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Basic Phlebotomy Test 2025 set
What is the correct order of draw? - answer ✅✅Yellow, Light Blue, Red, Tiger, Green, Lavender, Gray Which tubes contain serum? - answer ✅✅Red and Tiger Top Which tubes contain plasma? - answer ✅✅Yellow, Light Blue, Green, Lavender, Gray The hole in the bevel of the needle is called the - answer ✅✅Lumen The bigger the gauge of the needle the - answer ✅✅smaller the needle size The usual site for the capillary puncture in infants is __________. - answer ✅✅The heel
Yellow top tube: - answer ✅✅Contains SPS, used for blood cultures, inverted 8 times. Light Blue top tube: - answer ✅✅Contains Sodium Citrate, used for coagulation studies, inverted 3-4 times. Tests include: PT, PTT, Fibrinogen, Factor 8 Red (plain) top tube: - answer ✅✅No additive. Clot activator serum, used for chemistry panels. Glass tube = 0 inversions, Plastic tube = 5 inversions Tests include: Serology, HAV-HIV, Varicella, Chicken Pox,v Herpes, Syphilis, Pregnancy Tiger top tube: - answer ✅✅Contains SST Gel, used for chemistry panels. Inverted 5 times Tests include: Sodium, Potassium, Thyroid and Liver panel, T3, T4, T7, Cholesterol, Chem 6, 12, 20, Vitamins C, E, Bilirubin, Electrolytes, ASA blood levels, Lithium Green top tube: - answer ✅✅Contains Sodium Heparin, used for plasma chemistry, inverted 8 times. Tests include: Ammonia, blood pH, blood gases, Cortisol, & chromosome analysis Lavender top tube: - answer ✅✅Contains EDTA (sodium or potasssium), used for CBC, inverted 8 times.
What is the maximum amount of time a tourniquet can be left on? - answer ✅✅60 seconds What are the vein sites to draw from? - answer ✅✅Median Cubital (main) Basilic (pinky side/towards the body) Cephalic (thumb side) The most common antiseptic used in routine venipuncture is - answer ✅✅70% Isopropyl Alcohol A collection of blood just under the skin is called a - answer ✅✅Hematoma The breakdown/destruction of red blood cells is called - answer ✅✅Hemolysis What are the 3 layers of the heart? - answer ✅✅Epicardium - Outer layer Myocardium - Middle layer Endocardium - Inner layer Describe arteries - answer ✅✅Oxygenated (bright red), carry blood away from the heart, deeper than veins Desribe veins - answer ✅✅Deoxygenated (dark red), carry blood to the heart, superficial to the dermis
Flow of blood through the heart - answer ✅✅1. Superior & Inferior Vena Cava
- Right Atrium
- pass through the Tricuspid Valve
- Right Ventricle
- Pulmonary artery - > takes blood to lung
- lung - > exchange of gases takes place
- Pulmonary vein - > brings oxygenated blood to the
- Left Atrium
- Bicuspid Valve
- Left Ventricle
- Aorta - > stops the blood flow The function of the liver is to deliver - answer ✅✅oxygenated blood to the aorta How many chambers does the human heart have? - answer ✅✅4 (2 upper: Left & Right Atria) receive blood (2 lower: Left & Right Ventricles) send blood away What is the medical term for a heart attack? - answer ✅✅Myocardial Infarction
Tiny, one-cell-thick blood vessels are calleed - answer ✅✅capillaries Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood? - answer ✅✅Pulmonary vein Among the three types of vessels, what represent the proper direction of blood flow? - answer ✅✅Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules The left ventricle delivers blood to the - answer ✅✅Aorta Normal adult blood volume is approximately - answer ✅✅5 L Which cell is the most numerous in the blood? - answer ✅✅Red Blood Cells Where are leukocytes produced? - answer ✅✅In bone marrow What is the primary function of RBC's? - answer ✅✅to transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues Platelets are also called - answer ✅✅Thrombocytes The normal composition of blood is approximately - answer ✅✅55% plasma, 45% formed elements
When puncturing the skin with a sterile lancet, the medical assistant should puncture the: - answer ✅✅lateral or medial surfaces of the distal phalanges of the ring or middle finger A newborn diagnostic screening test done with capillary blood from an infant's heel to test for genetic or metabolism disorders is the: - answer ✅✅PKU (Phenylketonuria) Screening A screening test to determine anemia is: - answer ✅✅Hematocrit screening To obtain blood for a PKU test, the medical assistant should: - answer ✅✅Completely fill the collection paper until each circle has been entirely saturated When determining the Hematocrit (Hct) using a microhematocrit centrifuge, the MA should: - answer ✅✅Hold the hematocrit tube horizontally on a flat surface How much should a hematocrit tube be filled? - answer ✅✅3/4 full ________________ are tiny blood vessels that convey blood from arterioles to the venules. - answer ✅✅Capillaries
At what angle should the venipuncture needle be inserted? - answer ✅✅ 15 to 30 degrees If a blood test requires a fasting specimen, what is the best way to verify that the patient is fasting? - answer ✅✅Ask the patient when was the last time they had anything to eat or drink What is the term for an increase in the ratio of formed elements to plasma?
- answer ✅✅Hemoconcentration What is the term for the small red spots on the skin that are caused by a too-tight tourniquet? - answer ✅✅Petechiae What is the term for destruction of red blood cells due to a too-tight tourniquet? - answer ✅✅Hemolysis Which vein is the most common second choice when the median cubital vein is not appropriate for withdrawing a blood sample? - answer ✅✅Cephalic Vein Which vein lies on top of the brachial artery? - answer ✅✅Basilic What does a vein feel like upon palpation? - answer ✅✅It feels spongy and firm
If the needle is withdrawn before the tourniquet is removed, what is likely to occur? - answer ✅✅Hematoma What is the term for a collection of blood under the skin at the site of a venipuncture? - answer ✅✅Hematoma When should the blood collection tubes be labeled? - answer ✅✅At the patient's bedside, after taking the blood How should blood be transferred from a syringe to a vacuum tube? - answer ✅✅Remove the needle and attach a needless transfer device to the syringe Microorganisms that cause disease are called ____________. - answer ✅✅Pathogns Single-celled microorganisms that attach themselves to other organisms. - answer ✅✅Protozoa Simple plants that depend on other life forms for a nutritional source. - answer ✅✅Fungi A type of organism that depends on another living organism for nourishment. - answer ✅✅Parasite
What is the recommended depth for a heel puncture on a premature infant?
- answer ✅✅0.65 to 0.85 mm What is the acceptable width for a dermal puncture? - answer ✅✅2.4 mm Betadine may elevate results of which tests if used to clean the skin for a dermal puncture? - answer ✅✅Bilirubun, uric acid, phosphorous, potassium Among CBC, Blood Smears, Hemoglobin, and Glucose; which should be the first test to be collected in a dermal puncture? - answer ✅✅Blood Smears What screening test measures the overall integrity of primary hemostasis? - answer ✅✅Bleeding time Which of the following is the standard incision size for a bleeding time test?
- answer ✅✅1.0 mm deep by 5.0 mm long What is considered a normal bleeding time? - answer ✅✅6 minutes Bedside glucose is usually performed on patients with what condition? - answer ✅✅Diabetes
When performing a BTT, what pressure should the BP cuff be inflated? - answer ✅✅40 mm Hg What is the usual site for performing a standard BTT? - answer ✅✅Forearm, just below the AC space What is the proper technique to perform a BTT? - answer ✅✅Record the time when blood is no longer absorbed by the filter paper. At what intervals should blood be wicked with filter paper when performing a BTT - answer ✅✅30 seconds
