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Nursing Exam Questions & Answers
(Grade A+)
Which is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year in the United States? a. Congenital anomalies b. Sudden infant death syndrome c. Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight d. Maternal complications specific to the perinatal period - correct answer ✅a. Congenital anomalies Congenital anomalies account for 20.1% of deaths in infants younger than 1 year compared with sudden infant death syndrome, which accounts for 8.2%; disorders related to short gestation and unspecified low birth weight, which account for 16.5%; and maternal complications such as infections specific to the perinatal period, which account for 6.1% of deaths in infants younger than 1 year of age. What is the major cause of death for children older than 1 year in the United States?
Nursing Exam Questions & Answers
(Grade A+)
a. Heart disease b. Childhood cancer c. Unintentional injuries d. Congenital anomalies - correct answer ✅c. Unintentional injuries Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence. The leading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is congenital anomalies, and childhood cancers and heart disease cause a significantly lower percentage of deaths in children older than 1 year of age. In addition to injuries, what are the leading causes of death in adolescents ages 15 to 19 years? a. Suicide and cancer b. Suicide and homicide c. Drowning and cancer
Nursing Exam Questions & Answers
(Grade A+)
The majority of deaths from unintentional injuries occur in males. The pattern of death does vary greatly among different ethnic groups, and the causes of unintentional deaths vary with age and gender. The nurse should assess which age group for suicide ideation since suicide in which age group is the third leading cause of death? a. Preschoolers b. Young school age c. Middle school age d. Late school age and adolescents - correct answer ✅d. Late school age and adolescents Suicide is the third leading cause of death in children ages 10 to 19 years; therefore, the age group should be late school age and adolescents. Suicide is not one of the leading causes of death for preschool and young or middle school-aged children.
Nursing Exam Questions & Answers
(Grade A+)
Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, What is meant by family-centered care? The nurse should respond with which statement? a. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversity on the family. b. Family-centered care encourages family dependence on the health care system. c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a childs life. d. Family-centered care avoids expecting families to be part of the decision-making process. - correct answer ✅c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a childs life. The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support. Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the childs life. The family should be enabled and empowered to work with the health care system and is expected to be part of the decision-making process. The nurse should also support the familys cultural diversity, not reduce its effect.
Nursing Exam Questions & Answers
(Grade A+)
a. Using information in textbooks to guide care b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition c. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision making d. Gathering all evidence that applies to the childs health and family situation - correct answer ✅b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions; and questioning what is the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on data, not all evidence on a particular situation, and involves the latest available data. Nurses can use textbooks to determine areas of concern and potential involvement. Which best describes signs and symptoms as part of a nursing diagnosis? a. Description of potential risk factors
Nursing Exam Questions & Answers
(Grade A+)
b. Identification of actual health problems c. Human response to state of illness or health d. Cues and clusters derived from patient assessment
correct answer ✅d. Cues and clusters derived from patient assessment Signs and symptoms are the cues and clusters of defining characteristics that are derived from a patient assessment and indicate actual health problems. The first part of the nursing diagnosis is the problem statement, also known as the human response to the state of illness or health. The identification of actual health problems may be part of the medical diagnosis. The nursing diagnosis is based on the human response to these problems. The human response is therefore a component of the nursing diagnostic statement. Potential risk factors are used to identify nursing care needs to avoid the development of an actual health problem when a potential one exists.
Nursing Exam Questions & Answers
(Grade A+)
The family should be allowed to stay with the child during procedures, minimizing stress. Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream is a topical local anesthetic. The nurse should plan to use the prescribed cream in time for morning laboratory draws to minimize pain. Which situation denotes a non-therapeutic nurse patient family relationship? a. The nurse is planning to read a favorite fairy tale to a patient. b. During shift report, the nurse is criticizing parents for not visiting their child. c. The nurse is discussing with a fellow nurse the emotional draw to a certain patient. d. The nurse is working with a family to find ways to decrease the family's dependence on health d. care providers. - correct answer ✅b. During shift report, the nurse is criticizing parents for not visiting their child.
Nursing Exam Questions & Answers
(Grade A+)
Criticizing parents for not visiting in shift report is non- therapeutic and shows an under involvement with the parents. Reading a fairy tale is a therapeutic and age appropriate action. Discussing feelings of an emotional draw with a fellow nurse is therapeutic and shows a willingness to understand feelings. Working with parents to decrease dependence on health care providers is therapeutic and helps to empower the family. The nurse is aware that which age group is at risk for childhood injury because of the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking? a. Preschool b. Young school age c. Middle school age d. Adolescent - correct answer ✅a. Preschool Preschool children have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking, meaning they are
Nursing Exam Questions & Answers
(Grade A+)
high activity temperament is associated with risk- taking behaviors, and stress predisposes children to increased risk taking and self-destructive behaviors. Therefore, a male child with a high activity level and living in a stressful environment has the highest number of risk factors. A girl with several siblings and a stable home life is low risk. A boy with previous injuries has two risk factors, but an even temper is not a risk factor for injuries. A girl who reacts negatively to new situations but has no previous serious illnesses has only one risk factor. An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his parents. Which moral value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make decisions? a. Justice b. Autonomy c. Beneficence d. Nonmaleficence - correct answer ✅b. Autonomy
Nursing Exam Questions & Answers
(Grade A+)
Autonomy is the patients right to be self-governing. The adolescent is trying to be autonomous, so the nurse is supporting this value. Justice is the concept of fairness. Beneficence is the obligation to promote the patients well-being. Nonmaleficence is the obligation to minimize or prevent harm.
