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CANS Study Guide
Family Strengths: Carmen's parental rights have been terminated; she has no other known family members. - correct answer 3 Interpersonal Skills: 4-year-old Mindy is very shy. It takes a lot of prompting for her to play with others. When prompted, she will attempt to play with the other children. - correct answer 2 Optimism: 17-year-old Dante plans to go to medical school. He knows if he studies hard in his classes he can do it. - correct answer 0 Educational Setting: 15-year-old Trumaine has recently returned home from a residential placement. No school has been identified for him at this time. - correct answer 3 Vocational: Jamie is really good at fixing things. He does not want to fix things for a living, however, he wants to be a writer. - correct answer 1 Talents/Interests: Sarah won the most valuable player award of her swim team and is team captain. - correct answer 0 Spiritual/Religious: 17-year-old Tracy sings in the church choir and participates in many youth activities. She states that her beliefs give her comfort and that she prays when distressed. - correct answer 0 Community Involvement: This past year, Jill became involved in community center activities including joining a soccer team. - correct answer 1 Natural Supports: Natalie has neighbors who have helped her get a summer job for a few years. - correct answer 1
Relationship Permanence: 12-year-old Natasha is living in her third foster home. Her permanency plan calls for her to live with her mother; her mother participates fully in supervised visitation. - correct answer 2 Child/Youth Involvement with Care: 9-year-old Ben is not knowledgeable of his needs. - correct answer 3 Coping and Survival Skills: Don manages adversity quite well, but does not seem to have much fun. - correct answer 1 Resiliency: Jen's caregiver has become interested in yoga and is starting to meditate when she is anxious or distressed. - correct answer 1 Family Functioning: The family is managing well. - correct answer 0 Living Situation: Nancy has the occasional fight at home with her parents; her parents are concerned about her behavior at home. - correct answer 1 School/Day Care: A 13-year-old girl's school behavior has resulted in her being sent to see the school principal - correct answer 2 Social Functioning: Terrance is socially withdrawn and isolated; he has minimal social interactions - correct answer 3 Recreation/Play in Young Children: 5-year-old Patrick tends to cling to adults while other children play. When he does play, it is unimaginative. - correct answer 3 Communication: Donnelle has selective mutism and refuses to speak. He also refuses to point to aid in communication. - correct answer 3 Physical Health: Cailin has asthma. She is able to take part in gym class if she has her puffer. - correct answer 1
Self-Injurious Behaviour: 8-year-old Ryan has been banging his head repeatedly against the floor. His skull has begun to change shape because of this behavior and he has started to have painful headaches. - correct answer 3 Suicide Risk: 15-year-old Amanda was released from the hospital today after a 5 day stay resulting from her attempt to slit her wrists. She currently reports no active suicidal ideation. - correct answer 2 Reckless Behavior (Other Self Harm): A 16-year-old boy has received 3 speeding tickets since getting his license six months ago. - correct answer 2 Danger to Others: Bryan has been in several fights recently. In one fight last week, he broke the nose of another youth. - correct answer 2 Sexual Aggression: Darrell has never been sexually aggressive. - correct answer 0 Runaway: Carmen was arrested for violating her probation by running away from a court-ordered treatment program 2 days ago. - correct answer 3 Delinquent Behavior: Sean has been staying out past his parents' curfew. He lives in a town with no legal curfew, but his parents are upset. - correct answer 0 Fire Setting: 17-year-old Doris was caught carrying matches. She said she likes to listen to music by candle light which was confirmed by her parents. - correct answer 0 Intentional Misbehavior: 16-year-old Lauren is always threatening to commit suicide so that she can be hospitalized and see her favorite therapist who works there. The therapist at the hospital knows that Lauren is not serious and Lauren is at risk of being banned from that hospital. - correct answer 3 Bullying: Darnell is a member of a gang and has been involved in intimidating other youth using violence. - correct answer 3
Medication Compliance: Brittany sometimes forgets to take her seizure medication, but remembers as soon as she sees the reminder she put on the fridge. - correct answer 1 Psychosis (Thought Disorder): A 18 year-old boy tells you that he is hearing voices telling him to get a knife and stab his mother. - correct answer 3 Depression: Trish is a 17-year-old girl who sometimes gets blue and a bit down on herself. She generally is able to 'snap herself out' of her funks, but sometimes needs support. - correct answer 1 Anxiety: Martha has social anxiety that interferes with her making friends at school.
- correct answer 2 Mania: Vicki has a history of manic behavior when she was younger but has since controlled it with medication. - correct answer 1 Impulsivity/Hyperactivity: Edith sometimes behaves in a way that appears to be rash. - correct answer 1 Attention/Concentration: Denis is a 14-year-old with attention problems that interfere with his school work. - correct answer 2 Oppositional Behavior: A 12-year-old boy talks back to his teachers and a few letters have been sent home about this problem. - correct answer 1 Conduct: A 15-year-old has been arrested for vandalism and theft after stealing from a neighbor. - correct answer 2 Anger Control: A 12-year-old boy destroys property and physically harms others when he becomes angry. - correct answer 3 Substance Use: A young man is prostituting himself to pay for his growing drug habit. - correct answer 3
Substance Use: A substance abuse team is worried that a single mother has a substance use problem because she tends to be very sleepy at meetings. She denies any use. - correct answer 1 Posttraumatic Reactions: Jerry's dad was in a car accident as a child and now gets nervous when driving. - correct answer 1 Developmental: A single mother has an IQ of 50 and is unable to provide the needed assistance to her child. - correct answer 3 Access to Child Care: Connor's aunt usually watches him; however, sometimes she is unable to and Connor's dad has to skip his meetings to stay home with Connor. - correct answer 2 Military Transitions: Daisy just relocated with her parents -- who are both in the Armed Forces -- because they had been redeployed to a nearby military base. - correct answer 2 Family Stress: Sasha's asthma has his father so worried that Sasha is hardly allowed to leave the house; his parents get in frequent arguments about this. - correct answer 3 Safety: Veronica's mother is addicted to heroin. She struggles to take care of Veronica's basic needs. - correct answer 3 Medical Health: 9-year-old Paula has leukemia and her doctors say that she might not live for more than one year. - correct answer 3 Self-Injurious Behavior: 4-year-old Ryan has been banging his head repeatedly against the floor. His skull has begun to change shape because of this behavior and he has started to have painful headaches. - correct answer 3 Aggressive Behavior: Oles is always hitting his dog; so far, his mother has been unable to get him to stop. - correct answer 2
Intentional Misbehavior: When Suzy's parents have people over, Suzy will swear to get attention. - correct answer 1 Sexually Reactive Behavior: Tom was abused by his foster dad and now engages in sexually inappropriate touching. - correct answer 2 Bullying Others: Daryl is a 4-year-old who was recently disciplined for taking the toys of another child at day care. - correct answer 2 Fire Setting: Michael is always playing with matches. - correct answer 1 Flight Risk: Justin used to bolt from his mother's side in stores. He has not done this in 8 months. - correct answer 1 Birth Weight: Ethel was born underweight. Her doctors fear that because of this she may suffer developmental delays. - correct answer 2 Prenatal Care: Romanna's mom had only 5 doctor's visits when she was pregnant. - correct answer 1 Labor and Delivery: Amber has cerebral palsy because she was deprived of oxygen when she was born. - correct answer 3 Substance Exposure: Frank was born addicted to cocaine. - correct answer 3 Parent or Sibling Problems: Serge's mom is developmentally delayed. - correct answer 3 Parental Availability: After Anthony was born, his mom was diagnosed with severe post-partum depression. - correct answer 3 Motor: 5-year-old Tilden is unable to walk but can manage hand-related tasks. - correct answer 2
Oppositional Behaviors: A 5-year-old girl is so defiant toward her parents that they have decided to give up custody, as they feel they are no longer capable of controlling her behavior. - correct answer 3 Eating Disturbance: Quenzell refuses all food. He becomes aggressive when efforts are made to encourage him to eat. His weight has dropped so low that he has to be hospitalized. - correct answer 3 Persistence: 3-year-old Richard has a limited ability to complete tasks. When his mother or teacher gets involved, this sometimes helps, but sometimes doesn't. - correct answer 2 Curiosity: 2-year-old Lucie ignores toys presented to her and turns her face away when new objects are offered to her. - correct answer 2 Adaptability: 5-year-old Brian has a hard time adjusting to new things when supported by his parents. He eventually will try new things out, but it takes a lot of prompting and support. - correct answer 2 Interpersonal/Social Behavior: 4-year-old Marquis has some acquaintances and can get along with peers, but has no real friends. - correct answer 2 Sexual Abuse: 15-year-old Maria was molested by her step-father over a period of nine months. - correct answer yes Physical Abuse: 9-year-old Tommy came to school with bruises, but he says he fell down and his parents confirm this explanation; there is some suspicion that his older brother bullies him. - correct answer yes Emotional Abuse/Neglect: After years of humiliation at the hands of his mother, Marcus has no self-esteem and views himself as a complete failure and a worthless human being. - correct answer yes Physical Neglect: 5-year-old Laura was found locked in the basement; she had not been given food for several days. - correct answer yes
Domestic Violence: 4-year-old Xena's parents fight all the time in front of her; sometimes, the fights get physical. Neither parent has ever needed medical attention as a result of these fights - correct answer yes Parental Incarseration: Two months ago, Tina's father was arrested for breaking and entering; he was sent to prison. Tina has gone to visit him one time. - correct answer yes Household Substance Exposure: A father becomes drunk and argumentative and conflict arises. No violence has occurred. - correct answer yes Family History of Mental Illness: Paul's sister has been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. - correct answer yes Disruption of Caregiving: When 15-year-old Sara was 3 years old, she was removed from her parents' home and placed with her grandparents where she has been ever since. - correct answer yes Adjustment to Trauma: A 17-year-old girl was mugged late one night. She is now afraid to walk the streets at night time. Sometimes she has nightmares about the mugging. - correct answer 2 Traumatic Grief/Separation: Sammy has never experienced grief. - correct answer 0 Re-Experiencing: After years of sexual abuse, Joshua has started to re-enact his sexual abuse on younger children. - correct answer 3 School Behavior: An 8-year-old boy repeatedly talks out of turn in class. - correct answer 1 School Achievement: A 13-year-old boy is failing all of his classes and is at risk of not being promoted to the next grade. - correct answer 3
Self-Stimulation: The smell of onions repulses David, making him shout and wring his hands. - correct answer 1 Motor: 5-year-old Tilden is unable to walk but can manage hand-related tasks. - correct answer 2 Developmental Delay: Francine achieved all developmental milestones. - correct answer 0 Sensory Reactivity: When a sound is made, Rachel takes a longer time to direct her eyes to where the sound was made. - correct answer 2 Atypical Behavior: La'Quesha's mom and dad have noticed that La'Quesha will stare at lights for hours on end. They have to snap their fingers to get her to stop. - correct answer 2 Failure to Thrive: Carmen was born early and was underweight for many months, but now she is in the normal range for weight. - correct answer 1 Eating: 3 year old Guy is a picky eater. He always needs to inspect his food before ingesting it. - correct answer 1 Mobility: 4-year-old Tristan has cerebral palsy and is wheelchair-bound with fine motor challenges. - correct answer 3 Positioning: 4 year old John is unable to reposition self and requires 24 hour monitoring and physical assistance from others to reposition self. - correct answer 3 Elimination: Despite his parents' teaching him how to know when the time is right to go to the washroom, 5-year-old Brian continues to wet himself constantly. Brian refuses to go back to wearing diapers and his parents are afraid to take him out in public for fear that he may have an accident. - correct answer 3
History of Perpetrating Violence: Isaac killed his pet dog two months ago. - correct answer 3 Frustration Management: Thalia gets so frustrated with her friends that she can't control her anger. She often punches or pushes her friends, physically hurting them.
- correct answer 3 Hostility: Leah always looks angry. Even though she is never rude or mean, her friends perceive her as an angry person. - correct answer 1 Paranoid Thinking: Julia thinks her sister is trying to get her disowned from the family. Julia requires a lot of assurance from her sister in order to believe otherwise.
- correct answer 2 Secondary Gains from Anger: Olten constantly gets angry at his mother when she does not have dinner cooked for him at 5:00. She is now afraid to be late serving dinner. - correct answer 3 Violent Thinking: Sometimes when Violet is mad she imagines punching her sister in the face. - correct answer 1 Aware of Violence Potential: Paul and his friends are bullies. Whenever they get caught beating someone up, Paul admits he was involved but always says someone else made him do it. - correct answer 2 Response to Consequences: Whenever Judith is violent, she accepts her punishment; however, she still has trouble identifying when she will be punished. - correct answer 1 Commitment to Self Control: Tyler knows he has a problem with being violent. He has not decided if he wants to fix this problem or not. - correct answer 2 Engagement in Treatment: Omar and his family are skeptical about going to an anger management therapist for Omar's anger issues. In the past, treatment has not worked for Omar. - correct answer 2
Seriousness: Don was recently arrested for possession of cocaine. - correct answer 2 History: For the past 2 years, Melinda has been engaging in criminal behavior; however, she has had periods of 3 months where she did not engage in any criminal behavior. - correct answer 2 Arrests: Virginia has been arrested 3 times in the past month. - correct answer 3 Planning: Caleb likes to hang around kids who are in a local gang known for their criminal behavior. - correct answer 1 Community Safety: Jordan drives recklessly through the streets when he is intoxicated. - correct answer 3 Legal Compliance: After Jerry skipped school and vandalized a local store, the court ordered him to attend school daily and also attend a treatment program to help with his truancy. Jerry has been attending school every day, but has failed to attend the treatment program. - correct answer 2 Peer Influences: Beth's friends are all involved in illegal activity but they are not members of any gang. - correct answer 2 Parental Influences: Tom's mother often uses heroin in front of him. - correct answer 2 Environmental Influences: Carla's older brother engages in criminal behavior; sometimes he is home, but not often. - correct answer 1 History: Fredrick has been consistently setting fires for three years. - correct answer 3 Seriousness: Leslie burned down her house when no one was home. - correct answer 2
Planning: Zack said he had not planned to set his desk on fire, but he had brought matches to school with him that day. - correct answer 1 Use of Accelerants: Ronnie used body spray to accelerate the growth of his fire, but he was careful not to direct the fire toward any buildings. - correct answer 2 Intention to Harm: Harriett says she didn't want to hurt anyone in the fire, but she made no efforts to control the size it grew to. - correct answer 1 Community Safety: Wilma set fire to an abandoned recreational center. - correct answer 1 Response to Accusation: Heather admits that she set the fire but says she does not feel any remorse. - correct answer 2 Remorse: Kyle denies all accusations and does not seem in any way sorry about the damage he has caused. - correct answer 3 Likelihood of Future Fire-Setting: Garth admits that he would most likely set more fires if his parents weren't watching him. - correct answer 2 Severity: 20-year-old Caitlin has stopped drinking for the past 3 months. - correct answer 1 Duration of Use: 17-year-old Melissa never drank until last weekend when she went to a party with friends. She got drunk and her parents had to take her to the hospital. - correct answer 0 Stage of Recovery: 14-year-old Darnell says that he doesn't use substances despite multiple arrests for possession and suspensions for showing up to school high. - correct answer 3
Transportation: A Mother requires transportation to get her daughter to her doctor's appointments once a week. She does not have a car and needs someone to teach her how to take the bus to her daughter's appointments. - correct answer 1 Life Threatening: 9-year-old Paul has been given less than six months to live, according to doctors. - correct answer 3 Chronicity: 8-year-old Samantha has juvenile diabetes. - correct answer 3 Diagnostic Complexity: Damian has been in and out of the hospital for 2 years with odd symptoms. The doctors have been unable to diagnose him as of yet. - correct answer 3 Emotional Response: 5-year-old Dustin appears to have adjusted better to his diagnosis of diabetes than either of his parents. He has been a calming influence on them. - correct answer 0 Impairment Functioning: Samantha's broken leg has made it impossible for her to be in this year's school play. - correct answer 2 Intensity of Treatment: Lavone is bed-bound and requires a feeding tube and an IV. - correct answer 3 Organizational Complexity: Oliver's medical care is provided entirely by his pediatrician. - correct answer 0 Family Stress: Martha's gluten intolerance is making it difficult for her family to decide what is and is not okay for Martha to eat. - correct answer 2
