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CESSWI 2 EXAM
What is the most effective stormwater practice in terms of removal of pollutants? - ANSWERS-Constructed wetlands wet ponds - ANSWERS-Have a permanent pool of water throughout the year. Treat stormwater by allowing particles to settle and algae to take up nutrients. wet ponds should always be designed with a length to width ratio of at least - ANSWERS-1.5: The contour interval measurement is the - ANSWERS-vertical distance between contour lines to find the elevation of a point on the map - ANSWERS-Find the numbered index contour line nearest the point. to find the slope - ANSWERS-take the contour lines to determine elevation change (rise) and divide by the horizontal distance associated with the slope being measured ((run) Use scale on drawing) Steep slopes - ANSWERS-have lines closer together
slope percentage - ANSWERS-(Contour lines(Run)*Contour interval(Rise))/Drawing scale Gentle slopes - ANSWERS-have larger spaces between contour lines a 45 degree slope is - ANSWERS- 1 horizontal unit to 1 vertical unit Flow is always perpendicular to - ANSWERS-the contour lines training is - ANSWERS-one of the most effective tools in the prevention of pollutants leaving the site Targeted pollutants of existing vegetation - ANSWERS-sediment, nutrients, hydrocarbons, turbidity Hydroseed limitation - ANSWERS-seasonal mixes, seasonal application, difficult on steep slopes, traffic, winds Mulching limitations - ANSWERS-not suitable on steep slopes, concentrated flows, or high wind areas, invasive species mixed in, needs re-application, traffic Rolled erosion control products limitations - ANSWERS-traffic hazard, not good in rocky areas, areas that will be mowed, or high fire areas, blankets are UV degradable, small animals get caught in material
wet ponds targeted pollutants - ANSWERS-sediment, nutrients, trash, metals, organics, hydrocarbons, temperature Multi purpose basin targeted pollutants - ANSWERS-sediment, nutrients, trash, metals, organics, petroleum Multi purpose basin limitations - ANSWERS-only remove small portion of particles suspended in water, require a large area, mosquitoes permeable surfaces limitations - ANSWERS-flooding, lower load capacity than pavement, frequent maintenance, fire access areas. infiltration pond targeted pollutants - ANSWERS-nutrients, organics, sediment, metals, petroleum Infiltration pond limitations - ANSWERS-karst areas, cold weather, not suitable for clay soils Bioretention limitations - ANSWERS-not good for cold climates, infiltration must be well analyzed, vegetation must be considered carefully vegetative filter strip limitations - ANSWERS-difficult to maintain sheet flow (short circuited), maintenance of vegetation, should not
receive highly contaminated runoff, may increase water temp, mosquitoes dry pond limitations - ANSWERS-large space required, not a one size fits all solution, re-suspension of pollutants constructed wetland limitations - ANSWERS-limited in urban areas, subject to evaporation, pollutants could get into wildlife food chain, water temperature, stormwater should be pre-treated wet pond limitations - ANSWERS-not good for urban areas, not good in arid (dry) regions, not good in cold weather, need separation from ground water, does not recharge ground water, needs pre-treatment, large drainage area, mosquitoes, not for slopes Temporary stabilization - ANSWERS-stone or plastic as a BMP to reduce erosion by stabilizing areas that will lay bare for an extended amount of time. EX. stockpiles, dikes, dams 5 types of plans - ANSWERS-1. SWPPP
- erosion and sed. plan (ESCP)
- drainage plan/grading plan
- spill prevention control and countermeasure plan (SPCC)
- MS4 stormwater management plan/program (SWMP)
MS4 SMP - ANSWERS--outline 6 minimum control measures for phase II municipalities
- outlines all requirements of implementing a stormwater program for phase I municipalities or sites (ex. hospitals, universities, or POTWs)
- details post construction inspection requirements, maintenance, pollution prevention, good housekeeping, IDDE inspections components of a plan - ANSWERS--table of contents
- ESC plan
- certification
- NOI
- site specific info (soils, topography, utilities, limits of project, runoff coefficient, receiving waters and quality, environmental assessment)
- project infor
- disturbed areas of the project
- scheduling of construction activities
- maintenance schedule of BMPs A plan certification - ANSWERS-identifies the person or persons responsible for implementation pollutants of concern - ANSWERS-sediment, turbidity, hydrocarbons, biological, nutrients, metals, pH
MS4 may list TMDL requirements for the following pollutants - ANSWERS-solid waste, temperature, Haz waste, trash, construction material handling, organics example of a visible pollutants - ANSWERS-sediment or turbidity example of non-visible pollutant - ANSWERS-pH Categories of BMPs - ANSWERS--site planning and management (training/ scheduling)
- erosion control
- sediment control
- runoff control
- good housekeeping
- post construction SWPPP amendments - ANSWERS--changes in area of disturbance
- inadequate or additional BMPs
- new identified pollutants
- changes in drainage areas
- post- con BMP changes
- changes in project duration Reportable Quantities of fuel/oil (NOT incl. gasoline) - ANSWERS- land- 25 gal
- riparian buffer zones Tree protection - ANSWERS-minimizes the potential of removing or injuring trees that protect soils from erosion hydromulch - ANSWERS-temporary BMP that consists of wood or other fiber in a hydraulic matrix with a tackifying agent hydroseed - ANSWERS-temporary or permanent BMP that consists of seed, fertilizer, and stabilizing emulsion applied with hydraulic equipment to protect soil from erosion Mulching is not suitable on - ANSWERS-steep slopes, areas of concentrated flow, or high wind areas Rolled erosion control products - ANSWERS-temporary or permanent structural BMPs to protect from erosion on slopes or high flow areas; blankets (temp.) or turf reinforcement mats (perm.) seeding - ANSWERS-brings about establishment of annual (temp.) or perennial (perm.) vegetative cover Surface roughening - ANSWERS-temporary procedural BMP that uses mechanized equipment to apply a rough texture to graded soils. Forces water to encounter small sediment traps as it travels down a slope.
temporary stabilization (other than seeding) - ANSWERS-stone or plastic BMP used to reduce erosion on areas that will lay bare for extended period of time. Ex. stockpiles, dams, dikes Baffles - ANSWERS-structural BMPs designed to lengthen the flow path of basins/traps/ponds as well as slowing the flow in these devices. Pollutants fall out of suspension fiber rolls/ wattles - ANSWERS-temporary structural BMPs consisting of straw, coconut husk, rice straw, mulch, or compost placed into rolls that capture sediment and reduce flow/ velocity Sediment basin - ANSWERS-structural BMP that allows stormwater runoff to be collected and sediment to fall out of suspension before water is allowed to undergo controlled release. Larger drainage area sediment trap - ANSWERS-structural BMP that provides and area for sediment laden runoff to pond, allowing the sediment to settle out of suspension before runoff is discharged. Smaller drainage area Stabilized construction entrance/exit - ANSWERS-reduces the tracking of sediment onto public rights of way. 50 ft long, 10 ft wide, 6 - 12in deep temporary stream crossing - ANSWERS-comprised of a culvert, ford, or bridge that spans waterway to provide construction traffic a safe and stable access point. Not to exceed a year of use
permeable pavement does not work well in soils - ANSWERS-Clay (D soils) infiltration basins/ponds - ANSWERS-consists of a shallow impoundment, which is designed to infiltrate stormwater into soil. Increases baseflow of streams due to ground water recharging infiltration trench - ANSWERS-BMP that is a rock filled trench with no outlet that receives stormwater runoff. Stormwater is passed through a combination of pretreatment measures (swale, basin) then into trench where it is stored in a void space and then infiltrates into soil. infiltration trenches treat small sites less than - ANSWERS- 5 acres bioretention - ANSWERS-features plants, specialized soils and mulches to provide onsite treatment of stormwater runoff. They collect surface runoff and serve as water quality and quantity BMP sand and organic filters - ANSWERS- 2 celled or chambered BMP; 1st cell settles large pollutants, 2nd cell acts as filtering device (sand). Treat up to 10 Acres. Does not discharge to groundwater system or soils. dry pond - ANSWERS-used to detain stormwater runoff to allow particles and associated pollutants to settle
Multi purpose basins target which nutrient pollutions? - ANSWERS- Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P), and Potassium (K)
