Cardiovascular System heart, Study notes of Zoology

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HEART

Carciovascnlar systes^ proides^ blood^ supply^ througt^ he^ bodg

Cordiovosculor Systeg

• lt^ compuîae^ the^ heant,^ ateries,Neins^ and^ CopilloDñes

* WIko^ tovvey^ (1628)^ fathex^ of^ ciralation

Blood dsect contak oîHh issue cells.

4 Pumps blbo into a

K

A A mie of blood and tnteisthatfal fhadbemolymph.

cault callecd hemocoel.

Arthmopoels. closed CircalaBoy Sysem 4 Blood no diect contat uit tfssue cels. Blood Er:Annel

Bloo

al ay^ contaaned^ oithio^ vessel.

• The^ deoygenated^ blood^ tupplyed^ froy^ teant^ to^ Jungs, by plmon^ any^ arteies

Shorkest civcalakion,.

(RA)

Pulmonenyoneys

HEAR

T

leart

lt iu sftuat in the spuce Medosinum. Present tto tuoo lungs. 4Average siae^ chinched^ frat^ s+ze fuliy developecd^ bekween^ the^ age^ of^ 14-20yeons

Shudy

of thoracic

t Kesaht^ ot^ tieast^ Male^ -980-^ 340gm^ Female-^ 930-9s0 m. of heot - Cardolog 4 ootd 4eat, day- ep-

* teat^ tansdankaibn^ occurd^ în^1461 by-chitfan^ &evoan

4 Fiat io lndia teat trancplantation in 14 by Vgmugogado

Heast

pal (^) safing | (^) usualar (^) Ovgan 4 First^ me^ Arue^ heant^ appeae fist fine ciculatoy^ sgttem^ charackess^ Annelida

Avthvopodo

Myggeníc 4eants lmpalses dBant by musde fTbexs Seen y VentibTafes Neuroaerie tHeant Impu1e dat by Neve Siters

seen im loverhibale

• Shudy^ oi^ heaxt^ -^

Cardfologg

x Wodd^ leat^ dasy^

Septenber 28

SuperiorVena cawa

Pulmonany veins TricuspfdValve

HEART

Riaht ventide.

ch of -horta

Ihferío% vena cANa

lotecnay

lt puleonony ontegy

of

keit pulmonovy -Lell atum

Shaelure oe Heagt

yeins

-Aoyhe4icuspid valve^ Valve LLeft venhíde Iater vetiuda

Septu

Endocosdumi ionesmost Jayc ¥ Coves^ the^ heaut^ valves.

4 lr^ prevent^ the^ blbod^ trom^ shfckingy^ to^ the^ Toney^ uos

Pseveating poBenfaly^ fabel^ blbod^ clokr^. loterna Structuge^ of^ Hearst

t ha severe^ ehambers^ and^ alves,

Abídes -And VentTdes

Aufles (o) Ahfor

*|^ has^ sight^ and^ left^ auícdes.

4 lett^ aurícdes^ smaller^ than^ oiant^ auxíde.

Aurides ase^ 45i0^ and^ hawe^ less^ musular^ uoalli 4 Aurfles^ are^ malley^ theun^ Venticle. covers the^ venhicle^ each^ side. 4 Both^ and^ eft^ and^ qh^ Curicdes'^ arse

Aurfcles arse sLhtly

septung Intesahial septun a* prevent miing of oxygenated ond deoxuyqenake bluad.

Blood seceiing chambens.

An (^) oval (^) depiegs+on-fossa oves- (^) posheniot (^) pant.

• forumen cNale Present infoetl stage. cleses af bith.

ase seperated bt

4 Supesîor^ vena^ cauoi

4t bring^ deszyqcnated^ blood^ from^ heud^ and^ upper^ pats

of the. body into te niaht^ uYfde. Infen)or vena cavo s eringy deozgenat^ ecl^ bood^ from^ louoex^ pat^ of^ the^ body nto he^ oht^ annicle. lalmonany veans 4 four^ number^ (^ tuos^ from^ cach^ n

’Jet aunide t- oygenated Glo

deoyygenated bood ehteat^ woall^ htaunrde. t\eart Naves Posevent back (^) o (^) of (^) blood.

Ticusprd valve s

Rsenent back flouo of blood fron RV toR.A x (^) Palmonay ’Ventícular^ contsacion valve(Semilunas) *\nikfal (^) paink of (^) palmonary (^) ateny

AVertíicular nelaalioo

Poevent toack fiouo o bloc rom Aulmonoy tunle ) indoev).

Mhral vave ceicuipid valve) Bekoeen L.A and L.V yenhiclor Conbuefoo Rseuen back tloo of blood 4om lelt venthíce Lf-L.A

Aoslfe alve -* In+tfal point of aorta 4 Venhíular elasalíon;- Rrevent back stoo aoka--Lv kustachían Valve Dpening of apesfor baek flow^ from^ (R.A)^ Qiahe^ atium, Thebasian Vawe

Vena CaNa.

• Opening of coronay inus

* evenf back flous fom A).

Stenosís -fallare of a heat valve to ppe uly.

insuthdenty failue of a valuwe to close

Conduefing System^ ot^ luman^ eart ANetook of odes ,Mspe eîaliced cells and elechrel anads Ahat keep yourt beant bealing

Sfooahfal Nocle

AIt is (^) coatrol he (^) heantf beal

of

4 Ahfovenhícular Node

sh Pankinye^ fibexs

complelg

Ahiovenhí ualar^ lode^ r^ (AVN) Also called^ Twaxo^ and^ Ascaof lower lect Corner Df the Rsqhk atiung

hitfoaio ate^ is^ slouoer^ than^ sA^ Node^ i.e.^ 40-60imse.

*funtionaly^ ft^ fs^ called^ as^ -PacesetHer^ of^ heont

Bundle or ts (^) o) (^) Arioventicor burdler $ Mass (^) Speelalizedl fibres tin from Av lode Seperates atfo and ventide

Small (^) brsanches (^) ike (^) <hucures (^) -Purkinje (^) fibres x (^) Ay (^) bundles and (^) Panhinje (^) fibres (^) Cowey (^) împulse of Conhaion fyom Av (^) oode to (^) apet of (^) myocarcum. xAnd ks (^) bing (^) vemhinar (^) tontralio, (axchoc Csyde Hafrg thhee teps (a) Auriular^ systole-^ 0-1^ see ( veatielan sytole e)Venhíulav Sactele

díasole - 0-4Sec

• Contachion phae Dias tule iRelázior pheve

Ohsel of^ ventícular^ systole^ the^ Av^ valve^ dose^ fistsound^ het At Be^ begting^ of^ yeicalos^ ctole^ +he^ semtlunar^ vave^ close Second &Ound hea lsomehc contsaetiu peoioo.o6): loteuad betoeen^ 4he^ closfg^ nÀ6f^ 4he^ AV^ valves^ and^ opentg of the gemflunay vaves

Prsotoastolic Penîod (0.04)se

Inteval between^ 4he^ beginning^ of^ diautole^ and^ the^ dos

af closure of he cemiunar alwe lsomehíe relaafon^ (o.oK^ sec)^? Istcventoicalan ope. Diastasfs o) slouo înfloo.phase co-\6+ ee)

pressure falli^ beloo^ thal^ of^ ahaand^

AV l,

The întermetfate^ pant^ of^ 4iNing^ s^ very^ slou

• Rapid flisg phase (o-N3seo) First ant Of
• Lait^ apid^ fNlng^ hae^ loiaec) Respons+ble fos^ 4he^ Aast^ part^ of^ ventiador^ fiuing Heart Sounds The beating^ of^ heas^ produces^ sounds. 4 ThÕs sQUnd1 are heased by shethoscope

four heant sounds Si,sa,82and

Cordiac Out Put

Volume of^ blood^ pumped^ by

per minwt. stroke volume

Volume of^ blood^ pumped^ ba^ ventides^ fr^ each^

beut

beot. Casdfae Output^ shoce^ volunme^ Nb.of^ beaks^ per^ minute 40x72- 5o4o milmin =5tes Cardae (^) seserye he (^) difFerence (^) beeen (^) the marnmurn and (^) eikkng (^) candiae (^) outpu Regulaionof Cardjac-dy

a

heart from each^ venhiele

Centre for heant beat resulai -Medulla oblonqaka. (0) Candae accelevaor cenhyei Inrense the^ sate^ of^ beastbeat

pauir of Sympathetie

No odsenane secvelion.

Carscfo fnkibitoxy Cenhe

Reduee tye heatbeat a Porasympahete neswe

Acetfcholie

nesye

Blooe vess els Capillasíes -y Sma ve sel

* tansport^ bloo^ from^ antees^ toveini.

Malpighi s6e - orscoveved

4 telps o exchange oo,Cog muhient s And otes,

Tunrco Iotexna'

A lnnes endotheluw

Abasemen membrane Tunfca medía

Ssues

4Chulax smooh^ meclet^ nd^ elas^ k)e^ fibres. Turfca etexna Toose Connecive tissue A\ongitudinaly annanged^ in^ ohite^ and^ yelloo^

bies, Arteies *Cannfes oxqqenated blood ezcept fumonny arteg

Seated însfde of the body

Thíck oall present Noo oluuloy umen naxNOUO A Start from atexies

Vefn 4 Aluoay^ eavy^ deoygenated^ blood exept pulmonany vein %Durk^ red^ colouN Suxface of the body *Thio uoall present Volvulay Lumen uofe Cnd from Capi lanies.

\ happens^ uohery^ the mtral^ valve^ does^ nt^ cdose^ al^ the

y ad^ Caue^ a^ Jeak.

shortness of breath Tivedness

t Valvula heant díseade

yout leg

SSope and Syngomg

Swolen feet

Ashortness of breath

4 heast mumN

openëng oF^ the^ mihad^ valve

ncsecue in let arfal pressure

Anaina Peckorfs?

Sops and

Pain n (^) chest (^) end (^) occurs if (^) the (^) heat A (^) mot

tPasn in hest ,Jaco,

Oiziness Farue lhdigetion aautes Raid breathing

Anxíety ehest pressure.

Ahytmig nd dypsbnga eoth refers to atbnotmal heatt rate's and shyth ms. Avhyhmía -No hgbm. Oysrhythrmfa- Abnormal -hyhr. Song and Symphom

• Palçitationt. *Poundios, is (^) your (^) chest AOizziness 8 (ardlac \schemfa Heost muscle not Decrecse blood flouo Siqns aund Symproms Heck pa n At Shorness of breath

Fosm a

4 laused by anbealthy dict, locaing blood flouo.

sips and ggons

t (^) Shotness of (^) bbreth AChest dscomfbt. 4 Afast^ beant^ bedl

qtting enou ygen.

-* Heast attacle

4thfck layer^ instde^ ve^ isele.

4 Reipheral anter slurrned speech

• (^) lauseo (^) and (^) vomng

dfsease