Canine Behavior and Development, Exams of Nursing

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CPDT-KA prep Correct Questions &

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E-collars should be considered - ANSWERSAs a last resort, and part of the punishment tier of the humane hierarchy According to the Humane hierarchy, the first step in training is to - ANSWERSConfirm that the dog is in good health and receiving proper nutrition The CCPDT code of ethics requires all of the following - ANSWERSRefraining from use of derogatory cultural terms Regular updating of client contact lists Recommending other trainers with more experience The humane hierarchy states that the following comes immediately before using positive reinforcement training to establish a new behavior - ANSWERSManagement such as gates and crates The following is an unacceptable aversive method which could cause your CPDT-KA certification to be revoked - ANSWERSEar pinch method of dumbell retrieve Is it acceptable to receive a percentage of income from referrals to another professional

• ANSWERSNo Telling a new client about the harsh training methods of another dog trainer is considered - ANSWERSDefamation of a colleague and unethical Once you have become a CPDT-KA, you must recertification by - ANSWERSEarning 36 CEUS every 3 years. If a client with a disability wants to attend your group class you should - ANSWERSHelp the client by providing a reasonable accommodation to mediate her disability To protect your clients identity at all times you should never - ANSWERSKeep registration forms where class members can see them True or False. It is permissible to bring noted into the CPDT-KA exam testing center. - ANSWERSFalse True or False. It is permissible to turn clients away if you don't like their lifestyle choices or breed of dog. - ANSWERSFalse

True or False. A CPDT-KA should acquire written permission prior to photographing or videoing clients - ANSWERSTrue

• Positive - ANSWERSAdding something to the environment giving something to the learner.

• Negative - ANSWERSTaking something away from the environment. Removing or withholding something from the learner. Reinforcer - ANSWERSSomething the learner will work to earn. Something the learner finds pleasurable. Something that strengthens the likelihood that a behavior will repeat. Punisher - ANSWERSSomething the learner will work to avoid. Something the learner finds aversive. Something that diminishes the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated Primary reinforcer - ANSWERSFood, reproductive opportunity, water, physical and emotional security, and play Secondary reinforcer - ANSWERSA stimulus that has been paired with a primary reinforcer. A clicker, a simple behavior Tertiary reinforcer - ANSWERSA behavior or stimulus that has been paired with a secondary reinforcer Stimulus - ANSWERSSomething that elicits a behavior Response - ANSWERSThe behavior elicited by a stimulus Antecedent - ANSWERSSomething that comes before a behavior. Often a stimulus or a cue. Behavior - ANSWERSSomething that the learner does in response to the antecedent. Consequence - ANSWERSWhat occurs in response to the behavior Unconditioned - ANSWERSA stimulus or response that has meaning but is not learned. Often initiates a reflex Conditioned - ANSWERSA stimulus, response etc. that has been taught to have meaning to the learner. Neutral - ANSWERSA stimulus that has no learned or reflexive meaning to the learner Counter conditioned - ANSWERSA stimulus response that has a new redefined meaning than previously learned.

Desensitization - ANSWERSPresentation of low levels of a conditioned stimulus. The learner can avoid responding Habituation - ANSWERSAllowing dog to get used to it Overlearning - ANSWERSMaking the lesson so strong in the learners mind that they know it in all environment Eustress - ANSWERSGood stress. A prime internal state for learning Distress - ANSWERSBad stress Elicited behavior - ANSWERSInvoluntary reflex or emotion-uncontrolled Emitted - ANSWERSVoluntary choice Extinction - ANSWERSDecrease the intensity and frequency of a behavior by removing reinforcement Extinction burst - ANSWERSEarly stage of extinction. Initial surge of extreme behavior. For example an owner is ignoring her dogs barking and the barking is getting worse. Spontaneous recovery - ANSWERSExtinct behavior comes back. Back sliding Premack principle - ANSWERSA more likely behavior can reinforce less likely behavior. Thorndike's Law of Effect - ANSWERSBehaviors are more likely to be repeated if they lead to satisfying consequences and less likely to be repeated if they lead to unsatisfying consequences Classical conditioning - ANSWERSDog ascribes meaning to a neutral thing according to how it made the learner feel. Operant learning - ANSWERSLearning that occurs as the learner operates within their environment and they respond to their consequences If a client complains that her dog barks at people passing by the front window, the first thing you should recommend is - ANSWERSCover the windows with curtains, blinds or privacy film A dog pulling against a halter moves back toward the owner to remove pressure on the nose. The handler then gives the dog a treat. This is - ANSWERSNegative reinforcement followed by positive reinforcement A reflex is an unlearned, involuntary behavior. In classical conditioning it is called a - ANSWERSUnconditioned response

Variable reinforcement - ANSWERSReinforcement after some number of correct responses In classical counter-conditioning, the correct order of presentation is - ANSWERSConditioned stimulus followed by the unconditioned stimulus Which of the following best describes food, water, and sex - ANSWERSPrimary reinforcers True or False Classical learning can change visceral responses including cellular responses - ANSWERSTrue Though used as a secondary reinforcer in operant learning, the clicker is initially classically conditioned. Before being paired with food, the clicker is a - ANSWERSNeutral stimulus A clients dog barks and runs the fence with the neighbors dog. You recommend reinforcing breaks in the barking with a treat and a release to "go bark" This is called - ANSWERSPremack principle The premack principle states - ANSWERSMore probable behaviors will reinforce less probable behavior. A dog is offering a down when you hand signal without a lure. What is the best way to add a verbal cue? - ANSWERSVerbal, signal, response, (down) reward Immediately after reinforcement, learners on a fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement tend to - ANSWERSPause A dog is pulling on a leash to greet a stranger. The owner responds by asking the stranger to wait until the dog stops pulling. The dog sits and the owner tells the stranger that he can approach. What is being demonstrated? - ANSWERSPulling on leash is being negatively punished and sit for greeting is being positively reinforced True or False Classical conditioning always has a continuous rate of reinforcement - ANSWERSTrue 2 puppies are playing. Puppy A bites too hard. Puppy B yelps and walks away. They begin playing again after a pause and puppy A is more careful. Puppy B... - ANSWERSNegatively punished puppy A for biting too hard A dog is lunging and barking on leash while wearing a prong collar. His owner is applying gentle pressure in an attempt to stop the behavior but the dog continues to bark and lunge. This is an example of what - ANSWERSLearned irrelevance

You have confirmed that a dog is healthy and ready for training. The next step in your training protocol should be - ANSWERSInstall management A dog barks at skateboards. The trainer let's the dog see a skateboard that is not moving and immediately presents food. She then removes the skateboard and immediately stops giving food. This is an example of - ANSWERSDesensitization and counter conditioning A dog approaches a garbage can. It blows over in the wind and the dog runs away. The dog no longer approaches the garbage can. What happened? - ANSWERSThe dog was positively punished for approaching garbage cans While working on counter conditioning to a stimulus, it is possible for the unconditioned stimulus (the food ) to become "poisoned". This means - ANSWERSThe food begins to predict the conditioned stimulus Teaching a dog to go to mat instead of barking at the doorbell is an example of - ANSWERSDifferential reinforcement of an incompatible behavior Whether or not something is a reinforcer or a punisher is determined by - ANSWERSThe learners opinion You are teaching a clients dog to go to crate. Each time the dog steps inside the crate, you mark the behavior and toss a treat in the crate. Over time, the dog is going to the crate more and more. You treat each time. Finally you are able to treat the dog after he is fully inside the crate and close the door. This is an example of - ANSWERSShaping using positive reinforcement A dog moves in with a new family and for the first week barks at the mailman. The second week the dog just looks up and notices the mailman. The third week the dog sleeps through the mail man's visit. This is an example of - ANSWERSHabituation Placing the dog physically on the dogwalk in agility is an example of - ANSWERSPrompting A normal body temperature for a dog would be - ANSWERS When a client tells you they want to stop their dog from barking hysterically at the mailman every day, you suggest they pull their curtains around the time the mailman shows up. This is - ANSWERSManagement Megan lives near a fire station and whenever the siren goes off her dog ginger howls and lunges at the front door. She continues to do this until the noise stops. This is - ANSWERSR-

Which protazoan infection in puppies can manifest as large amounts of diarrhea or loose stools - ANSWERSGiardia This type of reinforcement creates unpredictability which keeps the dog motivated - ANSWERSVariable ratio A dog exhibiting some arousal while responding well to cues is most likely in a state of - ANSWERSEustress One drawback to the head halter is - ANSWERSThey often require a period of adjustment Dogs who didn't receive enough socialization as a puppy are typically - ANSWERSNeophobic Dogs owner taught her to take treats nicely from her hand like this. She closed her fingers around and would not let her have the treat until she stopped grabbing so roughly. This is what? - ANSWERSNegative punishment Cpdt endorses the American veterinary society of animal behavior's recommendation not to use shock prong or choke collars as a first line of training for dogs because - ANSWERSPeople and dogs could get hurt. And it can prevent the dog from learning. Typically when a dog hears a clicker for the very first time, how will he respond? - ANSWERSHe will typically not respond at all. To teach her puppy to lie down, she watches the puppy throughout the day then clicks and treats when the puppy lies down. This is called - ANSWERSCapturing Whenever puppy pees in the house, owner yells NO in a loud voice, then quickly takes him outside and gives him a treat for peeing more. This is - ANSWERSPositive punishment followed by positive reinforcement This indicates that a primary reinforcer has been earned - ANSWERSSecondary reinforcer Owner has taught dog to sit using a hand signal. Now she wants him to sit using a verbal cue so she says "sit" while she gives him the hand cue. This will not teach him to sit on the verbal cue alone because of - ANSWERSSalience Dogs that have round eyes that blink are generally - ANSWERSRelaxed In dogs previous home, he was hit with an umbrella for peeing on the floor. Now when he sees an umbrella, he lives his lips and his ear go back. This is - ANSWERSClassical conditioning

When on leash at the park dog likes to jump on people. Owner wants to discourage this so she walks between dog and people so she is unable to jump. This is - ANSWERSManagement The bulk of the questions on the CPDT -KA will be about - ANSWERSInstruction and learning theory Possible substitutions for a clicker when training a deaf dog might include - ANSWERSFlashlight, thumbs up , gentle tap on the dogs nose, foot stomp or other vibration. If you need to reschedule your exam date during the 2-week testing period you should :

• ANSWERSCall psi at least 48 hours in before your scheduled testing date and ask to change. If you're holding a group class that's scheduled to begin at 9 am and only 3 students arrive on time, you should - ANSWERSStart the class anyway An owner is discouraged over her dogs progress in training and admits she is considering a different approach. What is the first thing the trainer should discuss with the owner? - ANSWERSWhat is causing the discouragement and what is the dogs actual progress If a training exercise is explained and the demonstrated, owners will be - ANSWERSApt to remember the process Empathetic listening is - ANSWERSPaying attention, repeating, and then responding to the emotions behind the words. How should a dog trainer best serve an owner with limited mobility - ANSWERSPolitely discuss options and agree on reasonable accommodations When dealing with a student who cotinues to interrupt class with unrelated conversation, a trainer should - ANSWERSRedirect the student back to class with a demonstration A trainer notices that one of the dogs in her class appears very uncomfortable with other dogs. Though the owner is able to get the dogs attention, he us jumpy when sniffed. The first thing the trainer should try is - ANSWERSPlace the dog and owner behind a visual barrier and see if the dog becomes more comfortable. If an instructor must keep a tight schedule, which of the following is the best way to handle a client who handles a relevant question that will require an extensive answer - ANSWERSPolitely explain that there is not enough time but that you will follow up with her at a layer time

It is now believed that ancient candids became domestic dogs as they scavenged closer to human settlements more successfully. This process is known as - ANSWERSSelf- domestication It is believed that ancient wolves first began to evolve into proto dogs around - ANSWERS20,000 - 30000 years ago The Balyeave fox experiment showed that selecting for tameness also created changes in - ANSWERSFox appearances and behavior True or False: The terms adolescent and juvenile are interchangeable - ANSWERSFalse One of the ways in which wolves and dogs differ is - ANSWERSDogs play throughout their lives The earliest fossil evidence of the domestic dog is believed to be - ANSWERS12000- 14000 years old An example of a breed with superior scenting ability and typically good around other dogs is A. Great Dane B. Kuvasz C. Foxhound or D. Pomeranian - ANSWERSC. Foxhound A sudden behavior change in an adult dog can indicate - ANSWERSA change in the dogs environment The social structure of wolves and dogs was once thought to be based on power struggles for dominance. It is now known that their structure is - ANSWERSMore similar to human relationship struggles True or False: No new breeds are currently being developed - ANSWERSFalse Due to the domestication process, dogs have developed which ability? - ANSWERSThe ability to bond with a different species. Puppies should leave the breeder to live with their new human family at the beginning of the 2nd socialization stage. This begins at - ANSWERS8 weeks A fear impact period is defined by - ANSWERSHypersensitivity to startling and scary stimuli One difficulty trainers experience while working with owners of miniaturized dog breeds is helping them see that A: They should not pick little dogs up B: They should not dress their dog in costumes C: They need special equipment to train their dogs or D: They need to let their dogs experience scent games - ANSWERSD: They need to let their dogs experience scent games

Common behavior problems in senior dogs include all of the following except Senior dogs can become incontinent Senior dogs growl more Cognitive dysfunction Pain related behavior changes - ANSWERSSenior dogs growl more Which of these could negatively impact proper development Supervised appropriate play with other dogs The use of reinforcers in training A lack of consistency and of proactive training Training puppies too early - ANSWERSA lack of consistency and of proactive training Puppies eyes and ears are closed when they are first born. During which stage of development do eyes and ears open - ANSWERSTransitional True or False The concept of dominance does not actually occur in domestic dogs - ANSWERSFalse The heaviest and largest breeds are usually classified as types of Spitz dogs Hounds Mastiffs or Livestock guard - ANSWERSMastiffs Common causes of developmental behavioral difficulties can include Sleep deprivation Too much maternal attention Early deworming Isolation during the first socialization period - ANSWERSIsolation during the first socialization period True or False Wolves usually live in unrelated packs so dominance hierarchy is very important to them

• ANSWERSFalse Sexual behavior usually develop during which developmental stage - ANSWERSJuvenile During which stage of development does the first fear impact period usually occur - ANSWERS2nd socialization One of the many differences between dogs and wolves is that dogs - ANSWERSExhibit more conspecific aggression A conditioned response is one that is

Learned by association Taught with a clicker Reflexive Purely emotional - ANSWERSLearned by association An example of a normal behavior that is problematic is A. Playfulness B. Turning around before lying down C. Barking D. Lying on the owners bed - ANSWERSC. Barkinf If an unbred, intact female dog has an increase in nesting and guarding behaviors, she could be experiencing A. Pseudopregnancy B. Whelping C. Bloat D. Territoriality - ANSWERSA. Pseudopregnancy What are the core vaccination for dogs? - ANSWERSParvovirus, distemper, canine hepatitis, and rabies. Core vaccinations include A. Bordatella B. Influenza C. Hepatitis D. Lyme - ANSWERSHepatitis Each time a dog walks nicely on leash, the owner praises and releases the dog to "go sniff". Walking nicely on leash increases. This is an example of A. Thorndikes law of effect B. Premack Principle C. Classical learning D. Desensitization - ANSWERSB. Premack Principle A CPDT-KA is NOT permitted to A. Use average tools such as prong collars B. Recommend specific feeding regimens C. Discriminate against specific methods D. Recommend particular treats - ANSWERSB. Recommend specific feeding regimens When working with a client who has been struggling to use a clicker, a trainer may suggest trying A.Collar corrections B. Target sticks C. Verbal marker D. Shock collars - ANSWERSC. Verbal marker

The best reinforcement schedule to maintain a learned behavior is A. Continuous B. Variable ratio C. Differential ratio D. Fixed interval - ANSWERSB. Variable ratio An owner is having problems with play biting from her 10 week old puppy. The trainer recommends yelping loudly and discontinuing play whenever the puppy bites skin. This is an example of A. Positive reinforcement B. Negative reinforcement C. Positive punishment D. Negative punishment - ANSWERSD. Negative punishment Using management including crates and gates is which tier of the humane hierarchy? - ANSWERSSecond Operant learning relies exclusively on A. Emitted behavior B. Elicited behavior C. Both elicited and emitted behavior D. Neither elicited or emitted behavior - ANSWERSA. Emitted behavior Aggression between dogs is called A. Intra-specific B. Inter-specific C. Predatory D. Possesive - ANSWERSA. Intra-specific Generalizing behavior include training through all of these variables except A. Duration B. Distraction C. Discrimination D. Diversity - ANSWERSC. Discrimination Which of the following best describes a remote shock Collar? A. Will elicit an aggressive response. B. Should fit loosely so the dog does not realize it is being worn C. Is a tool that should be outlawed D. May have unexpected side effects - ANSWERSD. May have unexpected side effects The first and most important thing to remember when dealing with a difficult client is to A. Refer them to another trainer B. Explain why you are right C. Control your temper

D. Refuse to allow them back in class - ANSWERSC. Control your temper The following tool should not be considered as an option for stopping barking at the front window A. Window privacy film to block the dogs vision B. Leading the dog to the owner s waist C. Crating the dog during high traffic times D. Tethering the dog in the front yard - ANSWERSD. Tethering the dog in the front yard The optimal level of arousal for training a dog is when the dog is in a state of A. Distress B. Relaxation C. Hunger D. Eustress - ANSWERSD. Eustress A dog barks at the TV and the owner turns the TV off. Barking at the TV increases in the future. This is an example of A. Positive reinforcement B. Positive punishment C. Negative reinforcement D. Negative punishment - ANSWERSC. Negative reinforcement At what age is the socialization window closed for puppies, making it very difficult to establish bonding with people - ANSWERS14 weeks As you begin teaching a new exercise in group class, the first thing you should do is A. Explain what problem the exercise will fix B. Explain the necessary training steps C. Demand all students pay attention D. Tell them to read their homework. - ANSWERSA. Explain what problem the exercise will fix A neutral stimulus is one that A. Has neither a learned nor reflexive meaning B. Has a learned meaning C. Has a reflexive meaning D. Has both a learned and reflexive meaning - ANSWERSA. Has neither a learned nor reflexive meaning The CCPDT Code of ethics includes provisions for all of the following except A. Guarantees that training will satisfy the goal B. Accommodations will be made for persons with disabilities C. Full disclosure of conflict of interest D. Protecting client confidentiality - ANSWERSA. Guarantees that training will satisfy the goal

The ancient people in what geographical area are responsible for developing sight hound? - ANSWERSEgypt Describing a dog as a fear-biter is usually A. The best way to avoid unrealistic expectations from the owner B. The recommended label for dogs who are aggressive towards children C. To be avoided since it is not helpful D. Better than using complicated ethological terms. - ANSWERSC. To be avoided since it is not helpful Which of these is an example of negative reinforcement? A. Turning away from a dog who is jumping up B. Removing the treat to change the behavior C. Letting go of the collar once he calms down D. Squirting a dog with water for barking - ANSWERSC. Letting go of the collar once he calms down The following tool is not a good choice for a fearful dog A. DAP diffuser B. Freedom harness C. Crate D. Retractable leash - ANSWERSD. Retractable leash In a house hold, the children shout the dogs name all day long. The owner complains that the dog no longer pays attention when she calls the dog. This is an example of A. Learned irrelevance B. Habituation C. Flooding D. Distress - ANSWERSA. Learned irrelevance The self domestication theory suggests that ancient candids became domestic dogs because A. Humans stole canid cubs from dens to raise as pets B. Tamer canids benefited from scavenging around human settlements C. Canids were drawn toward friendly human children D. Canids that were less dominant with people were fed more. - ANSWERSTamer canids benefited from scavenging around human settlements When selecting a demo dog in class, the trainer should choose A. A dog that us obviously fearful and can use the confidence building B. A well-trained dog that will make the trainer look good. V C. A dog who is barking and pacing on its leash D. A dog that is receptive to the trainer but is learning the skill for the first time. - ANSWERSD. A dog that is receptive to the trainer but is learning the skill for the first time

During the neonatal stage, puppies cannot see, hear or - ANSWERSRegulate their own body temperature If a dog yawns out of context, such as during play or in class, they are most likely A. Tired B. Stressed C. Angry D. Happy - ANSWERSB. Stressed How should a dog trainer handle an owner with limited mobility A. Discuss a variety of options and agree how to best work together B. Refer the owner to another trainer C. Tell the owner to bring a friend to assist D. Explain to the owner that he will have to pay for extra attention - ANSWERSA. Discuss a variety of options and agree how to best work together A dog pulling against a prong collar moves back toward its handler to remove the pressure. The handler then gives the dog verbal praise and an ear scratch. This is an example of which quadrants, in what order and why. - ANSWERSNegative reinforcement. Dog stops pulling, pressure goes away. Positive reinforcement. Dog stops pulling, gets praise The true definition of dominance is - ANSWERSPriority access to resources Trial and error learning results in improved performance of a task. This is - ANSWERSThorndikes law of effect If a dog is leaning forward, ears back , tail slowly wagging and growling, which of these is probably true? A. The dog us conflicted and in eustress B. The dog is conflicted and should be treated as dominant C. The dog us conflicted and should be given space to feel comfortable D. The dog is conflicted but probably wants to play - ANSWERSC. The dog is conflicted and should be given space to feel comfortable Use of harsh aversives during puppy training and socialization will most likely result in A. A dog who understands that humans are in charge B. A dog who refuses to listen to adults C. A dog who engages freely in clicker training D. A dog who views the world as confrontational - ANSWERSD. A dog who views the world as confrontational Which of these is not a signal we naturally share wirh dogs? A. Yawning B. Agnostic pucker

C. Play bows D. Looking away - ANSWERSC. Play bows Habituation is A. A step-by-step protocol for changing behavior B. A dog getting used to something in the environment C. A aversive method of training D. When a behavior becomes habitual - ANSWERSB. A dog getting used to something in the environment When tail wagging is non existent and the tail is tucked, the dog may be experiencing A. Conflict B. Happiness C. Relaxation D. Dominance - ANSWERSA. Conflict An owner is discouraged over her dogs progress and admits she is ready to quit. The trainer, however, feels the dog has improved. Which of the following is most likely to encourage the owner to keep training A. Referring the owner to another trainer B. Explain that the trainer is an expert C. Tell the owner that everything is fine D. Point out changes in behavior and explain how they fit in the big picture - ANSWERSD. Point out changes in the behavior and explain how they fit in the big picture A dog that is left alone begins vocalizing and the owner runs back into the room. Vocalizing when alone increases. The vocalizing behavior has become A. Negatively reinforced by the owners return B. Positively punished by the owners return C. Negatively punished by the owners return D. Positively reinforced by the owners return - ANSWERSD. Positively reinforced by the owners return Two owners continually talk in class while the instructor is giving a demonstration. The instructor should A. Ask the owners if they have any questions she can answer B. Ignore the owners and try to talk over them C. Refer the owners to a different instructor if they are bored D. Stop talking and look at them until they have finished - ANSWERSA. Ask the owners if they have any questions she can answer A dog with a double thick coat , square body, and an independent nature may be descendent of this General breed group A. Hound B. Livestock herding

C. Spitz D. Toy - ANSWERSC. Spitz Why is it important to avoid slang when teaching classes A. You want to come across as condescending B. You want to sound professional and avoid alienating clients of a different generation C. You don't want to sound intelligent D. You don't want to be approachable to all groups of people. - ANSWERSYou want to sound professional and avoid alienating clients of a different generation The first tier in the Humane hierarchy addresses A. Management B. Nutrition C. Extinction D. Crates and gates - ANSWERSB. Nutrition An auditory learner will retain information best if A. Instructions are verbally explained B. A demonstration is given. C. He is walked through a skill D. He is given instructions to read. - ANSWERSA. Instructions are verbally explained An example of an unconditioned stimulus is A. A clicker before the dog has heard it B. A doorbell after 3 weeks of living in the house C. A bowl of food the dog likes D. The veterinarian office at the puppies first visit. - ANSWERSC. A bowl of food the dog likes Canine signs of stress include all but which of the following A. Shaking off B. Scratching C. Grooming D. Lolling tongue - ANSWERSD. Lolling tongue Labeling clients with the term resistant will A. Allow you the freedom to refer to another trainer B. Limit what you learn about them C. Establish yourself as the expert D. Put them in their place - ANSWERSB. Limit what you learn about them Border Collies were bred for their ability to expertly perform which part of the predatory sequence? A. Stalk B. Kill C. Hunt - ANSWERSA. Stalk

The social structure of the typical domestic dog and it's owner most closely resembles A. A grade school buddy relationship B. A parent child relationship C. An employer employee relationship D. A co worker relationship - ANSWERSB. A parent child relationship What is the maximum new exercises or behaviors you teach per night in a group class. - ANSWERSThree Managing a reactive dog in a group class might include A. Telling the owner to medicate the dog ahead of time B. Using s barrier to limit the dogs visual stimulation C. Correcting the dog with a prong collar D. Shaming the owner in front of the other students - ANSWERSB. Using a barrier to limit the dogs visual stimulation The risks involved with holding a group class outdoors include all but the following A. Breaking leash laws B. Owners dropping their leashes C. Dogs walking on contaminated soil D. Bite risks to neighboring children - ANSWERSA. Breaking leash laws Which of the following is NOT a different between dogs and wolves? A. The frequency of their breeding cycles B. Dietary preferences C. Playfulness D. Coat colors - ANSWERSB. Dietary preferences In a private consult at a client home, the teenager is unusually sullen and non communicative. You should A. Confront the child and tell him to snap out of it B. Ask him how he thinks that makes the dog feel C. Ignore the moodiness and try to engage him with humor D. Make a joke about how bad you were as a teen. - ANSWERSC. Ignore the moodiness and try to engage him with humor When registering clients for a basic manners class, which of the following information is most important to class safety? A. Training history B. Breed of dog C. Reproductive status of the dog D. Aggression history - ANSWERSD. Aggression history A puppy can become infected by hookworms when A. It walks through infected soil

B. It eats an infected mouse C. It shares a bowl with an infected puppy D. It drinks from an infected stream - ANSWERSIt walks through infected soil All of the following are connected with operant conditioning except A. Punishment B. Changing automatic responses C. Chaining a new behavior D. Decreasing emitted behavior - ANSWERSB. Changing automatic responses Once paired with an unconditioned stimulus, a neutral stimulus becomes - ANSWERSA conditioned stimulus Requiring a dog to sit before leashing him for a walk would be considered a - ANSWERSContingency Which of the following is NOT true about intra-specific aggression A. It is usually directed towards all dogs B. Dogs without littermates have a higher risk of developing it C. It is similar in some ways to inter specific aggression D. A tight leash could be a factor - ANSWERSA. It is usually directed towards all dogs A dog is trying to smooth over agonistic tension. Which of the following is he least likely to display A. Sniffing B. Piloerection C. Yawning D. Tongue flicking - ANSWERSB. Piloerection A client recently got a dog, and says he noticed during the first few days that the dog barked and growled at the umbrella stand near the front door. However, after a few days, the dog stopped barking at the umbrella stand and now completely ignores it. This is an example of A. Learned irrelevance B. Positive reinforcement C. Adaptation D. Habituation - ANSWERSD. Habituation In order to create a classical association you would - ANSWERSFollow a neutral stimulus (clicker) With an unconditioned stimulus (food) In classical counter conditioning, the order of presentation is important. The correct order of presentation is - ANSWERSConditioned stimulus followed by the unconditioned stimulus