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- Draw the Lewis structures, showing all valence electrons for the following species. Include contributing resonance structures where appropriate.
NCOโ^ COF 2
F C
O
F
NO 3 โ
- Tranexamic acid, trans -(4-aminomethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, is used for the treatment of severe haemorrhage in patients with haemophilia.
Marks 4
Provide the requested information for each of the indicated atoms in tranexamic acid.
Atom Arrangement of the electron pairs around the atom
Hybridisation of the atom
Geometry/shape of ฯ-bonding electron pairs around the atom
C- 1 Trigonal planar sp^2 Trigonal planar
C- 2 Tetrahedron sp^3 Tetrahedron
O- 3 Tetrahedron sp^3 Angular / bent
N- 4 Tetrahedron sp^3 Trigonal pyramid
CH 2 NH
2
C
HO
O 1
2
3
4
- Which one of the following molecules has a dipole moment?
A CS 2 No, molecules is symmetric B CHCl 3 Yes C SF 6 No, molecules is symmetric D CCl 4 No, molecules is symmetric E O 2 No, identical atoms bonded so not a polar bond
Marks 1
- What is the molecular geometry/shape of ammonia?
A tetrahedral B trigonal pyramidal โโโโ C square planar D octahedral E linear
- What is the spatial arrangement of the valence shell electron pairs (ฯ and non- bonding) in the CH 3 โ^ ion? A trigonal planar B tetrahedral โโโโ C trigonal pyramidal D bent E square planar
- Draw the Lewis structures, showing all valence electrons for the following species and indicate their molecular geometry.
CH 3 โ^ CH 3 +
H C
H
H
Molecular Trigonal pyramid
Geometry:
Molecular Trigonal planar Geometry:
Indicate which of these species you expect will be more stable and explain why.
CH 3 โ^ has 8 electrons and is more stable than CH 3 ++++^ which only has 6 electrons.
