Download BIO 252 Exam 3: Sensory Systems and Perception and more Exams Biomedicine in PDF only on Docsity!
BIO 252 EXAM 3 CHAMBERLAIN
sensory vs. perception - Correct answer for perception to happen, the sensory signal must reach the cerebrum adaptation - Correct answer the ability to no longer perceive sensations due to prolonged exposure free nerve endings - Correct answer pain, temperature changes, tickle, itch encapsulated nerve endings - Correct answer touch, pressure, vibration special sensory cells - Correct answer used to create special sensory reception exteroceptors - Correct answer sensations from outside the body interoceptors - Correct answer sensations from inside the body proprioreceptors - Correct answer where your body is in space and time mechanoreceptors - Correct answer stretch (touch, pressure, vibrations, stretch, proprioception) osmoreceptors - Correct answer osmolarity thermoreceptors - Correct answer temperature chemoreceptors - Correct answer chemicals photoreceptors - Correct answer light nociceptors - Correct answer pain, fast (acute-sharp stabbing) referred pain - Correct answer the pain is broadcast to spots on your skin just over the organs or even far from it
Referred pain liver and gallbladder - Correct answer right upper quadrant/ right shoulder referred pain of stomach - Correct answer inferior to the xyphoid process and intermediate to the scapulae referred pain of the small intestines - Correct answer umbilicus region referred pain of the kidneys - Correct answer superior to umbilicus and wraps around body down to thigh referred pain of ureters - Correct answer inguinal region, inferior aspect of the rectus abdominus referred pain of bladder - Correct answer five areas superficial to sacral region lower portion of umbilicus region central in the inguinal region two bilateral glute muscles tactile receptors - Correct answer touch, pressure, vibration, itch, and tickle free nerve endings - tactile (itch, tickle), nontactile - temperature change, pain - Correct answer root hair plexuses- sense movement on skin by movement of hair corpuscles for touch - Correct answer meissner's corpuscle- light touch, low frequency vibration type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors - Correct answer merkel cells- pressure Type II cutaneous mechanoreceptors - Correct answer Ruffini corpuscles- light and deep pressure (baroreceptors) lamellated corpuscles - Correct answer pacinian corpuscle- vibration complex tactile sensations - Correct answer combination of the previous nerve endings- gives surfaces textures
physiology of vision - Correct answer 1. Light must be refracted (bent) precisely so it is focused on the fovea centralis and macula of the retina
- Light is refracted first and most by the cornea, then the aqueous humor in the anterior cavity, then the lens, and then the vitrous humor in the posterior cavity
- Changing the shape of the lens helps us accommodate for near, intermediate, and far vision.
- The Accommodation Reflex.
- Eye optics causes the image to be inverted on the retina
- The cerebral cortex (brain) corrects this inversion so objects are seen in their correct orientation
- Incorrect focusing on the retina results in poor vision.
- Corrective lenses (glasses) fix incorrect focusing by bending the light and directing it toward the fovea. olfaction - Correct answer olfactory chemoreceptors cells send the signal to olfactory nerve, olfactory bulb, olfactory tracts, limbic system, and temporal and frontal lobes gustatory receptor cells send the signal to - Correct answer fascial nerve (CN VII)- anterior 2/3 of tongue, glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) posterior 1/3 of tongue and pharynx, and vagus nerve (CN X) epiglottis after the gustatory receptor cells send signals to the cranial nerves it will pass the signal to the - Correct answer medulla oblongata, thalamus, and parietal lobe papillae - Correct answer bumps on the tongue vallate papillae - Correct answer 12 of them each containing 100-300 taste buds fungiform papillae - Correct answer scattered all over the tongue and contain about 5 taste buds each foliate papillae - Correct answer located in the lateral trenches of the tongue and degenerate in early childhood
filiform papillae - Correct answer cover the entire tongue surface, contain NO taste buds but rather function to increase friction to move food and contain tactile receptors taste sensations - Correct answer sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami sound travels from the - Correct answer outer ear, down auditory canal, tympanic membrane (ear drum), to the middle ear, eustachian tube; ossicles oval window; round window, to the inner ear; bony labyrinth and cochlea , organ of corti the maculae of the utricle and saccule detect - Correct answer linear acceleration or deceleration of the head cristae in semicircular canals detect - Correct answer rotation otoliths present in semicircular canals help detect - Correct answer head rotation vertigo - Correct answer loss of sense of balance or "spinning" of the room causes of vertigo - Correct answer stroke, encephalitis, and toxins or drugs like alcohol maculae degeneration - Correct answer "Dark spots" in vision caused by a destruction of the macula lutea wet and dry wet macular degeneration - Correct answer caused by poorly constructed capillaries dry maculae degeneration - Correct answer destruction without leaky vessels general functions of the endocrine system - Correct answer metabolism, growth, sleep, mood, tissue function, reproduction, stress, fluid dynamics primary endocrine structures - Correct answer Structures whose roll is only in the production of hormones: Pineal gland, Pituitary gland, Thyroid gland, Parathyroid gland, and Adrenal gland
