Calt Exam 2024 Questions with 100% correct Answers, Exams of English Literature

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Calt Exam 2024 Questions with 100% correct

Answers

alphabetic language - ANSWER-English; meaning symbols and letters reflect pronunciation of a sound; ESL students' first lang may not be alphabetic because they use symbols; phonological knowledge must be taught, so alphabet needs to be taught Alphabetic Principle - ANSWER-an understanding that letters and letter patterns represent the sounds of spoken words. Analytic Phonics - ANSWER-In this approach, instruction begins with the identification of a familiar word. The teacher then introduces a particular sound/spelling relationship within that familiar word Synthetic Phonics - ANSWER-In this systematic and explicit approach, students learn to transform letters and letter combinations into sounds and then the sounds together to form recognizable words. Teach individual parts and build to whole auditory discrimination - ANSWER-The ability to hear differences in sounds auditory span - ANSWER-the number of words, numbers, or sounds a student can hold in his working memory. Can limit dictation or note taking. blend - ANSWER-two or more sounds that are frequently grouped together- each sound can be separated into its individual components cedilla - ANSWER-a diacritical mark (,) placed below the letter c to indicate that it is pronounced as an s circumflex - ANSWER-the code marked placed over vowels to indicate an unusual pronunciation compensatory approach - ANSWER-one does not attempt to remediate the problem but instead recommends modifications within the learning environment which allows the student to be successful Cloze Procedure - ANSWER-The use of semantic and syntactic clues to aid in completing sentences."Fill in the blank" Coding - ANSWER-putting code marks on words- encourages kinesthetic

combination - ANSWER-a pattern of letters which occurs frequently together. They form an unexpected sound (vr's, qu, wh) comorbid - ANSWER-two or more disorders in the same individual consonant - ANSWER-sounds that are blocked or partially blocked by the tongue teeth and lips Decoding - ANSWER-using the sound/symbol system and structural analysis to unlock unfamiliar words (synthetic) derivative - ANSWER-adding a prefix or a suffix to a base word diacritical markings - ANSWER-a mark indicating pronunciation dieresis - ANSWER-two dots over an a (a) diphthong - ANSWER-The sound produced by combining two vowels in to a single syllable or running together the sounds. (ow, oi) discovery method - ANSWER-Presentation of new material which can be deduced or discovered by the students (Socratic Method) Dolch List - ANSWER-high frequency word list which may be regular or irregular crossed, mixed dominance - ANSWER-the student who is NOT right handed, right eyed, and right footed or left handed, left eyed, left footed Dyscalculia - ANSWER-unusual difficulty with math, probably originating from a distinct part of the brain Encoding - ANSWER-to spell (analytic) etymology - ANSWER-the study of word origins Fernald - ANSWER-developed a kinesthetic system for teaching the deaf by tracing words. Orton used her work as his kinesthetic model and was influenced by her work. Grapheme - ANSWER-Letter or group of letters used to spell a phoneme. A written representation of a sound using one or more letters. irregular words - ANSWER-Words that contain letters that stray from the most common sound pronunciation; words that do not follow common phonic patterns (e.g., were, was, laugh, been).

linguistics - ANSWER-study of the production, properties, structure, meaning and use of language. "Multisensory letter introduction" Mathew Effect - ANSWER-the widening gap over time between strong and weak readers- rich get richer, poor get poorer metalinguistic awareness - ANSWER-the ability to reflect on the use of language; meta: thinking about. This includes phonological awareness, decoding, encoding mnuemonics - ANSWER-a device used to assist memory Modality - ANSWER-the sense a person is using (auditory, visual, kinesthetic) Morpheme - ANSWER-in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a single phoneme, single syllable, or multisyllabic. A word may have more than one morpheme (sleepiness) morphology - ANSWER-the study of the structure of words (prefixes, suffixes, root words) orthography - ANSWER-the conventional spelling system of a language; the study of spelling and how letters combine to represent sounds and form words (only domain at written level) phoneme - ANSWER-in language, the smallest distinctive sound unit Phonemic Awareness - ANSWER-The ability to hear, identify,and manipulate the individual sounds, phonemes, in oral language. phonological awareness - ANSWER-an umbrella term that includes the ability to hear rhyme, to count syllables, and blend/unblend sounds Phonetics - ANSWER-the study of the sounds of a language- 44 speech sounds Phonics - ANSWER-the instructional method that teaches the use of writen symbols to represent the speech sounds for reading and spelling phonogram - ANSWER-synonym for grapheme Phonology - ANSWER-study of speech sounds, the rules and patterns of speech sound combinations and production- larger umbrella term than phonics- unconscious set of rules and patterns that automatically occur in spoken language- a in sank sounds different than in cat print awareness - ANSWER-word boundaries, left to right, top to bottom- CHALLS stage 1

unvoiced, voiced - ANSWER-voiced sounds require the vibration of the vocal cords during their production. All vowels are voice. Some consonants are voiced. Wild Old Words - ANSWER-Anglo-Saxon- long i or o when unexpected; : mind, most, kind RAN - ANSWER-Rapid automatized naming Domains of Language - ANSWER-form (syntax, morphology, phonology), content (semantics), use (pragmatics) receptive language - ANSWER-comprehension of spoken language expressive language - ANSWER-how we express language; the ability to use sounds, signs, or symbols to communicate meaning Ladder of Language Acquisition - ANSWER-first on ladder bottom up- oral receptive- (listening), oral expressive-(speaking), written receptive (reading), written expressive (spelling, writing) top of ladder interactive components of language- - ANSWER-together they compose language form- observable features of language content- meaning component of language use- pragmatics pragmatics of language - ANSWER-social use of language- conversational skills, figurative language, feelings/emotions P-Possum - ANSWER-Pragmatics, phonology, orthography, semantics, syntax, uh uh dont need u, morphology Chall reading Stage 0- 6 months-6 years - ANSWER-pre-reading, pretends to read, retells story when looking at previously read book, names letters of alphabet, recognizes some signs, prints name, plays with books, pencils, and paper Chall reading stage 1-grades 1-2.5 - ANSWER-initial reading and decoding- learns relation between sounds and letters and between printed and spoken words- can read simple text containing high freq words and phonetically regular words; uses skill and insight yo sound out new one syllable words Chall reading stage 2- grades 2.5- 3 - ANSWER-confirmation and fluency- Child reads simple familiar stories and selections increasing fluency. Consolidating basic decoding elements, sight vocabulary, and meaning context

Chall reading stage 3- grades 4-8 - ANSWER-reading for new learning- reading is a tool for acquiring new knowledge

result of BRAIN DAMAGE- a- aquired

Echolalia - ANSWER-automatic and immediate repetition of what others say- echo- related to autism dysphasia - ANSWER-difficulty in learning both receptive and expressive oral language, despite adequate hearing, intelligence, socio-cultural opportunity otitis media - ANSWER-inflammation of the middle ear aphasia - ANSWER-impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area (impairing speaking) or to Wernicke's area (impairing understanding). result of brain injury or disease Alexia - ANSWER-the loss of the ability to read, usually the result of brain injury