Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. īPublishing as Prentice
Hall 1
CHAPTER 8:
CHAPTER 8:
DATABASE APPLICATION
DATABASE APPLICATION
DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT
Modern Database Management
11th Edition
Jeffrey A. Hoffer, V. Ramesh,
Heikki Topi
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Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 1
CHAPTER 8: CHAPTER 8:
DATABASE APPLICATION DATABASE APPLICATION
DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT
Modern Database Management
th
Edition
Jeffrey A. Hoffer, V. Ramesh, Heikki Topi
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES
ļ (^) Define terms ļ (^) Explain three components of client/server systems: presentation, processing, and storage ļ (^) Distinguish between two-tier and three-tier architectures ļ (^) Describe how to connect to databases in 2-tier systems using VB.NET and Java ļ (^) Describe key components and information flow in Web applications ļ (^) Describe how to connect to databases in 3-tier applications using JSP, PHP, and ASP .NET ļ (^) Explain the purpose of XML ļ (^) See how XQuery can be used to query XML documents ļ (^) Explain how XML fosters Web services and SOAs
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
APPLICATION LOGIC IN C/S APPLICATION LOGIC IN C/S
SYSTEMS SYSTEMS
GUI Interface Procedures, functions, programs DBMS activities Processing Logic Processing Logic ļ® (^) I/O processingI/O processing ļ® (^) Business rulesBusiness rules ļ® (^) Data managementData management Storage Logic Storage Logic ļ® (^) Data storage/retrievalData storage/retrieval Presentation Logic Presentation Logic ļ® (^) Inputākeyboard/mouseInputākeyboard/mouse ļ® (^) Outputāmonitor/printerOutputāmonitor/printer
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
APPLICATION PARTITIONING APPLICATION PARTITIONING
ļ
Placing portions of the application
code in different locations (client
vs. server) after it is written
ļ
Advantages
Improved performance
Improved interoperability
Balanced workloads
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall FIGURE 8-2 COMMON LOGIC FIGURE 8-2 COMMON LOGIC DISTRIBUTIONS DISTRIBUTIONS b) Three-tier and n -tier client-server environments Processing logic will be at application server or Web server.
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
TWO-TIER DATABASE SERVER TWO-TIER DATABASE SERVER
ARCHITECTURES ARCHITECTURES
ļ Client workstation is responsible for ļ (^) Presentation logic
Data processing logic
Business rules logic ļ Server performs all data storage, access, and processing ļ (^) Typically called a database server ļØ DBMS is only on serverDBMS is only on server
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO-TIER CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO-TIER
CLIENT/SERVER SYSTEMS CLIENT/SERVER SYSTEMS
ļ Departmental in scope (few users) ļ Not mission-critical ļ Low transaction volumes ļ Common programming languages:
Java, VB .NET, C# ļ Interface database via middleware, APIs
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
MIDDLEWARE AND APIS MIDDLEWARE AND APIS
ļ (^) Middleware ā software that allows an application to interoperate with other software without requiring user to understand and code low-level operations ļ (^) Application Program Interface (API) ā routines that an application uses to direct the performance of procedures by the computerās operating system ļ (^) Common database APIs ā ODBC, ADO .NET, JDBC
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
THREE-TIER ARCHITECTURES THREE-TIER ARCHITECTURES
Thin Client
ļ¬ (^) PC just for user interface and a little application processing. Limited or no data storage (sometimes no hard drive) GUI interface (I/O processing) Browser Business rules Web Server Data storage DBMS
Client Client
Application server Application server
Database server Database server
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
THIN CLIENT THIN CLIENT
An application where the client (PC)
accessing the application primarily
provides the user interfaces and some
application processing, usually with no
or limited local data storage.
Usually, thin client application is a Web
browser and the 3-tier architecture
involves a Web application.
Figure 8-7 A database-enabled intranet/Internet environment Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
LANGUAGES FOR CREATING WEB LANGUAGES FOR CREATING WEB
ļ PAGES^ PAGES
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) ļ (^) Markup language specifically for Web pages ļ (^) Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) ļ (^) Markup language standard ļ (^) Extensible Markup Language (XML) ļ (^) Markup language allowing customized tags ļ (^) XHTML ļ (^) XML-compliant extension of HTML ļ (^) JavaScript/VBScript ļ (^) Scripting languages that enable interactivity in HTML documents ļ (^) Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) ļ (^) Control appearance of Web elements in an HML document ļ (^) XSL and XSLT ļ (^) XMS style sheet and transformation to HTML Standards and Web conventions established by World Wide Web World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Consortium (W3C)
Chapter 8 Ā© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallĀ© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
PROCESSING IN 3-TIER PROCESSING IN 3-TIER
APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS
Static page requests
ļ (^) .htm or .html requests handled by the Web server
ļ Dynamic page requests
ļ (^) .jsp, .aspx, and .php requests are routed to the application server ļ (^) Server-side processing by JSP servlet, ASP .NET application, ColdFusion, or PHP ļ (^) Database access via JDBC, ADO .NET, or other database middleware