Basic Highway Plan for engineers, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Highway Engineering

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Basic

Highway

Plan

Reading

Skills Development Series

Revised May 1, 2008

Table of Contents i

List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................. vi Forward ........................................................................................................................................................ ix A Note on Safety............................................................................................................................................ x

(Continued on page ii)

Basic Highway Plan Reading ix

Forward

This Plan Reading Course is to present a step-by-step procedure on how to read, interpret, and relate to a standard set of roadway plans; to help identify and interpret symbols used in a standard set of plans; and to help develop the necessary skills to interpret a set of plans in non-technical terms to laypersons (property owners and others). Along with this manual you will use plan sheets and standards that specifically relate to a project. The plan sheets/ standards included have been reduced to half their original size so they can be handled more easily.

A partnership of Transportation entities, The Georgia Partnership for Transportation Quality (GPTQ), works to- gether to improve the quality of the nation’s highways and as one of the initiatives, the GPTQ Steering Committee created a team from public and private sector organizations to jointly focus on the improvement of highway con- struction plans. The team determined that quality improvements were attainable by developing a Plan Presentation Guide to assist designers in the presentation of the work to be accomplished and thereby making plans more effi- cient for the user. This guide can be found on the Georgia DOT Web Pages for further information.

Since it is our intent to provide you, the student, with a “well rounded” exposure to highway construction plans, you may be asked to look at a plan sheet from a particular project. Please be sure that you are looking at the correct set of plans for the text that you are reading and the questions you may be asked to answer.

x Basic Highway Plan Reading

A Note on Safety

As an employee of the Georgia Department of Transportation, it is your responsibility to direct your concern to one goal, which is to provide the traveling public with the best and safest roadway system that can be constructed.

With this goal constantly in mind, it is the responsibility of each DOT employee to observe, suggest, and act to achieve a safe system of roadways throughout the State. Regardless of a specific assigned duty, it is the responsi- bility of all the employees of the Georgia Department of Transportation to call to his/her supervisor’s attention any item, whether in design or construction, which appears to be an obvious hazard to the motoring public.

Safety is our business and will remain the primary factor in designing and constructing highways.

xii Basic Highway Plan Reading

Chapter 1: Beginning to Read Plans 1

G ENERAL I NFORMATION

R EQUIREMENTS AND S PECIFICATIONS A requirement occurring in one of the parts of a Georgia DOT contract is as binding as though occurring in all. The Specifications, Supplemental Specifications, Plans, Special Provisions, and all supplementary documents are all part of the contract.

WHAT PART OF THE CONTRACT APPLIES? In case of a discrepancy, certain parts of the contract govern over others. The governing order will be as follows:

1. Special Provisions
2. Project Plans including Special Plan Details
3. Supplemental Specifications
4. Standard Plans including Standard Construction Details
5. Standard Specifications Calculated dimensions will govern over scaled dimensions. The Contractor shall take no advantage of any apparent error or omissions in the Plans or Specifications. In the event the Contractor discovers such an error or omission, he shall immediately notify the Engineer. The Engineer will then make such corrections and interpretations as may be deemed necessary for fulfilling the intent of the Plans or Specifications.

S HEET ORDER When the plans for a contract are completed, the sheets are normally placed in a specific order. (The following list is used as a general guide and is sometimes changed to better fit an individual project).

• Cover
• Index (it may be shown on the Cover Sheet, if it’s a smaller project with few sheets)
• Revision Summary Sheet
• Typical Sections
• Summary of Quantities (Roadway and Signing & Marking)
• Detailed Estimate
• Traffic Assignments
• Aerial Photo Mosaics (on new location)
• Construction Layout Sheet

Chapter 1: Beginning to Read Plans

Chapter 1: Beginning to Read Plans 3

• County
• Congressional district
• Standard note directing attention to the Georgia DOT Standard Specification Book
• Project location sketch
• Box containing revisions
• Project limits (shown in large scale)
• Box containing the length of the project
• Federal Route Number (if applicable)
• State Route Number (if applicable)
• Signature Boxes for those responsible for the Design of the Plans
• Signature Box for the Chief Engineer or Responsible Official
• Date the Plans were completed
• Professional Engineer’s Stamp

If room is available, the following is included:

• Legend of Items used in the Plans
• Sheet Layout Diagram
• An Index, if the project is small enough

4 Chapter 1: Beginning to Read Plans

Turn to the COVER SHEET , Construction Plan Sheet 1 and see how many of the above features you can identify on your own.

Please answer the following questions: 1-1 What gives you the basic description of the project? 1-2 What gives you the beginning and ending project limits?

D ESCRIPTION

Looking at your set of plans you should have found this description.

You will note that the proposed project is for construction of SR 16 in Spalding and Butts Counties.

Figure 1-2. Description of Project.

PLAN AND PROFILE OF PROPOSED

S.R. 16

REHOBOTH ROAD TO INTERSTATE 75

Figure 1-1. Plan View of Project