bkank uselezs document, Study notes of Computer science

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ISSUES IN

COMPUTING

Outline:

1. Health Issues
2. Software Piracy
3. Privacy Issues
4. Malware
5. Environmental Issues
6. Code of Conduct 2

Repetitive Stress Injuries (RSI)

 A group of ailments caused by continuously using the body in ways it was not designed to work.  Example: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 4

RSI

 (^) Symptoms include stiffness and swelling in the wrists and other joints.  (^) RSI occurs if:

**1. Users are carrying out repetitive tasks

2. Have positioned the keyboard so that they are** **at an awkward angle.
3. Are squeezing a mouse too tightly.
4. TUC data shows that 78% of younger workers** have jobs that involve repetition and more that 2 million workers are forced to work in awkward positions.

RSI – Mini Case

 In 2006, 8 yr-old Isabelle Taylor from Lancashire, developed RSI after sending up to 30 texts a day for 2 years.  Experts said that youngsters who overuse gadgets can suffer inflammation in the upper arms and wrists adding that the thumb is particularly susceptible.  What advice would you give to Isabelle’s mother to reduce the risk of damage to her daughter’s health?

Back Problems

 Sitting at a computer for a long period of time can lead to back problems.  The symptoms are back pain or stiffness, possibly in the neck and shoulders.  Back Pain occurs if:

**1. Users use PCs for a long period of time

2. Adopt a bad posture
3. Have their seat at an incorrect height.**

Back Problems – Mini Case

 “Bad posture while sitting at a computer is more likely to lead to back pain than lifting and carrying heavy objects” say the British Chiropractic Association.  What should an employer in an office based environment, provide to its staff in order to prevent back problems?

Eye Strain

 Looking at a computer screen for a long time can lead to eye strain.  The symptoms can include headaches and sore eyes  Eye strain occurs if:

1. Lighting in the room is at the wrong **level

2. The VDU is of poor quality and flickers
3. Text is too small to read easily.**

Epilepsy

 Flickering screens can contribute to the frequency of attacks  The use of low emission monitors and screen filters is likely to reduce the risk of triggering an attack

Stress

 9 out of 10 users say they are regularly annoyed by a computer related issue.  Issues include:

**1. Slow performance

2. System crashes
3. Viruses
4. Pop-up ads**

Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs)

 Electromagnetic fields are created during the generation, transmission, and use of low-frequency electrical power.  It exist near power lines, electrical appliances and any piece of equipment that has an electric motor.  It has a magnetic field is that raises the health concern 16

ERGONOMICS

 Is the study of the physical relationship between people and their tools – such as their computers.  The term ergonomically correct means that a product is design to work properly with the human body, and this reducing the risk of strain and injuries. 17

 (^) Designers need to be aware of users health when they design software.  Screen layouts should be clear so that eye strain is minimised  Colour schemes should not be too bright and should have good contrast to prevent eye strain  Help facilities should enable learning to prevent stress  Menu systems should be logical to prevent stress  Drop down lists can reduce data entry so prevent RSI

SOFTWARE PIRACY

 Is the illegal copying of computer programs and operating systems. 20