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BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
Class 11 Biology | NEET Notes
✍️️ ️️ TAXONOMY️ ️️️ :️️
→ Science of identification, nomenclature & classification 📌 Coined by A.P. de Candolle 📌 Helps in studying biodiversity & evolution 📌 Mnemonic: T-I-N → Taxonomy = Identification + Nomenclature + classification
✍️️ 2.️ TAXONOMIC️ HIERARCHY️ :
KINGDOM → PHYLUM → CLASS → ORDER→ FAMILY → GENUS → SPECIES Level Key Point Kingdom : Largest Species : Smallest & basic unit
📌 Mnemonic :
K eep : kingdom
P ot : phylum
Cl ean : class Or : order
NEET GURU
F amily : family G ets : genus S ick : species 📌 Lower rank → More similarities 📌upper rank→ Least similarities ✍️️ 3.️ BINOMIAL️ NOMENCLATURE ️ : 📌 Carolus Linnaeus 📌 Two words: Genus (Capital) Species (small) 📌 Italics (print) 📌 Underline (handwritten) 📌 Example : Mangifera indica 📌 Mnemonic: G-C / S-s → Genus Capital, species small ✍️️ 4.️ TAXONOMIC️ AIDS️ : 📌 Herbarium → dried plant sheets 📌 Botanical Garden → living plants 📌 Museum → preserved specimens 📌 Zoo → living animals 📌 Key → identification (couplets)
✍️️ 7.️ FUNGI️ : Eukaryotic Heterotrophic (absorptive) Cell wall = Chitin Body = Hyphae → Mycelium 📌 Yeast = unicellular fungus 📌 Mnemonic: FUNGI → Feed Using No Green leaves ✍️️ 8.️ PLANTAE️ : Autotrophic Cell wall = Cellulose Chlorophyll present 📌 Mnemonic: PLANTS = Photosynthesis + Cellulose ✍️️ 9.️ ANIMALIA️ : Multicellular Heterotrophic No cell wall Mostly motile 📌 Mnemonic: ANIMALS = Active & No Cell wall
FIVE KINGDOM CLASSSIFICATION :
📗 MCQs (NEET LEVEL)
1. Who proposed 5-kingdom classification?
A. Linnaeus B. Whittaker 📌 C. Woese D. Darwin
2. Cell wall absent in:
A. Bacteria B. Fungi C. Animalia 📌 D. Plants
A. Monera B. Protista 📌 C. Plantae D. Fungi ⭐️ NEET️ EXAM️ TIP️ (VERY️ IMPORTANT) Expect 1–2 direct MCQs from this chapter Focus on: o Binomial rules o Monera vs Protista o Cell wall composition o Hierarchy order
