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BIOL102 Portage Learning Final Exam
Quiz
Match each of the following terms with the correct description. Deletion mutation Occurs from a loss of nucleotides within a gene. Nonsense mutation Occurs when a mutation turns the intended codon into a ‘stop’ codon. Missense mutation Occurs when one amino acid is replaced with another. Point mutation Occurs when a single nucleotide is changed with a gene. Match each of the following terms with the correct description. Neuroendocrine signaling Long-term signaling that involves ligands being stored in neurons. Endocrine signaling Long-term signaling that regulates sexual maturation. Paracrine signaling Local signaling that allows ligands to diffuse to nearby target cells. Autocrine signaling Local signaling where the ligand-releasing cell and the target cell are the same.
Match each of the following phases of an action potential with the correct description.
or requested.
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Answer: False; Passive surveillance denotes techniques in which data reporting is mandated or requested. OR Active surveillance denotes a system in which health officers or other public health officials execute procedures to gather pertinent health data. Which sequence immediately signals the end of transcription? Your Answer: Answer: Polyadenylation sequence Fill in the blank neurotransmitters decrease the electrical threshold, and neurotransmitters increase the electrical threshold. Your Answer: Answer: Excitatory; inhibitory What are the two main ways that neurotransmitters are cleared from the synapse? Your Answer: Answer: Inactivating enzymes and reuptake via neurotransmitter transport channels. True or False, if false, explain why it is false. Chemoreceptors restore homeostasis through negative feedback and direct communication with the hypothalamus. Your Answer:
host, person
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Multiple Choice: Which binding site of the large ribosomal subunit functions to hold the tRNA carrying the amino acid that is to be added next to the growing chain? E- site T- Site P- Site A - Site True or false: Exocrine glands are ductless structures that secrete hormones directly into the surrounding extracellular fluid or bloodstream. Your Answer: Answer: False, Endocrine glands are ductless structures that secrete hormones directly into the surrounding extracellular fluid or bloodstream. Multiple Choice: Which of the following ions is involved in rigor mortis? Potassium Question 13
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Sodium Match each of the following terms to the correct definition. Response the physiological adjustment that a system makes to return a value to its set point range. Sensor the anatomical or physiological machinery that detects the stimulus. Stimulus A fluctuation above or below normal ranges. Set point A range of acceptable values determined by genetics. Multiple Choice: Which of the following drug schedules has a low abuse potential? I II III Correct Answer IV
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V
Fill-in-the-Blank: is the study of how disease is distributed within a population. Your Answer: Answer: Epidemiology What is the relationship between a genotype and a phenotype? Answer: The precise sequence of the genetic information is called the genotype. In contrast, the observable characteristics resulting from the genotype are collectively known as a phenotype. Regulation of oxytocin and its role in milk secretion is run by what type of feedback mechanism? Answer: It is regulated by positive feedback Fill-in-the-Blank: The pressure of a ventricular contraction is called pressure. On the other hand, the pressure that occurs as the artery walls recoil back to their original size is called pressure. Your Answer: Answer: systolic; diastolic Describe a heat-conserving mechanism used by the body when a drop in body temperature is detected. Answer: Constriction of blood vessels pulls warm blood away from the skin, therefore conserving heat to maintain function of vital organs.
nucleotide bases? Helicase DNA ligase
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Telomerase Topoisomerase During active labor, oxytocin is secreted by the pituitary gland. This stimulates the uterine muscles to contract. Uterine contractions cause the baby’s head to push on the mother’s cervix. Nerve signals from the cervix are sent back to the brain. The brain triggers the release of more oxytocin which starts the cycle all over again. What type of feedback loop does this represent? What would cause the feedback loop to stop? Answer: This is an example of a positive feedback loop. It would stop once the baby is born and nervous signals from the cervix to the brain cease. True or False; If false, explain why the statement is false: Acetylcholine works the same way at the neuromuscular junction and on cardiac cells. Your Answer: Answer: False; The function of ACh at the synapses of cardiac cells is completely different than its mode of action at the neuromuscular junction. Within cardiac muscle, ACh has an inhibitory effect and does not bind to ligand-gated receptors of the cardiac cells. Which hormone produces a sensation of hunger? How does it work to produce this feeling? Your Answer: Answer: Ghrelin is a hormone secreted by cells of the stomach that stimulates the neurons of the hypothalamus to stimulate feelings of hunger. Multiple Choice:
