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Basic Dysrhythmia-Relias: Understanding Heart Rhythms and Their Abnormalities, Exams of Nursing

Western Governors University (WGU)Nursing

An in-depth examination of various heart rhythms and their abnormalities, including normal sinus rhythm, sinus arrhythmia, sinus bradycardia, sinus tachycardia, premature atrial contractions, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, junctional rhythm, junctional tachycardia, premature junctional contractions, supraventricular tachycardia, first degree heart block, second degree heart block type 1, second degree heart block type 2, third degree heart block, premature ventricular contractions, bigeminy pvc, monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, torsades de pointes, ventricular fibrillation, idioventricular rhythm, and accelerated idioventricular rhythm. Each condition is explained with its respective symptoms, causes, and possible treatments.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 04/02/2024

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Basic Dysrhythmia-Relias
Basic Dysrhythmia-Relias Exam
Containing Questions and Answers
2024-2025
normal sinus rhythm - Answer: heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node
with a rate in patients at rest of 60 to 100 beats per minute
Sinus Arrhythmia - Answer: Appearance is ALMOST NORMAL:
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Basic Dysrhythmia-Relias Exam

Containing Questions and Answers

normal sinus rhythm - Answer: heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 60 to 100 beats per minute Sinus Arrhythmia - Answer: Appearance is ALMOST NORMAL:

Respiratory - Circulatory interaction Rate INCREASES with INSPIRATION (IN=IN) Sinus Bradycardia - Answer: < normal sinus rhythm Sinus Tachycardia - Answer: >100 (100-150) normal sinus rhythm Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC) - Answer: Heart Rate: Depends on underlying rhythm Regularity: Interrupts the regularity of underlying rhythm P-Wave: can be flattened, notched, or unusual. May be hidden within the T wave PRI: measures between .12-.20 seconds and can be prolonged; can be different from other complexes QRS: <.12 seconds Sinus Arrest/Pause - Answer: - SA node doesn't fire

  • notice absence of P-wave for a complete cycle (a missed cycle) length of pause ≠ multiple of normal rate (block) Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) - Answer: an irregular and often very fast heart rate originating from abnormal conduction in the atria

2nd degree heart block type 1 (Wenkebach) - Answer: Progressively longer PR interval until the P wave is not followed by a QPR 2nd Degree Heart Block (Mobitz II) - Answer: Rare, but more serious Sudden appearance of a nonconducted P-wave P-waves are nl, but some aren't followed by a QRS complex PR & RR intervals are constant 3rd degree heart block - Answer: no obvious correlation between p and qrs, need pace maker premature ventricular contraction (PVC) - Answer: a ventricular contraction preceding the normal impulse initiated by the SA node (pacemaker) Bigeminy PVC - Answer: every other beat is a PVC PVC couplets - Answer: PVC occurring in pairs, no adequate C.O. when this occurs monomorphic ventricular tachycardia - Answer: presents with wide QRS complexes of a common shape. Torsades de pointes - Answer: Rate: 120 - 200 usually P wave: Obscured by ventricular waves QRS: Wide QRS - "Twisting of the Points" Conduction: Ventricular only

Rhythm: Slightly irregular Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) - Answer: abnormal heart rhythm which results in quivering of ventricles Idioventricular Rhythm - Answer: < looks like vtach but slow

  • no P waves (from vent foci)
  • Wide QRS (serious, death like rhythm)
  • called "dying heart" rhythm...occasional ventric beat b4 death (asystole) Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm - Answer: Rate: 50 - 100 usually (usually slow) P wave: Obscured by ventricular waves (occur during ventricular contraction) - SA node slower than faster ventricular pacing than should be QRS: Wide QRS Conduction: Ventricular only Rhythm: Regular
  • benign rhythm that is sometimes seen during acute MI or early after reperfusion.
  • Rarely sustained, does not progress to vfib, rarely requires treatment asystole - Answer: absence of contractions of the heart