PREPARED BY:
Corpuz, Ana Gatchalian, Kristel
De Arce, Pamela San Mateo, Patricia
Feliciano, Marvin Sumait, Angelene
CENTRAL DOGMA,
TRANSLATION AND
TRANSCRIPTION
GROUP 1
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About mRNA Transcription. how DNA are transcribed into m RNA in the process of trancription.
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2021/2022
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PREPARED BY:
Corpuz, Ana Gatchalian, Kristel De Arce, Pamela San Mateo, Patricia Feliciano, Marvin Sumait, Angelene
CENTRAL DOGMA,
TRANSLATION AND
TRANSCRIPTION
GROUP 1
Transcriptio
n
Base pairing refers to the fact that a specific type of nitrogen base in the DNA pairs up with only one specific type of nitrogen base in the mRNA. The nucleotide sequence of DNA determines the nucleotide sequence of mRNA through complementary base pairing. But RNA doesn’t have thymine like DNA. Instead it has Uracil U. So Uracil replaces thymine as the partner to Adenine.
RNA BASE PAIRS
Adenine-----Uracil
Cytosine-----Guanine
Stages of
Transcription
Stages of
Transcription
Initiation
RNA polymerase
an enzyme that
initiates
transcription by
binding to promoter
at the 3' end of
DNA, unwinds and
RNA polymerase
The main enzyme involved in
transcription is RNA polymerase , which
uses a single-stranded DNA template to
synthesize a complementary strand of
1.^ RNA Initiation is the beginning or the first stage of transcription.
**2. How does initiation occurs?
- Initiation occurs when the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to a** region of a gene called the promoter. This signals the DNA to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the DNA strands. The enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mRNA with a complementary sequence of bases. Working along the DNA chain, the enzymes read the nitrogenous bases and helps the RNA version of the nitrogenous bases floating around the nucleus find their match. As it moves the RNA polymerase rezips the DNA behind and let the new strand of DNA peel away.
Stages of
Transcription
Elongation
.RNA polymerase initiates mRNA synthesis at the start codon and this moves downstream along the gene.
Stages of
Transcription
Terminatio
n
is the ending of transcription occurs when RNA polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. Only one (1) strand of DNA in a gene gets transcribed
Stages of
Transcription
. The mRNA strand is complete, and it detaches from DNA. The enzyme detaches from the gene and the DNA is returned to its original state. But this time mrNA is produced. This carries the information coded in the gene. After a quick modification during mRNA processing it will leave the nucleus where all the genetic material is and move into the cytoplasm where it will find a ribosome to begin the process of translation. Eukaryotic transcripts need to go through some processing steps before translation into proteins which will be tackled by the next discussant in our group. Maam Patricia San Mateo. Take it away
Functions of Proteins
The kind of protein our cells produced tells us what parts of our bodies should be made of or what these