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CERTIFIED EXPORT SPECIALIST
EVALUATION PACK 2026 CORRECT
SOLUTIONS VALUE PACK
⩥ Why must the importer open the L/C within a specified number of days? Answer: Because the exporter needs assurance of payment and must prepare goods based on a valid credit. ⩥ Why must the exporter urge the importer to issue the L/C according to the sales contract? Answer: Because inconsistencies may cause discrepancies that lead to refusal of payment. ⩥ Why must an exporter check the L/C before shipment? Answer: To ensure its terms match the sales contract and the exporter's capacity to perform. ⩥ What should the exporter do if the L/C matches the contract and is performable? Answer: Proceed with execution of the order. ⩥ What should the exporter do if the L/C matches the contract but cannot be performed? Answer: Request correction of the L/C. ⩥ What should the exporter do if the L/C does not match the contract but can still be performed? Answer: Negotiate an amendment to the contract.
⩥ What should the exporter do if the L/C does not match the contract and cannot be performed? Answer: Ask the importer to amend the L/C. ⩥ Why should amendments to the contract be negotiated before the importer issues the L/C? Answer: To avoid later discrepancies and reduce delays in the shipment process. ⩥ What documents are required to apply for an export license in Vietnam? Answer: A licensing application, business registration certificate, and documents required by Decree 69/2018/NĐ-CP. ⩥ What legal document lists goods that require export licenses? Answer: Annex III of Decree 69/2018/NĐ-CP. ⩥ What determines how export goods must be prepared? Answer: Contract terms, L/C conditions, business characteristics, and the nature of goods. ⩥ What factors must be considered when organizing production of export goods? Answer: Raw materials, labor, equipment, production progress, processing, and deadlines.
⩥ What is a third-party inspection? Answer: An independent organization inspects and certifies the goods. ⩥ What is government inspection? Answer: Inspection by authorities such as Standards and Metrology, Food Safety, or Phytosanitary Departments. ⩥ What does the manufacturer's certificate confirm? Answer: That goods meet specified requirements and are suitably packed for shipment. ⩥ What are the three ways to arrange a contract of carriage? Answer: Use a freight forwarder, arrange shipping with an NVOCC, or hire a ship via a shipbroker. ⩥ What is a freight forwarder according to the slide? Answer: A logistics service provider arranging international transportation without owning transport equipment. ⩥ What services do freight forwarders provide? Answer: Advising shippers, booking cargo space, arranging transport, and assisting with customs clearance. ⩥ What role does a freight forwarder play between the shipper and the carrier? Answer: They act as a middleman, offering the carrier's service to the shipper and the shipper's cargo to the carrier.
⩥ What is an NVOCC? Answer: A non-vessel operating carrier that issues its own House Bill of Lading and resells vessel slots to customers. ⩥ Why can an NVOCC act as a "carrier"? Answer: Because it issues its own bill of lading and assumes carrier responsibilities under its terms. ⩥ How does an NVOCC perform its service without owning a vessel? Answer: By buying cargo space from vessel-operating carriers. ⩥ Who is the shipowner? Answer: The party who owns the merchant vessel and is registered as its legal owner. ⩥ Who is the charterer? Answer: The party renting a ship to transport cargo or passengers. ⩥ What is a charter party? Answer: A contract between shipowner and charterer defining the terms of vessel hire. ⩥ What is the role of a shipbroker? Answer: A professional who connects shipowners and charterers and arranges chartering agreements. ⩥ What is a liner charter? Answer: Hiring space on a liner vessel that operates on fixed routes and schedules.
⩥ What is a voyage charterparty? Answer: A legal document defining route, cargo, timeframe, and responsibilities. ⩥ How may freight be calculated under a voyage charter? Answer: Based on tonnage or as a lump sum. ⩥ What is a time charter? Answer: A vessel hired for a specific period during which the charterer controls the vessel's commercial use. ⩥ What is an advantage of time chartering? Answer: Flexibility in choosing routes and destinations. ⩥ What is a disadvantage of time chartering? Answer: Responsibility for many operating costs and long-term contractual commitment. ⩥ What are ICC Institute Cargo Clauses? Answer: Standard marine cargo insurance clauses specifying levels of coverage. ⩥ What does ICC (A) offer? Answer: The widest insurance coverage. ⩥ What does ICC (C) offer? Answer: The narrowest, most restrictive coverage.
⩥ What is an open cargo insurance policy? Answer: A policy covering all shipments made within a set period. ⩥ What is a voyage insurance policy? Answer: Insurance covering cargo for a specific voyage. ⩥ What is the purpose of export customs declaration? Answer: To legally register goods with customs before export. ⩥ What documents are needed for manual declaration? Answer: Export contract, invoice, packing list, export license, customs forms, and tax identification documents. ⩥ What is the first step in electronic customs declaration? Answer: Preparing required documents and entering data into the customs system. ⩥ What does "green flow" mean under the Risk Management System? Answer: Goods are cleared quickly without physical inspection. ⩥ What does "yellow flow" mean? Answer: Documents must be inspected before clearance. ⩥ What does "red flow" mean? Answer: Goods require physical inspection.
⩥ What legal document lists goods requiring import licenses in Vietnam? Answer: Annex III of Decree 69/2018/NĐ-CP. ⩥ What are the three types of import licenses listed in the slide? Answer: Import license, license subject to quotas, and automatic import license. ⩥ Why is import licensing subject to specialized management by competent ministries? Answer: Because certain goods require regulatory oversight due to safety, environmental, or market-control reasons. ⩥ Why must the importer open the L/C in import procedures? Answer: Because the seller requires a secured method of payment and cannot ship without confirmed payment instructions. ⩥ Why must an importer urge the exporter and prepare the warehouse? Answer: To ensure goods can be unloaded, stored, and processed immediately upon arrival. ⩥ Why must the importer arrange both carriage and cargo insurance? Answer: Because under FOB, the buyer is responsible for arranging transportation and insurance from the port of shipment. ⩥ What must the importer check when receiving goods documents? Answer: Whether documents are consistent, accurate, authentic, and in accordance with the contract or L/C before making payment.
⩥ What does "taking delivery using forwarding service" mean? Answer: The importer authorizes a freight forwarder to complete cargo retrieval procedures from port or airport. ⩥ What does "working directly with port/airport authority to take delivery" involve? Answer: The importer personally handles port procedures to collect goods from the warehouse or ship. ⩥ What must be done before the ship arrives at the port? Answer: The importer must receive the arrival notice and prepare required documents for delivery order issuance. ⩥ How is delivery handled for bulk cargo not packed in containers? Answer: The port receives the goods from the vessel, the importer obtains the Delivery Order, pays warehouse fees, clears customs, and moves goods to a private warehouse. ⩥ How is delivery handled for FCL cargo? Answer: The importer receives arrival notice, obtains the Delivery Order, clears customs, collects the container at CY, unloads it, and returns the empty container. ⩥ How is delivery handled for LCL cargo? Answer: The importer brings the B/L to the shipping agent, obtains the Delivery Order, and collects the cargo at the freight forwarder's CFS station.
⩥ What is a CSC (Certificate of Shortlanded Cargo)? Answer: A certificate issued when the ship delivers less cargo than stated on the manifest. ⩥ What is a Letter of Reservation (LOR)? Answer: A document issued by the consignee reserving the right to claim for potential loss or damage. ⩥ Why must the importer examine documents before payment under any method (T/T, collection, L/C)? Answer: To avoid fraud, discrepancies, or paying for goods that do not comply with the contract. ⩥ What are considered acceptable criteria when checking import documents? Answer: They must be accurate, consistent, authentic, and compliant with contractual or L/C terms. ⩥ What is a commercial invoice? Answer: A document issued by the seller requesting the buyer to pay for goods shipped. ⩥ What is a proforma invoice? Answer: A preliminary invoice used to request advance payment before goods are supplied. ⩥ What information does a proforma invoice typically contain? Answer: Description of goods, total payable amount, and transaction details.
⩥ What is a confirmation invoice? Answer: An invoice certified by the Chamber of Commerce of the exporting country. ⩥ What is a customs invoice? Answer: A document used to calculate the customs value and applicable duties. ⩥ What is a consular invoice? Answer: An invoice certified by the buyer's country's consulate in the seller's country. ⩥ What is a packing list? Answer: A document itemizing contents of each package including weight, measurements, and details of goods. ⩥ Why must a packing list be placed inside or attached outside packages? Answer: To assist customs, carriers, and consignees in cargo identification and handling. ⩥ What is a Certificate of Quantity/Weight? Answer: A document verifying actual quantity or weight of goods as inspected by a third party. ⩥ Why is this certificate important? Answer: It helps prevent disputes between buyer and seller by confirming delivered quantities. ⩥ What does a Certificate of Quality confirm? Answer: That goods meet contractual specifications and required standards.
⩥ What is a Certificate of Origin? Answer: A document certifying the country where goods were manufactured. ⩥ Why is a C/O important for customs? Answer: It determines tariffs, trade agreements, and eligibility for preferential duties. ⩥ What is Form A used for? Answer: Preferential tariffs under the GSP scheme. ⩥ What is Form B used for? Answer: Exports to countries not granting GSP or where goods fail to meet GSP rules. ⩥ What are Forms O and X used for? Answer: Coffee exports under ICO rules to member and non-member countries respectively. ⩥ What is Form D? Answer: C/O for ASEAN-to-ASEAN trade under the CEPT scheme. ⩥ What is Form E? Answer: C/O under ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement. ⩥ What is Form S? Answer: C/O for Vietnam-Laos Economic Cooperation Agreement.
⩥ What is Form AK? Answer: C/O under ASEAN-Korea Trade in Goods Agreement. ⩥ What is a Bill of Lading? Answer: A legal document issued by the carrier serving as receipt of goods, contract of carriage, and document of title. ⩥ Why is the B/L important? Answer: It is required for customs clearance, transport handling, and payment. ⩥ What is a Clean B/L? Answer: A B/L showing the goods were received in good apparent condition. ⩥ What is an Unclean (Claused) B/L? Answer: A B/L noting damage or discrepancies in the goods. ⩥ What is a Direct B/L? Answer: A B/L for shipments with no transshipment. ⩥ What is a Through B/L? Answer: A B/L covering multiple carriers or transport modes. ⩥ What is a Multimodal B/L? Answer: A B/L covering multi-modal (sea/air/land) transportation.
⩥ What is a Cargo Manifest? Answer: A list of all cargo carried on a vessel for customs and shipping purposes. ⩥ What is a Delivery Order (D/O)? Answer: A document instructing the port to release cargo to the consignee. ⩥ What is a Stowage Plan? Answer: A plan showing the arrangement of cargo on a vessel for balance and safety. ⩥ What is a Minutes of Ship Tunnel Inspection? Answer: A record verifying safety and structural conditions of ship tunnels. ⩥ What is a ROROC? Answer: A receipt confirming cargo received and indicating any discrepancies. ⩥ What is a CSC? Answer: A certificate issued for shortlanded cargo. ⩥ What is an Insurance Policy? Answer: A formal contract stating coverage, terms, obligations, and claims procedures between insurer and insured. ⩥ What is a Warehouse Receipt? Answer: A document confirming goods were received for storage.
⩥ What two parts does a Warehouse Receipt include? Answer: A storage certificate and a pledge certificate. ⩥ What is a Bill of Exchange? Answer: A written order requiring payment of a specified amount to a named party. ⩥ What is a Sight B/E? Answer: A bill payable immediately upon presentation. ⩥ What is a Time B/E? Answer: A bill payable after a specified period. ⩥ What is a Named B/E? Answer: A bill payable to a specific person. ⩥ What is a Bearer B/E? Answer: A bill payable to whoever holds it. ⩥ What is an Order B/E? Answer: A bill payable to a person or their endorsed transferee. ⩥ What is a Revocable L/C? Answer: An L/C that may be altered or canceled by the issuing bank without notice to the seller.
