PCN-107 Final Exam Quizzes &
Answers.
Primary differences between classical and operant conditioning Answer - Classical
conditioning: the organism learns an association between the Unconditional stimulus
and Neutral Stimulus( that occurs before the natural response).
Operant conditioning: the organism learns an association between behavior and its
consequences. (behavior changes because of the consequences that occur after it).
Examples of positive reinforcement Answer - adding something to the environment
to increase a target behavior (pellets)
Examples of negative reinforcement Answer - removing something from the
environment that increase the target behavior (taking a pain reliever to reduce pain)
Examples of positive punishment Answer - adding something to the environment to
decrease a target behavior (adding spicy polish to nails)
Examples of negative punishment Answer - removing something from environment
to increase target behavior (teen is grounded for misbehavior)
Explain what a reinforcement schedule is Answer - different patterns of timing of
reinforcement at following a desired behavior
Define extinction Answer - occurs when a previously conditioned response decrease
in frequency and eventually disappears
What is the bobo doll experiment? When were children most likely to initiate the
behavior of a model? Answer - The Bobo doll experiment was the collective name of
experiments conducted by Albert Bandura in 1961 and 1963 when he studied
children's behavior after watching an adult model act aggressively towards a Bobo
doll, a toy that gets up by itself to a standing position when it is knocked down.
Children were most likely most likely to inmate behavior when the adult is the same
gender, nothing happened to the adult when they hit the doll (they did not get
punished for hitting the doll), children watch thier models
What are the advantages of a token reward system? Answer - Tokens aren't
rewarding in themselves, they represent something we want. People can become full
of rewards and lose motivation so tokens are harder to reach satiation.
List the strengths and limitations of behavior therapy Answer - Strengths:
measurable, works well with children, animals, and people of developmental
problems
Weakness: simplifies people
