Canine Behavior and Training Principles, Exams of Advanced Education

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CPDT-KA Exam Review 2023

Clapping your hands excitedly to get your dog to come is: A. Prompting B. Capturing C. Fading the Lure D. Primary Reinforcer - A. Prompting According to the Humane Hierarchy, environmental factors are: A. Between positive reinforcement and negative punishment B. Directly above negative reinforcement C. Above classical conditioning D. At the bottom of the hierarchy - C. Above classical conditioning A client just got a puppy and after the first week you ask her, "How is everything going?" She says, "It's great!" and doesn't say anything else. What should you say next? A. "That's terrific! So now lets start working on sit." B. "Wonderful! So what's going on with house training?" C. "You just got a puppy... I doubt everything's great." D. "Excellent! Let's pick up where we left off last week." - B. "Wonderful! So what's going on with house training?" Belyayev found that his domesticated foxes: A. Developed curly tails and floppy ears B. Were still afraid of humans C. Bore many resemblances to gray wolves D. Developed longer legs and narrow chests - A. Developed curly tails and floppy ears Empathetic listening is all of the following except: A. Listening with focus. B. "Reading" between the lines C. A great way to build relationships with clients. D. A skill to use only when dealing with difficult clients. - D. A skill to use only when dealing with difficult clients. Whenever Brian has the TV on a high volume, Lucky howls until Brian turns it down. This is:

A. Positive reinforcement. B. Negative reinforcement. C. Positive punishment. D. Negative punishment - B. Negative reinforcement. You notice a Sheltie in your class is lunging at any dog who walks near her and then barks relentlessly at them. You should: A. Tell the student to pay more attention to what the dog is doing. B. Warn the other students to stay away from the Sheltie. C. Suggest the student keep more space between her dog and the others. D. Ask the Student to leave class and sign up for private lessons. - C. Suggest the student keep more space between her dog and the others. When a dog displays "whale eye," it's best to: A. Reassure him. B. Call the vet. C. Give him space. D. Remove his food. - C. Give him space. According to the CCPDT Code of Ethics, client information: A. Is always confidential B. Is confidential except if a veterinarian asks for it. C. Is only confidential if the client has stated so in writing. D. Is important only when training service dogs. - A. Is always confidential. Something unconditioned is: A. Without criteria. B. A neutral stimulus. C. Not learned. D. An emotional response. - C. Not learned Social Media: A. Is something to avoid as a trainer. B. Is great for networking as long as you're careful about what you say. C. Should be used only when addressing controversial issues. D. Is your own personal business and nothing to do with training. - B. Is great for networking as long as you're careful about what you say. Shaking off, lip licking, and yawning are considered:

A. Counter-conditioning B. Confrontational. C. Distance-decreasing behaviors. D. Calming signals - D. Calming signals. A dog knows the hand gesture for stay. Now you want to teach him the verbal cue. You should: A. Use the verbal "stay" followed by the hand gesture. B. Use the hand gesture followed by the verbal "stay." C. Use the verbal "stay" and if no response, add the hand gesture. D. Use the hand gesture and if no response, add the verbal "stay." - A. Use the verbal "stay" followed by the hand gesture. It's important for clients in your group class to: A. Get their dogs to master a behavior before leaving class. B. Stay at the same level as other students in the class. C. Learn to deal with all distractions. D. Practice as often as possible in their home - D. Practice as often as possible in their home A client says to you, "How much longer do I have to keep giving my dog treats?" You should say: A. "As long as I tell you to." B. "As long as you want a well-trained dog." C. "Probably just another few weeks." D. "Your dog is doing so well, and the treats keep him motivated." - D. "Your dog is doing so well, and the treats keep him motivated." Eva is afraid Ziggy will unintentionally knock down her one-year-old nephew. So when the nephew comes to visit, Eva puts Ziggy in his crate with a peanut butter-filled Kong. This is: A. Positive reinforcement B. Management C. Classical conditioning D. Luring - B. Management Once a dog can generalize and discriminate a behavior, he has: A. Behavior control B. Antecedent control C. Stimulus control D. Unconditioned response - C. Stimulus control

If you ask a dog to heel for several minutes and then let him run free, this is: A. Pavlov's discovery B. Thorndike's Law C. Watson's Theory of Behavior D. Premack Principle - D. Premack Principle When holding a class, you should: A. Always start on time B. Wait for stragglers to come in C. Go late if you have to start late D. Start on time unless the dogs are having fun socializing - A. Always start on time Aversive training methods: A. Violate the CCPDT Code of Ethics B. Tend to make dogs fearful C. Have shown a high success rate D. Are necessary with under socialized dogs. - B. Tend to make dogs fearful All of the following are true about flat collars except: A. They come with three types of buckles B. You should be able to fit a finger between the dog's neck and the collar C. Reactive dogs may come out of them easily D. They are not recommended for dogs who are hard pullers - B. You should be able to fit a finger between the dog's neck and the collar This disease affects a dog's central nervous system and if often fatal: A. Hepatitis B. Distemper C. Rabies D. Parvo - C. Rabies All the following are examples of environmental management except: A. A tether B. Keeping items you don't want chewed in a closet C. A baby gate D. Asking a dog to wait before going out the front door - D. Asking a dog to wait before going out the front door

Whenever Scarlet whimpers, Cathy runs over to the dog, asking, "What's wrong?" This is: A. Positive reinforcement B. Negative reinforcement C. Positive punishment D. Negative punishment - A. Positive reinforcement Which type differential reinforcement gives you the most options for rewarding a behavior: A. DRA B. DRI C. DRO D. DRE - C. DRO All of the following the examples of classically conditioned stimuli expect: A. Owner's keys in the door B. Drinking from a water bowl when thirsty C. Clicker D. Refrigerator door opening - D. Drinking from a water bowl when thirsty Before meeting a disabled client, a good question to ask is: A. "Will you need extra space in the classroom?" B. "Did you try to find a trainer who works specifically with the disabled?" C. "Did you think this was a class service dogs?" D. "Will you miss many classes because of your disability." - A. "Will you need extra space in the classroom?" All the following can contribute to dogs miscommunicating with each other except: A. Cropped ears B. Facial wrinkles C. Long nails D. Docked tails - C. Long nails A titer test shows: A. Liver enzyme levels B. Antibodies in a dog's system C. Bacterial infection D. Red blood count - B. Antibodies in a dog system CCPDT allows all of the following except:

A. Prong collars B. Electric shock collars C. Helicoptering D. Positive punishment - C. Helicoptering On his morning walk, a dog lunges at a skateboarder, then tried to catch a squirrel and then barks and jumped on a child who has rushed over to meet him, grabbing the child's coat and tearing it. This could be considered: A. Premack Principle B. Environmental management C. Negative reinforcement D. Trigger stacking - D. Trigger stacking Whenever Rio pulls on walks, Steve gently jerks the leash to stop the pulling, saying, "I'm not hurting him!" This is: A. Positive reinforcement B. Negative reinforcement C. Positive punishment D. Negative punishment - C. Positive punishment Using a verbal marking when a dog has correctly performed a behavior is considered a: A. Primary reinforcer B. Secondary reinforcer C. High value reinforcer D. Fixed reinforcer - B. Secondary reinforcer A client tells you, "I don't know why I'm bothering to try to train my dog. It isn't working at all so far." You should: A. Point out how much progress the dog has made B. Tell the client their negativity is rubbing off on the dog C. Tell the client this is a long, slow process and he has to work at the dog's pace D. Suggest they go see another trainer - A. Point out how much progress the dog has made Disruptions during group classes: A. Can be valuable learning experiences B. Are to be avoided at all costs C. Are traumatizing to an anxious dog D. Fluster even the most experienced trainers - A. Can be valuable learning experiences

The best way to figure out a dog's emotional state is: A. Look at his ears, eyes, tail, and body posture as a whole B. Check the brow for ridges C. Notice if the tail is up, down, or at the horizon D. Observe whether the dog's head is turned or facing forward - A. Look at his ears, eyes, tail, and body posture as a whole Dogs are trained on invisible fences mainly through: A. Positive reinforcement B. Negative reinforcement C. Positive punishment D. Negative punishment - C. Positive punishment All the following diseases are contagious except: A. Lyme B. Bordetella C. Leptospirosis D. Distemper - A. Lyme When a client tells you her dog is suddenly asking to go out to the bathroom more frequently, the first thing you should say is: A. "Are you rewarding him every time he goes?" B. "When was the last time you took him to the vet?" C. "Lots of dogs like to go out frequently." D. "You should ration how much water you're giving him." - B. "When was the last time you took him to the vet." Stormy loves playing in the parking and jumps around in the car when they arrive. Cindy waits until Stormy is sitting calmly, then she opens the door and lets him run. This is: A. Positive reinforcement, followed by negative punishment B. Positive reinforcement, followed by positive punishment C. Negative reinforcement, followed by positive reinforcement D. Negative punishment, followed by positive reinforcement - D. Negative punishment, followed by positive reinforcement Dogs will repeat a behavior if there's a desirable consequences. This is: A. Thorndike's Law of Effect

B. Skinner's conditioning chamber C. A - > B - > C D. Premack Principle - A. Thorndike's Law of Effect An example of empathetic listening is: A. Client: "My dog's dumb." You: "You sound frustrated." B. Client: "My dog's dumb." You: "I couldn't agree more." C. Client: "My dog's dumb." You: "You shouldn't say things like that." D. Client: "My dog's dumb." You: "There are no dumb dogs -- just dumb people." - A. Client: "My dog's dumb." You: "You sound frustrated.: A dog is standing and looking at his handler, who's telling you, "I don't want to give him treats anymore because he never sits when I tell him to!" You should say: A. "That makes sense." B. "He's giving you great eye contact right now. Go ahead and treat him for that." C. "How are you asking for sit?" D. "You have to use treats or he won't sit." - B. "He's giving you great eye contact right now. Go ahead and treat him for that." All of the following statements are correct except: A. Dogs' relationships with each other are fluid B. Dogs are not considered pack animals C. Dogs communicate mostly with their bodies D. Dogs are considered pack animals - D. Dogs are considered pack animals Soft crates: A. Are tough to chew through B. Are also known as "airline" crates C. Are good for temporary use or travel D. Provide the most ventilation - C. Are good for temporary use or travel Whenever a dog told to come and he doesn't, he gets smacked on the nose. Soon the dog doesn't respond at all when he hears "come." This is: A. Negative reinforcement B. Learned helplessness C. Negative punishment D. Poisoned cue - D. Poisoned cue

Patches knows to scratch at the back door to be let out to potty. When he stays overnight with friends however, he has a couple of accidents. This is because: A. Patches hasn't learned to discriminate B. Patches hasn't learned to generalize C. Patches has not been properly cued D. Patches is responding to the conditioned stimulus - B. Patches hasn't learned to generalize In classical conditioning, extinction is caused by: A. Presenting the neutral stimulus before the unconditioned stimulus B. Reinforcing the conditioned stimulus with high-value rewards C. Presenting a conditioned stimulus repeatedly without reinforcement D. Removing your attention from the dog - C. Presenting a conditioned stimulus repeated without reinforcement Post-reinforcement pause usually occurs with: A. Fixed interval reinforcement B. Fixed ratio reinforcement C. Variable interval reinforcement D. Variable ratio reinforcement - B. Fixed ratio reinforcement All of the following may signal extreme distress in a dog except: A. Low, wagging tail B. Sweaty paws C. High, wagging tail D. Heavy shedding - A. Low, wagging tail When a dog wears a harness with the leash clipped to his back: A. He typically requires DS/CC B. He may display opposition reflex C. He can easily come out of it is reactive D. It's best for dogs with a head circumference smaller than their neck - B. He may display opposition reflex When designing your plan for a one-hour class: A. Assume at least 15 minutes will spent on the dogs socializing B. Considering it lose outline and just see how the class goes C. Build in time for potty breaks D. Stick to the plan regardless of what happens - C. Build in time for potty breaks

A client shows up with a dog in a prong collar, telling you, "This is what my vet recommended." You should say: A. "Did you know vets aren't trained in behavior?" B. "I won't work with you unless you remove that." C. "I have some alternative you may find even more effective." D. "But it's not what I recommend." - C. "I have some alternatives you may find even more effective." According to the Humane Hierarchy: A. Positive punishment is never to be used B. Negative punishment and positive punishment are on the bottom tier C. Positive punishment is a form of classical conditioning D. Positive punishment should be used only as a last resort - D. Positive punishment should only be used as a last resort If a person says "sit" when the dog already knows the nonverbal cue, the dog is likely to: A. Consider the verbal cue more salient B. Block the verbal cue C. Display learned helplessness D. Lie down instead - B. Block the verbal cue When Buddy's family moved to new house near the airport, Buddy used to run to look out the front window every time a plane flew overhead. After a week, he stopped responding to the sound. This is: A. Habituation B. Counter-conditioning C. Sensitization D. Poisoned cue - A. Habituation With prompting, it's important to: A. Refrain from using hand signals B. Reward behavior when the dog performs it spontaneously C. Reward each successive approximation of the target behavior D. Fade the prompt as soon as the dog consistently performs the behavior - D. Fade the prompt as soon as the dog consistently performs the behavior Wherever you hold class, make sure:

A. The floor/ground surface isn't slippery B. No other dogs can be in the vicinity C. There are no distractions D. There can be enough space between the dogs - D. There can be enough space between the dogs Once you get your CPDT-KA certification: A. You never have to learn anything else about dogs B. You'll want to look into webinars and other training related resources C. You should start learning a new dog-related skill D. You never need to check the CCPDT website - B. You'll want to look into webinars and other training related resources The biggest challenge of an outdoor class is: A. Wild animals B. Cars C. Weather D. Dogs walking by - C. Weather When a dog is at ease, his ears will be: A. Neither forward nor pulled back B. Forward C. Pulled back D. Folded over - A. Neither forward nor pulled back If you can't clean your training facility with an antimicrobial solution, your next best bet is: A. Soap and water B. Scrub brush C. Laundry detergent D. Bleach and water - D. Bleach and water A dog refuses to walk down a particular street in hi neighborhood because when he was a puppy, a big dog came running over to him and pinned him. It would be best to train this dog by using: A. Premack principle B. DS/CC C. Learned irrelevance D. DRO - B. DS/CC

A dog pushes his treat ball around the house with his nose, causing bits of kibble to fall out of a large hole at one end of the ball. This is: A. Operant conditioning B. Classical conditioning C. Counter conditioning D. Generalization - D. Generalization Asking a dog to touch his nose to your hand is: A. Targeting B. Luring C. Shaping D. Capturing - A. Targeting When taking to clients: A. Focus on the words they're saying B. Use a lot of technical terms to impress them C. Observe their nonverbal as well as their verbal communication D. Make sure they understand your perspective - C. Observe their nonverbal as well as their verbal communication It's important to use mostly which learning style when working with clients: A. Visual B. Auditory C. Kinesthetic D. A combination of all three - D. A combination of all three In a classroom setting: A. Make sure friends stand next to each other B. You determine the placement of each dog C. Let students stand where they like and work with it D. Turn everything into a learning experience, such as two dogs to stand next to each other even if they don't get along - B. You determine the placement of each dog A dog begins shaking when he's taken to the vet. This is most likely: A. Classical conditioning B. Operant conditioning C. A seizure D. Chaining - A. Classical conditioning

In leaning theory, reinforcement: A. Adds to something B. Removes something C. Increases the likelihood of a behavior D. Decreases the likelihood of a behavior - C. Increases the likelihood of a behavior Misty is allowed in the living room only if she doesn't bark incessantly. If she begins barking, she's put in the kitchen until she's quiet. This is: A. Positive reinforcement B. Negative reinforcement C. Positive punishment D. Negative punishment - D. Negative punishment Another word for consequence is: A. Behavior B. Antecedent C. Stimulus D. Outcome - D. Outcome All the following statements are true about Pavlov's dog except: A. They originally had no response to the bell B. They learned to respond to the bell C. They associated salivation with food D. They learned to associate the bell with food - C. They associated salivation with food Nicki is afraid of men in hats and always bares her teeth until they take their hat off. This is: A. Positive reinforcement B. Negative reinforcement C. Positive punishment D. Negative punishment - B. Negative reinforcement A dog whose mouth is closed and slightly pushed forward is most likely displaying: A. Submissive grin B. Agonistic pucker C. Instinctive drift D. Greeting ritual - B. Agonistic pucker

Distance-decreasing behaviors may including all the following except: A. Paw lift B. Presenting rear end C. Hip nudge D. Play bow - A. Paw lift Puppies are typically weaned during which phase: A. Neonatal B. Transition C. Primary socialization D. Adolescence - C. Primary socialization Head halters work to stop pulling because of: A. Negative reinforcement, followed by positive punishment B. Positive punishment, followed by negative reinforcement C. Positive punishment, followed by positive reinforcement D. Positive reinforcement, followed by negative reinforcement - B. Positive punishment, followed by negative reinforcement All the following may benefit an anxious dog except: A. DAP infuser B. Omega-3 oils C. Thundershirt D. CBD oil - B. Omega-3 oils Intact females are receptive to males during: A. Estrous B. Anestrus C. Diestrus D. Estrus - D. Estrus All of the following are problems with using punishers except: A. Timing can be difficult B. The dog may not perceive something as a punisher C. They can cause anxiety D. The aversive must be removed to decrease behavior - D. The aversive must be removed to decrease behavior

In classical conditioning, learning takes place when: A. The unconditioned stimulus precedes the unconditioned response B. The neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus C. The consequence follows the behavior D. The neutral stimulus is presented - B. The neutrals stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus A client in your class complains, "How come my dog is the only one who doesn't get it?" You should say: A. "That's because you're always looking at your cell phone instead of listening to me." B. "You told me before class that you had no time to practice, so what do you expect?" C. "Every dog has his own timeline and the more you practice, the quicker he'll get it." D. "It doesn't matter. Your dog has a sweet disposition." - C. "Every dog has his own timeline and the more you practice, the quicker he'll get it." Joking when working with a client is: A. A good way to air your political views B. Wonderful for lightening the atmosphere as long as it isn't offensive C. The best way to relax you clients D. Something to avoid since people always misconstrue jokes - B. Wonderful or lightening the atmosphere as long as it isn't offensive What type of reinforcement is being used when a dog is rewarded after performing stay for 30 seconds, then 1 minute, then 45 seconds: A. Fixed ratio B. Variable ratio C. Fixed interval D. Variable interval - D. Variable interval The goal of counter-conditioning is to: A. Switch from the classical to operant conditioning B. Change the unconditioned stimulus C. Change a previously conditioned response D. Strengthen a behavior - C. Change a previously conditioned response The least helpful thing to do when talking to a difficult client is: A. Tell the person you can understand their frustration B. Say to yourself, "She's just a rude, ignorant person." C. Ignore their tone of voice

D. Tell yourself, "This is about the dog, not me." - B. Say to yourself, "She's just a rude, ignorant person." Class handouts are valuable because: A. You can do less talking B. They take the place of teaching C. Student feel they're getting more for their money D. They can help the student if you forget to go over something - D. They can help the student if you forget to go over something When a slip collar is used properly: A. It forms a "P" shaped collar B. It forms a "D" shaped collar C. The D rings are on either side of the dog's neck D. The dog feels pressure on his muzzle - A. It forms a "P" shaped collar Intact male dogs are likely to exhibit and of the following except: A. Difficult with training B. Roaming C. Resource guarding with females in heat D. Reactivity from other male - C. Resource guarding with female in heat According to Pavlov and Watson: A. Behavior is based on responding to a given stimulus B. Behavior is a result of consequences C. Animals learn to have unconditioned responses D. Animals have no natural response to unconditioned stimuli - A. Behavior is based on responding to a given stimulus A client shows up with a strong dog who's pulling, and a leash clipped to the back of the dog's harness. You should say: A. "That's causing opposition reflex and will make the dog pull more." B. "Why do you have the leash clipped on his back?" C. "Let's try clipping the leash to his chest and see if that helps with the pulling." D. "I thought I told you never to clip the leash to his back." - C. "Let's try clipping the leash to his chest and see if that helps with the pulling." In operant conditioning, if you repeatedly ask for a behavior without giving the dog a treat.

A. Learning occurs B. You have faded the lure C. Spontaneous recovery occurs D. Extinction occurs - D. Extinction occurs When it comes to how you handle absences in your class: A. It's sufficient to put this info in a handout B. Take it on a case-by-case basis C. Ask students how they would like it handled D. It's best to go over this the first day of class - D. It's best to go over this the first day of class The best dog to pick for demonstrating a new behavior would be one who: A. Makes eye contact with you and has his mouth slightly open B. Has the upper half of his body turned away from you C. Is pulling to check out the dog next to him D. Had a closed mouth and is giving you whale eye - A. Makes eye contact with you and has his mouth slightly open A student comes in hanging onto the leash for dear life with a dog whose tail is stiff and upright, and who is snapping at every dog in sight. Your best bet is to: A. Place them behind a barricade B. Tell the student to hold the leash tighter C. Tell the student the reward the dog anytime he isn't snapping D. Suggest the student begin with private lessons, not the group class - D. Suggest the student begin with private lessons, not the group class When developing a training plan, which step comes first for a puppy who is a chronic chewer: A. Reward the dog when he's not chewing B. Give the dog more exercise C. Set up baby gates or exercise pens D. Work with the dog on making eye contact - C. Set up baby gates or exercise pens A student comes into your class looking upset and tells you she's sorry she missed class last week and he hasn't had any time to work with her dog. You should say: A. "Sounds like you had a busy week. I'm glad you're back with us tonight." B. "Missing classes won't get your dog trained." C. "Your dog is so smart, he'll pick up everything in a minute." D. "You still have to pay for the class you missed." - A. "Sounds like you had a busy week. I'm glad you're back with us tonight."

If you plan on putting photos of your students on your website, it's best to: A. Get a good camera B. Get their permission in writing C. Have them select which photo to use D. Get their verbal approval - B. Get their permission in writing A dog who has his head turned away from an oncoming dog and is holding his tail low and wagging is probably feeling: A. Aggressive B. Stressed C. Conflicted D. Hungry - C. Conflicted