Maryam Jaber 1.24.23
Pathophysiology & Pharmacology
Exam 1 Test Hints
Trade vs. Generic Name
• Trade name (brand name): designated and patented by the manufacturer
• Generic name: related to the chemical or official name and is independent of the
manufacturer
• Rule of thumb: Generic name – usually lowercase; Trade name – usually capitalized
• Examples
o Generic: ibuprofen; Trade: Motrin
o Generic: amoxicillin; Trade: Amoxil
Black Box Warning
• Primary alerts for identifying extreme adverse reactions
• The strongest warning that the FDA can give consumers
Prototype
• Prototype drug is a well-understood drug model with which other drugs in its class
are compared
• An individual drug that represents groups of drugs
• Usually the standard for newer drugs in the class are compared
• Examples:
o morphine is the prototype of the opioid analgesics
o penicillin is the prototype of the beta-lactam antibacterial drugs
Therapeutic vs. Pharmacologic classifications
• Pharmacological classification is based on how the drug works, therapeutic
classification is based on their actual usefulness
• Pharmacological effect is the prevention of replication of the bacteria, the
therapeutic effect is to cure the infection
• Examples:
o Lowers blood pressure – Antihypertensive (THERAPEUTIC)
o Treats Angina – Antianginal (THERAPEUTIC)
o Blocks Beta 1 receptors on cardiac muscles – Beta-adrenergic Antagonist
(PHARMACOLOGICAL)
o Influences clotting – Anticoagulant (THERAPEUTIC)
o Lowers blood cholesterol – Antihyperlipidemic (THERAPEUTIC)
o Inhibits HMG-COA which reduces cholesterol-HMG-COA Reductase
Inhibitor (PHARMACOLOGICAL)
Pharmacokinetics
• Determining the movement of drugs throughout the body
• There are 4 phases of pharmacokinetics: absorption, distribution, metabolism,
excretion
