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Media Access Company is an enterprise specializing in providing and designing network infrastructure solutions - systems for companies in VietNam. They are partners of large enterprises in communication, web and email services... In addition, they also rent out services to provide private servers, network equipment, security, storage... with diverse configurations, corresponding space at the data centers, in accordance with the needs of customers, ensuring high safety and security.
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1. Define Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services — including servers, storage, databases, networks, software, analytics, and intelligence — through the Internet. You usually only pay for the cloud services you use, where users can easily access the system, data warehouse anywhere, not limited by space or time. 2. History In 1963, DARPA (the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency), funded MIT to develop technology that would allow multiple users to use the computer simultaneously. It was the forerunner of "cloud computing", but was then used with the term "virtualization". The meaning of virtualization began to change in the 1970s, with businesses starting to offer “virtual” private networks as a rental service. The use of virtual computers became widespread in the 1990s, leading to the development of modern cloud computing infrastructure. During the late 1990s, the cloud gradually became more popular as companies understood more about the benefits it brought. They use it to create deals and provide software programs with end users when they need it without having to move. It can be said that "Cloud" was developed from "E-Commerce" when in 2002, Amazon started to introduce its web retail service and then in 2006 they continued to launch Amazon Web Services,
a site that provides a variety of cloud-based services including storage, computing, and “human intelligence.” After that, other big companies like Google, IBM, and Microsoft also started to apply the Cloud to their products and services, especially around the early 2010s. Around the same time, cloud security was taken into account. Concerns about poor security on public clouds are a strong driver of the use of private clouds. Over the past few years cloud security has evolved significantly and now offers protection comparable to traditional IT security systems.
3. Principles of Cloud Computing The Guidelines represent an opportunity for cloud customers to migrate their computing to the cloud and for the cloud provider to successfully deploy a cloud environment. Federation Each cloud has a limited capacity, and as customer demand increases, the computing environment will have to provide a link capable of collaborating and sharing resources at any time regardless of type. any picture of them. Linkage is needed when an organization extends its computing model from private to public cloud. At the same time, it makes the application to be handled remotely and allows it to move from site to site. In addition, federation must be carried out safely and independently.
Productivity Cloud computing eliminates the need for hardware and software operations, management, and maintenance tasks, so IT teams can spend time focusing on expertise and developing goals. important business of the enterprise. Performance The largest cloud services run on a worldwide network of secure data centers, regularly upgraded to the next generation of faster, more efficient, and more secure hardware. This offers a number of benefits over a corporate data center, including reduced network latency for applications and greater economies of scale. Reliability Intermediaries specializing in providing Cloud and Server services always have measures to help users back up and protect data. Data backed up in the cloud can ward off cyberattacks and help maintain business continuity. Security A wide range of rules, tools, and controls are provided by many cloud service providers, strengthening your overall security posture and defending your infrastructure, apps, and data from potential threats.
5. Cloud Ecosystem Individuals and companies using cloud services is responsible and interactive members of the cloud ecosystem. Cloud service provider (CSP): provides a cloud-based platform, infrastructure, application, or hosting service Cloud service users: an end user who has registered for the Cloud Service and has an Online Store account in the Territory. Cloud service partner (CSN): Are individuals and organizations that provide support for building CSP cloud services 6. Cloud Architecture Cloud computing architecture is a combination of service-oriented architecture (SOA) and event- driven architecture (EDA).
Cloud computing architecture is divided into 2 parts: Frontend: The frontend of the cloud architecture is the client side of the cloud computing system. It provides a GUI so that users can interact with the cloud o Client Infrastructure is the main component of the frontend. It includes all user interfaces and applications used by users to access and use services and resources in the cloud. Examples: web servers, thin & fat clients, tablets and mobile devices... Backend: Backend refers to the service provider's cloud. It is a place to store, as well as manage and provide cloud computing services. It includes many other sub-components: aplication, service, runtime cloud, storage, infrastructure, maanagement, security, internet, etc. o Application: The application can be any software or platform that the customer wants to access. o Service: Service in the backend refers to the three main types of cloud-based services such as SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS. It also manages the services requested by the customer. o Runtime Cloud: provides execution environment and Runtime for Virtual Machines. o Storage: provides a huge amount of storage in the cloud for storage with flexible scalability and can manage the stored data.
Operating system virtualization is most frequently used to test applications across many platforms and operating systems. In this case, the hardware includes software that enables the operation of several apps. Server Virtualization This type of virtualization involves the masking of server resources. Here, the identity number and processors of the central server (physical server) are changed to create many virtual servers. Therefore, each system can independently run its own operating system. When the identity of the central server is known by each sub-server. By transferring primary server resources to a sub-server resource, it improves performance and lowers operating costs. It helps with virtual migration, lowers energy use, lowers infrastructure costs, etc. Storage Virtualization An array of servers that are controlled by a virtual storage system is known as storage virtualization. The servers operate more like worker bees in a hive because they aren't aware of exactly where their data is kept. It simplifies using and managing storage from several sources as a single repository. Despite modifications, malfunctions, and variations in the underlying hardware, storage virtualization software ensures seamless operations, consistent performance, and a continual array of sophisticated functionalities.
8. Network model Peer-to-peer computing Peer to peer networks are usually formed by groups of a dozen or less computers. These computers all store their data using individual security but also share data with all the other nodes. Advantages of Peer-to-Peer Computing: This network is quite easy to set up and maintain. The cost of the server is saved. It's very extensible Increase the system's ability to share data The buttons work independently Disadvantages of Peer-to-Peer Computing: It is difficult to backup the data as it is stored in different computer systems and there is no central server. It is difficult to provide overall security in the peer-to-peer network as each system is independent and contains its own data. Client-server computing
The term Client/Server is used to describe a computer model for the development of computerized systems. This model is based on the allocation of functionality between two types of independent and autonomous processes: Server and Client. A client is any process that requests specific services from a server process. Server is a process that provides requested services to Client. Client and Server processes can reside in the same computer or in different computers linked by a network. When Client and Server processes reside on two or more independent computers in a network, the Server can provide services to multiple Clients. In addition, a client can request services from several servers on the network regardless of the location or physical characteristics of the computer on which the host process resides. The network links the server and the client together, providing the means by which the client and server communicate. Grid computing A network of connected computers called a grid can be used to accomplish complex tasks like weather modeling or data analysis by acting as a virtual supercomputer. By assembling and using massive computer grids over the cloud, you may avoid the effort and cost of buying and deploying the necessary equipment yourself and just pay for what you use, if necessary. Processing time is also greatly decreased by dividing jobs among several machines, which boosts productivity and reduces resource wastage. Grid computing initiatives often don't have a time dependency like parallel computing projects do. When not in use, they only utilize the grid's computers, and when they are, operators can carry out duties unrelated to the grid. Projects involving grid computing often don't have a time dependency, in contrast to parallel computing. Operators can undertake work unrelated to the grid at any time, and they only use computers that are a part of the grid when they are not in use. When employing computer grids, security must be taken into account because member node controls are frequently relatively lax. Redundancy should also be included because numerous machines could disconnect or stop working while processing data. Distributed computing In a distributed computing model, various computers or nodes share the components of a software system. The software components may be dispersed among various computers located in various places, but they operate as a single system. This is carried out to raise
It is very difficult to find out which component is faulty. Infrastructure can grow as more servers are needed for management and monitoring. High-performance computing In order to solve complex problems in science, engineering, or business, high performance computing most commonly refers to the practice of combining computing power in a way that yields performance that is significantly higher than what could be obtained from a typical desktop computer or workstation. Parallel computing When a bigger problem is divided into smaller, independent, frequently comparable components that can be worked on concurrently by several processors connected by shared memory, the process is known as parallel computing. The completed results are integrated as a component of a larger method. Increasing the amount of computation power available for quicker application processing and problem solving is the main objective of parallel computing. The majority of parallel computing infrastructure is kept in a single datacenter, where numerous processors are located in a server rack. The application server distributes compute requests in small pieces, which are subsequently executed concurrently on each server. Advantages of Parallel Computing: Save time and money Can take advantage of external resources Increase hardware performance II. Plan to switch from old infrastructure to cloud system
1. Focus and distributed storage Focus storage All of an organization's data is stored in a single place such as a mainframe or server. Users in remote locations access data through a Wide Area Network (WAN) using the application programs provided to access the data. The centralized database (mainframe or server) can fulfill all the requests coming to the system, so can easily become a bottleneck. But since all the data is in a single place, it's easier to maintain and back up the data. Furthermore, it is easier to maintain the integrity of the data because once the data is stored in a centralized database, the obsolete data will not be available elsewhere. Distributed storage Data is stored in storage devices located in different physical locations. They are not attached to a common CPU but the database is controlled by a central DBMS. Users access data in a distributed database by accessing a WAN. To keep a distributed database up to date, it uses replication and replication processes. The replication process identifies changes in the distributed database and applies those changes to ensure that all distributed databases look the same. Depending on the number of distributed databases, this process can become very complex and time consuming. The cloning process identifies a database
as the primary database and clones that database. This process is not as complicated as replication but ensures that all distributed databases have the same data. Difference between focus and distributed storage While a centralized database keeps its data in storage devices in a single location connected to a CPU, a distributed database system keeps its data in storage devices. Storage can be located in different geographical locations and managed using a central DBMS. Centralized databases are easier to maintain and update because all data is stored in a single location. Furthermore, it is easier to maintain data integrity and avoid data duplication requests. However, all data access requests are handled by an entity such as a single mainframe, and so it can easily become a bottleneck. But with distributed databases, this bottleneck can be avoided because the databases are parallelized making the load balance between several servers. But keeping data up to date in a distributed database system requires extra work, thus increasing maintenance costs and complexity and also requires additional software for this purpose. Furthermore, database design for distributed databases is more complex than for centralized databases.
2. Virtualized and non-virtualized storage features Virtualized storage Virtualized Storage has a file system. The file system can either be an NFS or a virtual cluster file system. It enables organization to remove the traditional boundaries of physical storage devices, by abstracting them as a single and centralized pool of storage capacity Non- virtualized storage Non-virtualized storage doesn’t have a file system unlike Virtualized storage. It is simply the opposite of virtualized storage. From the name itself, non-virtual, it means the storage is not abstract. 3. CAPEX and OPEX CAPEX The term "capex" stands for capital expenditure. The expense a business incurs to purchase assets that will be useful beyond the present year is known as a capital expenditure. Property, Plant, and Equipment, or PP&E, is another name for capital expenditures. Capital expenditures occur when a business makes an investment, uses collateral, or takes on debt to buy new property or raise its worth over time. Therefore, capital investments are often long-term ones in the company. Additionally, CapEx IT investment frequently involves the one-time acquisition of a single, expensive fixed asset during a single tax year, with minimal ongoing expenses throughout that time. The characteristics of CAPEX: Long Term - Guaranteed to provide benefits in the current tax year. Approval - CapEx-based IT spending often takes a very long time to approve
Financial Statements - OpEx purchases are reflected in the profit and loss statement (earnings statement). They are deducted from income as they occur. Difference between CAPEX and OPEX CAPEX OPEX Stands for Capital expenditure Capital expenditure Meaning Expenses associated with investments whose returns are anticipated to extend longer than a year. Benefits used up within the same year they are acquired or incurred as part of daily operating costs. Paid for Upfront, whether through cash from savings or retained profits or taking on debt. Pay-as-you-go pricing, ongoing costs that are covered by income as they occur. Amount paid Huge investments that often tie up cash in long-term investments. Relatively small, ongoing payments (monthly, quarterly, annually) Opportunity cost Often involves overbuying now to meet future capacity requirements then. Frees up cash flow to invest in other areas because there is no large, upfront payment. Ownership and responsibility Purchasing gives the buyer ownership, complete accountability and control, as well as access to and the ability to develop upgrades for both owned hardware and software. Hardware and software system updates, upgrades, and replacements are the responsibility of a vendor, like a cloud provider. Accounting treatment Recorded in the balance sheet as assets, only appearing in income statements as deductions. Recorded in profit and loss statements as expenses Taxation treatment Deductible over the lifetime of a tangible asset. Amortized over the life of an intangible asset. Deducted in full within the same year they are incurred. Returns on Investment Gradual over the life cycle of the asset. Earned in shorter billing cycles. Financing Capital or borrowed cash from financial institutions. Retained profits, savings, soft loans, bank overdraft. III. Cloud’s Model
1. Model deployment 1.1. Private cloud Computing services delivered to a small group of customers only via a private internal network or the Internet as opposed to the broader public are referred to as private cloud services. Private cloud computing, also known as an internal or corporate cloud, offers businesses many of the advantages of a public cloud, such as self-service, scalability, and elasticity, with the additional
control and customization available from dedicated resources over an on-premises computing infrastructure. As a single-tenant environment, a private cloud does not share resources with any other users besides the company using it (the tenant). There are numerous ways to host and manage those resources. The private cloud may be built on resources and infrastructure that are already existent in the on-site data center of an organization or on brand-new, distinct infrastructure that is supplied by a third-party company. The single-tenant environment can occasionally be enabled merely using virtualization software. In any instance, a single tenant or user has exclusive access to the private cloud and its resources. Advantages of Private Cloud: More control: Since only a limited number of users may access private clouds, they have more control over their infrastructure and resources than public clouds. Security and privacy: Private clouds are more secure than public clouds in terms of security and privacy. Performance improvement: Private clouds offer superior performance with faster speeds and more storage space. Disadvantages of Private Cloud: High cost: as a result of the high setup and maintenance costs of hardware resources. Restricted operational area: Private cloud that is only available within the organization is a restricted operational area.
