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Programs often need to make decisions and execute different code blocks based on certain conditions. This is achieved using decision control structures. RELATIONAL AND LOGICAL OPERATORS RELATIONAL OPERATOR
- Used to compare 2 values OPERATOR EXAMPLE RESULT( If A=5, B=10) == A == B FALSE != A != B TRUE > A > B FALSE < A < B TRUE >= A >= B FALSE <= A <= B TRUE LOGICAL OPERATOR
- Used to combine multiple simple values OPERATOR MEANING DESCRIPTION && LOGICAL AND TRUE ONLY IF ALL CONDITIONS ARE TRUE II LOGICAL OR TRUE IF AT LEAST ONE CONDITION ! LOGICAL NOT REVERSES THE LOGICAL STATE OF OPERAND Example: (if A = 5, b = 10, c = 15) (A < B) && (B < C) // true (A > B) II (B < C) // true ! (A == B) // true IF CONTROL STRUCTURE The if statement is used to execute a block of code only if a specified conditions is true.
TEMPLATE:
if (condition) { // Code to be executed if the condition is true }
DECISION CONTROL STRUCTURES - C++
Language
Sunday, June 28, 2026 10:47 AM
int number = 10; If(number > 0) { cout << "The number is positive."; } IF-ELSE STATEMENT
- Provides an alternative block of code to execute if the condition is false. TEMPLATE: if(condition) { // Code if condition is true } else { // Code if condition is false }
int number = - 5; If(number >= 0) { cout << "Non - negative number."; } else { cout << "Negative number."; } // Output : Negative number. IF-ELSE-IF STATEMENT
- Checks multiple conditions in sequence. TEMPLATE: if(condition1) { // Code if condition1 is true } else if {condition2) { // Code if condition2 is true } else { // Code if all above conditions are false }
int score = 85; char grade;
TEMPLATE:
switch (expression) [ case constant1: // Code to be execute if expression == constant break; // Exit the switch block case constant2: // Code to execute if expression == constant break; // ….more cases….. default; // Code to execute if no case matches // The default case is optional. }
char op = ''; int a = 10, b = 5; switch (op0 { case '+': cout << a + b; break; case '-'; cout << a - b; break; case '': cout << a * b; // This will execute: 50 break; case '/': cout << a / b; break; default: cout << "Invalid operator!"; // Output : 50 NESTED SWITCH
- A switch statement can be inside another switch statement.
TEMPLATE:
switch(expression1) { case constantA: // Code for case constantA switch(expression2) { // Nested switch case constant X: // Code for nested case break; // …. Other nested cases… } break; // … other outer cases … }
