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Cell Structure and Function, Exams of Health sciences

Chamberlain College of NursingHealth sciences

A comprehensive overview of the structure and function of cells, covering key concepts such as the cell membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, and cellular processes like transport, protein synthesis, and cell division. It includes detailed explanations and definitions of important cellular components and mechanisms, making it a valuable resource for students studying biology, anatomy, and physiology. A wide range of topics related to cell biology, from the basic building blocks of life to more complex cellular processes, providing a solid foundation for understanding the fundamental principles of how cells work. With its clear explanations and focus on key concepts, this document could be useful for students at various educational levels, from high school to university, as they explore the fascinating world of cell biology.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 09/20/2024

Lectjoshua
Lectjoshua 🇺🇸

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Ch 3 The Human body in Health and Disease
Exam with correct answers
The gel-like substance of a cell exclusive of the nucleus and other
organelles. - correct answer-Cytoplasm
___________ Membrane that separates the contents of a cell from the tissue
fluid; enclose the cytoplasm and forms the outer boundary of the cell. -
correct answer-Plasma
Intercell organ; for example, the ribosome - correct answer-Organelle
Spherical structure within a cell; a group of neuron cell bodies in the brain
or spinal cord; central core of the atom, made up of protons and
(sometimes) neutrons. - correct answer-Nucleus
What are the three main parts of a cell? - correct answer-Plasma membrane,
Cytoplasm, Nucleus
Phosphate-containing fat molecule. - correct answer-Phospholipid
Cell's internal supporting, moving framework - correct answer-Cytoskeleton
Organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that synthesizes proteins; also known as
a protein factory - correct answer-Ribosome
Network of tubules and vesicles in cytoplasm; two types rough and smooth.
- correct answer-Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
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Ch 3 The Human body in Health and Disease

Exam with correct answers

The gel-like substance of a cell exclusive of the nucleus and other organelles. - correct answer-Cytoplasm ___________ Membrane that separates the contents of a cell from the tissue fluid; enclose the cytoplasm and forms the outer boundary of the cell. - correct answer-Plasma Intercell organ; for example, the ribosome - correct answer-Organelle Spherical structure within a cell; a group of neuron cell bodies in the brain or spinal cord; central core of the atom, made up of protons and (sometimes) neutrons. - correct answer-Nucleus What are the three main parts of a cell? - correct answer-Plasma membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus Phosphate-containing fat molecule. - correct answer-Phospholipid Cell's internal supporting, moving framework - correct answer-Cytoskeleton Organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that synthesizes proteins; also known as a protein factory - correct answer-Ribosome Network of tubules and vesicles in cytoplasm; two types rough and smooth.

  • correct answer-Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Small sacs stacked on one another near the nucleus that make carbohydrate compounds, combine them with protein molecules, - correct answer-Golgi apparatus Threadlike structures - correct answer-Mitochondria Molecule similar to adenosine triphosphate but containing only two phosphate groups. - correct answer-ATP (adenosine triphosphate) Membranous organelles - correct answer-Lysosomes Programmed cell death by means of several biochemical process built into each cell; _______ clears space for newer cells, as in early embryonic development or in tissue repair. - correct answer-Apoptosis Area of the cytoplasm near the nucleus that coordinates the building and breaking up of microtubules in the cell. - correct answer-Centrosome One of a pair of tiny cylinders in the centrosome of a cell; believed to be involved with the spindle fibers formed during mitosis. - correct answer- Centriole Brushlike border made up of epithelial cells found on each villus in the small intestine and other areas of the body; increases the surface area (as for absorption of nutrients) - correct answer-Microvilli Tiny, hair like projections of cells that detect changes outside the cell; some ____ can move, propelling mucus along a surface. - correct answer-Cilia

The Primary _______ ________ processes that move substances through the cell membranes include the following Osmosis, Dialysis, Filtration. - correct answer-Passive transport Spreading; for example, scattering of dissolved particles - correct answer- Diffusion Substance that dissolves into another substance; for example, in saltwater the salt is the _____ dissolved in water. - correct answer-Solute Movement of a fluid through a semipermeable. - correct answer-Osmosis Ingestion and digestion of particles by a cell. - correct answer-Phagocytosis Movement of water and solutes through a membrane by a higher hydrostatic pressure on one side. - correct answer-Filtration Movement of a substance into and out of a living cell requiring the use of cellular energy. - correct answer-Active transport A system of coupled ion pumps that actively transports sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell at the same time-found in all living cells. - correct answer-sodium-potassium pump Inherited disease involving abnormal chloride ion (c1-) transport; causes secretion of abnormally thick mucus and other problems. - correct answer- Cystic fibrosis (CF) Potentially fatal, infections bacterial disease characterized by severe diarrhea, vomiting, cramps, dehydration. - correct answer-Cholera

Indirect cell division involving complex changes in the nucleus. - correct answer-Mitosis A nucleic acid found in the cytoplasm that is crucial to protein synthesis a form of _____ that makes up most of the structures (subunits) of the ribosome organelle of the cell. - correct answer-RNA (ribonucleic acid) Bonding purines and pyrimidines in DNA; adenine always binds with thymine, and cytosine always binds with guanine. - correct answer- Complementary base pairing Action that occurs when the double-stranded DNA molecule unwinds and becomes a template to form mRNA, thus making a copy of a gene. - correct answer-Transcription The synthesis of a protein by ribosomes. - correct answer-Translation Type of ________ ________ that temporarily binds to specific amino acids and transfers them to specific sequences (codons) on a messenger _____ molecule. - correct answer-Transfer RNA The phase immediately before the visible stages of cell division when the DNA of each chromosome replicates itself. - correct answer-Interphase First stage of mitosis during which chromosomes become visible. - correct answer-Prophase One of a pair of identical strands within a replicated chromosome. - correct answer-Chromatid A beadlike structure that attaches one chromatid to another during the early stages of mitosis. - correct answer-Centromere

A condition whereby cells lose the morphological characteristics of mature cells and their orientation with respect to each other and to endothelial cells.. - correct answer-Anaplasia A _____ ______is an abnormal growth of cells that serves no purpose. - correct answer-Benign tumors A _______ ______ is a group of diseased cells defined by one of three characteristics: uncontrolled growth, invasion and damage of healthy cells, or metastasizing (spreading) to other organs of the body. - correct answer- Malignant tumor or cancer Two types of Transport processes are? - correct answer-Passive, Active