closet (toilet) flushometer valve shall be equipped with an approved vacuum breaker installed on the discharge side of the flush valve with the critical level at least: a) 2 inches above the overflow rim of the bowl b) 6 inches above the overflow rim of the bowl c) 12 inches above the overflow rim of the bowl d) 33.9 inches above the overflow rim of the bowl - ✔✔b) 6 inches above the overflow rim of the bowl

30. A legal air gap separation requires that the discharge opening of the supply line shall not be less than_______ inch(es) above the overflow rim of the receiving vessel. a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 1 - ✔✔d) 1
31. Which of the following provides the best method in the field for determining pressure differentials in the range of 2 psi to 5 psi? a) bourdon tube pressure gauge b) differential pressure gauge c) hook gauge d) pitot tube - ✔✔b) differential pressure gauge
32. The relief valve of a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly is observed discharging small "spits" of water intermittently. Your analysis of the condition is? a) the relief valve is failing b) there is fluctuating backpressure on the assembly c) the relief valve diaphragm is leaking d) the supply side pressure is fluctuating - ✔✔d) the supply side pressure is fluctuating

33. When testing the air inlet of a pressure vacuum breaker you have opened the high side control needle valve one quarter tum and the indicator on your test kit is reading 0.0 without the air inlet opening. What is the condition of the assembly? a) the check valve is failing b) the air inlet is failing c) the #2 shut off is failing d) the #1 shut off is failing - ✔✔b) the air inlet is failing
34. When you are testing a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly and the #1 check valve fails to hold tight you may: a) disregard the failure and continue on to the relief valve opening point b) attach a bypass hose from the #1 test cock to compensate for a leaking #2 shut off valve c) close the #1 shut off valve to stop the #1 check valve leak d) not continue the test until the #1 check valve has been repaired - ✔✔d) not continue the test until the #1 check valve has been repaired
35. When you are flushing the test cocks prior to testing a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly, you should always: a) exercise the relief valve vigorously to make sure it opens correctly b) slowly open the #2 test cock until the relief valve opens c) slowly open the #2 test cock being careful not to open the relief valve

d) do not open the test cocks until you are finished with the test - ✔✔c) slowly open the #2 test cock being careful not to open the relief valve

36. When you start testing a backflow prevention assembly you: a) Notify OSHA, identify yourself to the police department, inspect the building for termites and observe how many cars are in the parking lot b) Notify the tenants that the water will be off during testing, identify the backflow prevention assembly, inspect the backflow prevention assembly for all necessary parts and observe any wet spots or leaking that may indicate a potential problem with the assembly c) Notify the police department, identify yourself to OSHA, inspect the parking lot for water leaks and observe how many windows are on the side of the building looking out at you testing d) Do not notify anyone, keep you identity to yourself, you are not an inspector and hope that no one observes you while you are testing - ✔✔b) Notify the tenants that the water will be off during testing, identify the backflow prevention assembly, inspect the backflow prevention assembly for all necessary parts and observe any wet spots or leaking that may indicate a potential problem with the assembly
37. The atmospheric pressure at sea level is? a) 33.9 psi b) 140.7 psi c) 0 psi d) 14.7 psi - ✔✔d) 14.7 psi

38. The certification for accuracy on a test gauge should be done: a) when you have the money to have it done b) when the health department calls you c) annually d) gauges never need calibration - ✔✔c) annually
39. As you start to test a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly you notice the #3 test cock is missing. You may: a) install a "Tee" in the #2 test cock and continue the test b) prior to testing, replace the #3 test cock and note the results of the test after repairs c) leave the test cock missing, record the imaginary figures and hope it is fixed before you come back next year d) install a "Tee" in the #4 test cock and continue your test - ✔✔b) prior to testing, replace the #3 test cock and note the results of the test after repairs
40. The document that governs cross connection control in California is? a) page 17 of the California Vehicle Code b) Uniform Building Code c) Title 17, California Code of Regulations

d) Chapter 17, OSHA Regulations - ✔✔c) Title 17, California Code of Regulations

41. The correct installation of a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly is? a) minimum of 12 feet above grade b) in an overhead space with no drain c)minimum of 12 inches above grade and accessible for testing and maintenance d) hidden in the wall or underground so no one has to look at it - ✔✔c)minimum of 12 inches above grade and accessible for testing and maintenance
42. You have completed the first test on a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly. You are now ready to test the #2 check valve for tightness. As you introduce water behind the #2 check valve the gauge immediately falls to the relief valve opening point and the relief valve starts discharging water. You should: a) stop the test, close all the test cocks and repair the #2 check valve b) open the #2 shut off valve to compensate for a leaking #2 check valve c) open the low side bleed needle valve to re-establish the zone and give the #2 check a second chance

d) record the #2 check as leaking and use the apparent differential as the actual differentia - ✔✔c) open the low side bleed needle valve to re-establish the zone and give the #2 check a second chance

43. During the testing of the reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly your gauge is reading this value at all times: a) pressure at sea level b) total pressure loss across the entire assembly c) differential pressure across the #1 check valve d) atmospheric pressure at sea level - ✔✔c) differential pressure across the #1 check valve
44. You have opened the high side control needle valve one full turn and opened the low side control needle valve one quarter tum and the differential pressure remains constant and does not lower to the relief valve opening point of a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly. You may: a) discontinue the test and charge the customer big bucks for repairs b) close the #1 shut off valve to stop the water from going through the assembly c) open and close the #2 shut off valve to achieve a tighter shut off and possibly test the assembly d) close the #3 test cock to compensate for a leaking #2 shut off valve - ✔✔c) open and close the #2 shut off valve to achieve a tighter shut off and possibly test the assembly

45. You need to make a repair on a backflow prevention assembly but you don't have the original equipment manufacture parts. You may: a) go to Home Depot and get something that might work b) cut some parts out of an inner tube c) not repair the assembly until you have the correct parts d) adapt parts from a different manufacturer to make a repair - ✔✔c) not repair the assembly until you have the correct parts
46. The total pressure drop through a double check valve assembly may not exceed: a) 11 psi b) 15 psi c) 10 psi d) 18 psi - ✔✔c) 10 psi
47. When you open the #3 test cock to atmosphere to test the #1 check valve of a double check valve assembly, the gauge reading drops to 0. psi and holds steady, you: a) record the #1 check as tight but failed b) cannot continue the test c) open and close the #2 shut off valve to achieve a tighter shut off d) lower the gauge to the center line of the double check assembly - ✔✔a) record the #1 check as tight but failed

48. When testing a double check valve assembly, the shut off valves will be in this position: a) #1 shut off closed, #2 shut off open b) #2 shut off closed, #1 shut off open c) #2 shut off closed, #1 shut off closed d) # 1 shut off open, #2 shut off open - ✔✔c) #2 shut off closed, #1 shut off closed
49. When testing a double check valve assembly you should always position the gauge at: a) the same level as the assembly b) on the ground so you don't drop the gauge c) it doesn't matter where you position the gauge d) the highest level of water of the check valve being tested - ✔✔d) the highest level of water of the check valve being tested
50. You must always use a sight tube to test a double check valve assembly. a) True b) False - ✔✔b) False
51. When testing a double check valve assembly, you must use the following:

a) differential pressure gauge, bleed off assembly, sight tube b) differential pressure gauge, low side hose and high side hose, bleed off assembly c)differential pressure gauge, high side hose, bleed off assembly d) two sight tubes and a pressure gauge - ✔✔c)differential pressure gauge, high side hose, bleed off assembly

52. When testing a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly you close the #2 shut off valve after you have: a) notified the customer b) after you flush the test cocks c) installed the appropriate fittings d) notified the customer, after you flush the test cocks, install the appropriate fittings and bled the air from your gauge - ✔✔d) notified the customer, after you flush the test cocks, install the appropriate fittings and bled the air from your gauge
53. When testing a double check valve assembly, the water level in the sight tube is where you should: a) hold your gauge and all unused hoses b) not be concerned with the level c) be careful not to let the water run out of the sight tube d) ignore the level until the gauge needle stops moving - ✔✔a) hold your gauge and all unused hoses

54. Check valves in a double check valve assembly must hold a minimum of: a) 10 psi in the direction of flow b) 1 psi in the reverse direction of flow c) 2 psi in the direction of flow d) 1 psi in the direction of flow - ✔✔d) 1 psi in the direction of flow
55. You are testing the #1 check valve of a double check valve assembly and have closed the #2 shut off valve and have closed the #1 shut off valve and opened the #3 test cock. Water continues to discharge from the sight tube on the #3 test cock. You should: a) install the bleed off assembly on the #2 test cock b) observe the reading on your test kit before you slowly open the bleed off valve assembly to compensate for a leaking #1 shut off valve c) open the #2 shut off valve to compensate for a leaking #1 shut off valve d) close the #3 test cock to stop the leak - ✔✔b) observe the reading on your test kit before you slowly open the bleed off valve assembly to compensate for a leaking #1 shut off valve
56. When testing the air inlet of a pressure vacuum breaker the #1 shut off valve is closed. Your test kit immediately reads 0.0 psi. What does this indicate? a) the check valve is leaking

b) the high side control needle valve has been left open c) the #2 check valve is leaking d) there is backpressure on the air inlet - ✔✔b) the high side control needle valve has been left open

57. You are going to test a double check valve assembly and the test cocks are mounted on the side of the assembly. You need to install: a) another bleed off valve assembly b) the low side hose c) a forty-five-degree test fitting and hose d) a ninety degree fitting and a sight tube - ✔✔d) a ninety degree fitting and a sight tube
58. You are testing a reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly and you are testing for the relief valve opening point. You have opened the high side control needle valve more than one full tum and have opened the low side control needle valve more than one quarter turn but the indicator needle is not dropping. You now do the following: a) open and closed the #2 shut off valve to attempt to get a better shut off, then attach a hose from the #3 test cock to the #4 test cock to compensate for the leaking #2 shut off valve b) close the #1 shut off valve to trap the water in the assembly c) close the #1 shut off valve and open the #2 shut off valve to force the needle to move

d) open and close the #2 shut off valve to attempt to get a better shut off, then attach a hose from the #1 test cock to the #4 test cock to compensate for the leaking #2 shut off valve - ✔✔d) open and close the #2 shut off valve to attempt to get a better shut off, then attach a hose from the #1 test cock to the #4 test cock to compensate for the leaking #2 shut off valve

59. When testing a double check valve assembly you must position the gauge at the correct level before you: a) close the #2 shut off valve b) close the #1 shut off valve c) close the #1 test cock d) close the #2 test cock - ✔✔b) close the #1 shut off valve
60. While testing the #2 check valve of a double check valve assembly water continues to flow out of the sight tube on the #4 test cock. The #1 check valve has been tested without using the bleed off valve assembly and has been recorded as tight and holding a differential above 1.Opsi. The most likely reason water continues to discharge from the sight tube on the #4 test cock is? a) leaking #2 check valve b) water leaking through the gauge c) leaking #2 shut off valve with back pressure d) leaking #2 shut off valve - ✔✔c) leaking #2 shut off valve with back pressure

61. While testing the #2 check valve on a double check valve assembly the water recedes from the sight tube on the #4 test cock. This indicates: a) it is very hot and the water evaporated from the tube b) the #2 shut off valve is leaking with demand c) the #2 check valve is leaking and the water went through the gauge d) the gauge is not at the correct level - ✔✔b) the #2 shut off valve is leaking with demand
62. While testing the #1 check valve of a double check valve assembly the water in the sight tube on the #3 test cock recedes. You may: a) lower the gauge to the middle of the assembly and record any number above zero as holding tight b) lower the gauge to the middle of the assembly and record the reading on the gauge c) lower the gauge to the middle of the assembly and record the reading on the gauge as the static pressure drop across the #1 check. You would record the #2 check as leaking and the #2 shut off valve as leaking. d) lower the gauge to the middle of the assembly and record the reading on the gauge as tight if the reading is 1.0 psi or greater - ✔✔c) lower the gauge to the middle of the assembly and record the reading on the gauge as the static pressure drop across the #1 check. You would record the #2 check as leaking and the #2 shut off valve as leaking.

63. While testing the #2 check valve of a double check valve assembly you open the bleed off valve assembly to compensate for a leaking #1 shut off valve. You open the bleed off valve completely but the water continues to discharge from the sight tube on the #4 test cock. You may: a) open the #2 shut off valve to compensate for the leaking #1 shut off valve b) open the #3 test cock to compensate for the leaking #1 shut off valve c) close the bleed off assembly and open the #2 test cock to compensate for the leaking #1 shut off valve d) open #3 and #4 test cocks to compensate for the leaking #1 shut off valve - ✔✔c) close the bleed off assembly and open the #2 test cock to compensate for the leaking #1 shut off valve
64. Double check valve assemblies may be used to protect against all degrees of hazard. a) True b) False - ✔✔b) False
65. Double check valve assemblies can be installed in a below grade box. a) True b) False - ✔✔a) True