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Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology Acute onset - ansSudden beginning of a disease or disorder. Anaerobic - ansMetabolism and function without oxygen Apoptosis - ansNormal programmed cell death in tissues Autopsy - ansAn examination of part or all of a body postmortem Biopsy - ansThe removal of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination to determine a Dx Cellular Adaptions - ans1) Atrophy- Decrease in the size of cells 2) Hypertrophy- Increase in the size of cells 3) Hyperplasia- Increase in the number of cells 4) Metaplasia- Replacement of one mature cell type by another 5) Dysplasia- Cells vary in size and shape
Typology: Exercises
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Acute onset - ansSudden beginning of a disease or disorder. Anaerobic - ansMetabolism and function without oxygen Apoptosis - ansNormal programmed cell death in tissues Autopsy - ansAn examination of part or all of a body postmortem Biopsy - ansThe removal of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination to determine a Dx Cellular Adaptions - ans1) Atrophy- Decrease in the size of cells
does not take into account cost, availability, or social and cultural factors that may influence use and acceptance of a therapy. Exogenous - ansOriginating from outside the body Gangrene - ansNecrotic tissue infected by bacteria Homeostasis - ansA relatively stable or constant environment in the body, including BP, temperature, and pH, maintained by the carious control mechanisms. How collects reports from health care professionals? - ansWHO, United States Public Health Service, CDC HPV - ansHas a prevalence of about 45% in Americans age 20-24. Est. 70-80% of sexually active Americans will be infected with it at some point in their life. Gardasil, a new vaccine, prevents types 16, 18, 6, 11 and can help prevent cervical cancer. Hypoxia - ansA decrease or insufficient level of oxygen in the tissues Iatrogenic - ansCaused by Tx, procedure, or error Iatrogenic - ansDisease caused by Tx, procedure, or error. Idiopathic - ansCause of disease is unknown Idiopathic - ansNo known cause Importance of Hx, SAMPLE - ans1) May determine Tx,
Infection - ansA disease caused by a microorganism Inflammation - ansThe response to tissue damage, indicted by redness, swelling, warmth, and pain Insidious onset - ansDevelopment of a disorder/disease that occurs gradually over an extended period (contrast with acute onset). Ischemia - ansDecreased blood supply to an organ or tissue Lesion - ansA specific local change in the tissue. Lysis - ansDestruction of a cell Lysosomal - ansPertaining to a cell containing digestive or lytic enzymes, including lysozyme Microorganism - ansVery small living organism, not visible to the naked eye, usually single-celled Morphologic - ansThe physical size, form, structure, and shape of cells and organs Occurrence of disease - ans1) Epidemic- Higher than normal disease rate in a given area
Pathophysiology - ansA specific branch of pathology that studies functional or physiologic changes in the body that results from disease processes. Predisposing Factors - ansTendencies that promote development of a disease in an individual. Prevention - ansIs closely linked to etiology and predisposing factors for a specific disease. Preventive measures based on accurate research - ansVaccinations, porper diet/lifestyle, cessation of harmful behavior, removal of harmful materials Probability - ansThe likelihood or chance of occurrence Quality Assurance Program - ansAn ongoing systematic process designed to evaluate and promote excellence in the health care provided to clients Seven Steps to Health - ans1) Be a non-smoker and avoid second-hand smoke
Syndrome - ansA collection of S/S of a particular disease process, often affecting more than one organ, that usually occur together in response to a certain condition. The basic building blocks that facilitates the study of a specific disease - ans1) The signs related to the specific site of damage.