Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
1
Experimental Networking (ECSE
4963)
Lab 1, Basic Linux and Networking
Commands
Shiv Kalyanaraman
Yong Xia (TA)
http://www.ecse.rpi.edu/Homepages/shivkuma
Aug 29, 2002
1
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Experimental Networking Lab 1: Basic Linux and Networking Commands and TCP/IP Protocols, Lab Reports of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
A lab handout from rensselaer polytechnic institute for experimental networking (ecse 4963) course. It covers the basic linux and networking commands, tcp/ip protocols, and socket programming. Students are introduced to various linux commands, networking tools, and concepts such as ip, tcp, udp, and icmp.
Typology: Lab Reports
Pre 2010
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Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
1
Experimental Networking (ECSE
Lab 1, Basic Linux and Networking
Commands
Shiv Kalyanaraman
Yong Xia (TA)
http://www.ecse.rpi.edu/Homepages/shivkuma
Aug 29, 2002
Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
2
Basic Commands
Linux commands
Networking commands and tools
Socket programming
An introduction project
Preview of the next lab
Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
4
Internet Protocols Stack
IP
TCP
UDP ATM
Satellite Ethernet
^
Packet-switched network ^
IP is the glue ^
Hour-glass architecture-^
all hosts and routers run IP
-^
IP runs over everything
^
Common IntermediateRepresentation
ICMP Cable
Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
5
TCP / UDP / IP
IP^
Unreliable, best-effort service
Connectionless: no per-packet or per-session state information insidenetwork, each IP packet is deliveredindependent of all other packets
Like post-office (USPS) mail
Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
7
TCP / UDP / IP
TCP^
Many versions: Tahoe, Reno, SACK, Vegas
Connection-oriented:
per-session
state
variables maintained at end-hosts (but not innetwork, unlike circuit-switched and virtual-circuit approaches)^
Aka
end-to-end
“connection” or
“association”
Reliably setup and tear down the end-to-end association
Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
8
TCP (contd)
^
Reliable:
uses:
^
ACKs (“sender
: receiver correctly got this packet”),
^
checksum (“receiver
: is this packet is correct or
wrong?”) and window (multiple packets in flight: pipelined) ^
Byte-stream:
no application-packet boundary like UDP
^
Congestion control:
reduce demand during overload,
to ensure stable statistical multiplexing of the network
Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
10
A Router Model
Input and output queues (buffers)
Switch fabric (forwarding / routing)
Scheduler
queue 1 queue 2^ …… queue k
Classifier
buffer management
I^1 I^2 I^ m
O^1 O^2 On
router
Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
11
Basic Networking Commands
^
ping – check if machine is alive ^
ifconfig – interface (ip addr / mask) configuration ^
arp – link / network layer address mapping ^
netstat – status info of network configuration ^
telnet – remote terminal ^
ftp – file transfer tool ^
route – set static route of a machine ^
traceroute – gather route information ^
tcpdump – dump packet header ^
nslookup – resolve DNS name of target hostname Key : What can you infer
about the network or end-to-
end properties
with these commands?
Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
13
Some Miscellaneous Hints
^
To check default gateway/static routes without beingdependent on DNS:
netstat -rn
^
If you get an error saying command not found, set thepath:
export PATH=$PATH:
^
Common directories where programs are found:
/usr/sbin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/local/bin
^
If you have root and want to start/stop/restart thenetworking modules : /etc/init.d/network start /etc/init.d/network stop /etc/init.d/network restart
Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
14
Project: Measuring RTT
^
Write program to measure round-trip time between two endhost on the Internet;^
Refer to ping: write a simple wrapper program.. ^
Propose a model for RTT prediction, i.e., give a sequenceof RTT measures, estimate the next RTT value.^
Measure several values of RTT. What can you sayabout the samples? If they are variable, what can youdo to reduce the variability of the RTT estimate? Time series model
Shivkumar Kalyanaraman
16