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Logic and Probability: Understanding Inductive Arguments and Fairness, Quizzes of Introduction to Philosophy

University of Kentucky (UK)Introduction to Philosophy

Definitions and examples of key terms related to inductive arguments, fairness, and probability in logic. Topics include 'risky' arguments, unbiased reasoning, independent and mutually exclusive events, inductive goodness, validity, sound arguments, gambler's fallacy, and the female bank teller and monty hall problems. Learn about independent and mutually exclusive formulas, conditional probability, and the implications of valid and invalid arguments.

Typology: Quizzes

2013/2014

Uploaded on 07/14/2014

mcmanusalbert 🇺🇸

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TERM 1

Inductive Argument

DEFINITION 1

"Risky" - doesn't make the conclusion true but makes it

probable

TERM 2

Unbiased

DEFINITION 2

all outcomes are equally likely to occur

TERM 3

All unfair arguments are either...

DEFINITION 3

1. Biased & Independent2. Unbiased & Dependent3. Biased &

Dependent

TERM 4

Independent

DEFINITION 4

Each sentence is free from influence by other outcomes(&,

and) X (multiplication problems)

TERM 5

Mutually Exclusive

DEFINITION 5

Two events are mutually exclusive if they cannot both

happen simultaneously(or, v) (addition problems)

Discover Quizzes of Introduction to Philosophy University of Kentucky (UK)

Logic and Probability: Understanding Inductive Arguments and Fairness, Quizzes of Introduction to Philosophy

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Inductive Argument

"Risky" - doesn't make the conclusion true but makes it

probable

TERM 2

Unbiased

DEFINITION 2

all outcomes are equally likely to occur

TERM 3

All unfair arguments are either...

DEFINITION 3

1. Biased & Independent2. Unbiased & Dependent3. Biased &

Dependent

TERM 4

Independent

DEFINITION 4

Each sentence is free from influence by other outcomes(&,

and) X (multiplication problems)

TERM 5

Mutually Exclusive

DEFINITION 5

Two events are mutually exclusive if they cannot both

happen simultaneously(or, v) (addition problems)

Inductive: Goodness? What makes an

inductive argument good?

- All true premises- Premises make the conclusion probable

TERM 7

Validity

DEFINITION 7

- if premises are true- it makes the conclusion certain

(necessary)

TERM 8

Sound Argument

DEFINITION 8

- All true premises- Validity

TERM 9

Gambler's Fallacy

DEFINITION 9

believing an outcome is more likely to occur because it

hasn't happened in a while or enough

TERM 10

Arguments: Deductive?

Inductive?

DEFINITION 10

Deductive: Risk FreeInductive: Risky, more probable

CP, & Problem Independent:

Yes

Pr(A) x Pr(B) ____________ Pr(A&B)

TERM 17

CP, & Problem Independent:

No

DEFINITION 17

Pr(A) x Pr( (A&B) / Pr(B) ) _______________________ Pr(A) x

Pr(B/A)

TERM 18

If an argument is valid and has a false

conclusion, what can you tell about the

premises?

DEFINITION 18

All premises can't be true.

TERM 19

If an argument is invalid and has all true

premises, what can you tell about the

conclusion?

DEFINITION 19

The conclusion is false.