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_Student: ____________________________________________________________________________
- Which of the following was the main concern of Barbara Ehrenreich's study in Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America?
A. large cities B. education C. stratification in society D. crime
- The scientific study of social behavior and human groups is known as:
A. psychology. B. political science. C. anthropology. D. sociology.
- Sociology:
A. is the scientific study of social behavior and human groups. B. focuses primarily on how social relationships influence people's behavior. C. focuses on how societies develop and change. D. all of these
- The awareness that allows people to comprehend the link between their immediate, personal social settings and the remote, impersonal social world is called:
A. the sociological imagination. B. anthropology. C. a theory. D. verstehen.
- ____________ is most closely associated with the concept of the sociological imagination.
A. Émile Durkheim B. Max Weber C. Karl Marx D. C. Wright Mills
- A key element in the sociological imagination is the ability to view one's own society:
A. from the perspective of personal experience. B. from the perspective of cultural biases. C. as an outsider. D. as an insider.
- A sociologist observing behavior at a college football game would probably focus on:
A. what books the coach of the team has read during the past year. B. a "fan" who has fallen asleep during the game's fourth quarter. C. the interaction among fans during the pre-game ritual of tailgate parties. D. the cleanliness of the rest room facilities in the stadium.
- Which of the following would be an example of the use of the sociological imagination?
A. a study of an individual's sleeping patterns B. an analysis of the content of dreams C. a study that concentrates on the behavior of people listening to a religious service compared to those listening to a rock concert D. an analysis of the powers of the President of the U.S. to declare war
- Which aspect of divorce would most likely be of interest to sociologists using the sociological imagination?
A. the structural impact of divorce B. the personal hardships of a man or woman divorcing C. the average amount of child support payments for dependent children D. the number of suicides connected to divorce
- C. Wright Mills advocated the use of the sociological imagination to view divorce in the United States because divorce:
A. is a serious personal problem for numerous men and women. B. is not just an individual's personal problem but a societal concern. C. may create emotional scars for divorcees. D. has been a serious problem throughout history.
- The sociological imagination is an empowering tool because:
A. it allows us to look beyond a limited understanding of the world. B. it helps us to understand why certain people may prefer hip-hop music. C. it helps open up a different way of understanding other populations in the world. D. all of these
- The body of knowledge obtained using methods based upon systematic observation is called a (an):
A. theory. B. verstehen. C. science. D. ideal type.
- Sociology is considered a science because sociologists:
A. teach at respected universities. B. engage in organized and systematic study of phenomena to enhance understanding. C. receive government funding for research projects. D. construct middle-range theories to explain social behavior.
- Which of the following academic disciplines is classified as a social science?
A. biology B. physics C. anthropology D. astronomy
- Which social science would be interested in the stances taken by elected officials both during and in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina?
A. history B. economics C. sociology D. political science
- Which social science would be interested in cost comparisons between the use of the death penalty and incarceration for criminal offenders?
A. history B. economics C. sociology D. political science
- A natural scientist would be likely to study:
A. the clothing patterns of a group of people during a hundred-year period. B. food preparation among a tribal group in New Guinea. C. rock formations and composition in the Grand Canyon. D. the interaction between men and women on a college campus.
- A social scientist would be likely to study the:
A. composition of a meteorite discovered in a remote area of Siberia. B. reasons for the decreasing divorce rate in the U.S. C. newest procedure in heart transplant surgery. D. possibility of life on Mars.
- Sociologists argue that, unlike scientific knowledge, common sense conclusions are:
A. not published. B. not reliable. C. not politically correct. D. easily disseminated.
- Contrary to common sense, a 2007 study of military marriages showed:
A. a significant rise in divorce rates. B. a significant decrease in divorce rates. C. no significant increase in the divorce rate. D. the rate was the same as the civilian rate.
- An attempt to explain problems, actions, or behavior in a comprehensive manner is called a (an):
A. science. B. typology. C. theory. D. ideal type.
- In his research on suicide, Émile Durkheim's found that:
A. Protestants had higher suicide rates than Catholics. B. married people had higher suicide rates than unmarried people. C. civilians had higher suicide rates than soldiers. D. suicide rates were higher during periods of prosperity than during periods of depression.
- Émile Durkheim's study of suicide related suicide rates to:
A. personal depression. B. personal stress. C. the extent to which people were integrated into the group life of a society. D. climatic conditions such as oppressive heat, heavy rain, and cold winters.
- Émile Durkheim's explanation of suicide was scientific because he:
A. developed conclusions based on systematic examination of data. B. carefully studied the personalities of hundreds of suicide victims. C. worked in a university setting. D. divided suicide into four distinctive categories.
- Which of the following statements is an example of a sociological theory?
A. Suicide rates are a reflection of whether people are, or are not, integrated into the group life of a society. B. John's suicide was probably the result of the stress he was feeling at work. C. Social groups must have three or more members. D. Betting on horse races increases on sunny days.
- Émile Durkheim is known for his classic sociological study of:
A. suicide. B. abortion. C. soccer. D. crowd control.
- The discipline of sociology was given its name by the French theorist:
A. Émile Durkheim. B. Auguste Comte. C. Harriet Martineau. D. Marcel Marceau.
- A sociologist interviews high-salaried corporate chief executive officers (CEOs) to discover whether they feel stress in their everyday lives as a result of the pressure to produce at an unrealistic level. This sociologist is employing:
A. alienation. B. anomie. C. verstehen. D. globalization techniques.
- The concept of verstehen was introduced into sociology by:
A. Auguste Comte. B. Émile Durkheim. C. Max Weber. D. C. Wright Mills.
- An ideal type is:
A. a body of knowledge obtained by methods based on systematic observation. B. a construct or model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated. C. a detailed plan or method for obtaining data scientifically. D. an initiator of people's attitudes or behavior.
- A construct or model that serves as a measuring rod against which actual cases can be evaluated is called a (an):
A. ideal type. B. typology. C. natural science. D. theory.
- A sociology instructor asks students to make lists of the characteristics of the best and worst possible instructors. These lists, which would be used to evaluate all instructors, are an example of a (an):
A. typology. B. ideal type. C. verstehen. D. hypothesis.
- In The Communist Manifesto , Marx argued that the working class must:
A. ally with capitalists to build a better world. B. try to work toward a return to feudalism. C. overthrow the existing class system of capitalist societies. D. ignore all aspects of class divisions.
- Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels said, "the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. [.. .] The _______________ have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES UNITE!"
A. bourgeoisie B. proletarians C. vulcans D. middle classes
- Marx viewed the relationship between the capitalists and the exploited workers in systemic terms; that is, he believed that a system of _____________ relationships maintained the power and dominance of the owners over the workers.
A. economic B. political C. social D. all of these
- In Karl Marx's analysis, society was fundamentally divided between:
A. men and women who clash in pursuit of their own interests. B. classes that clash in pursuit of their own class interests. C. Blacks and Whites who clash in pursuit of their own racial interests. D. the religious and the nonreligious who clash in pursuit of their own interests.
- Which of the following was a central focus for Charles Horton Cooley?
A. class issues B. divorce C. intimate face-to-face groups D. suicide
- Early female sociologists such as Jane Addams were often active in poor urban areas as leaders of community centers known as:
A. settlement houses. B. communes. C. collective homes. D. utopian communities.
- Although some of the early sociologists saw themselves as social reformers, by the middle of the twentieth century, the focus of the discipline of sociology had shifted to:
A. theorizing and gathering information. B. a de-emphasis on the scientific method. C. applied sociology. D. the advocacy of civil rights for minorities.
- Which sociologist made an important contribution to the discipline by successfully combining theory and research?
A. C. Wright Mills B. Jane Addams C. Harriet Martineau D. Robert Merton
- _______________ stresses the study of small groups and often uses experimental study in laboratories.
A. Microsociology B. Macrosociology C. Middle-range sociology D. Conflict theory
- According to the functionalist perspective, an aspect of social life is passed on from one generation to the next if it:
A. can be used by one group to subjugate another group. B. enhances impression management. C. promotes value consensus among members of a society. D. is dysfunctional.
- Which of the following could be a manifest function of colleges?
A. They are a place to meet future husbands or wives. B. They sometimes fail to teach students how to read or write effectively. C. They help to maintain the economic status quo in the U.S. D. They prepare students for post-college careers.
- An element or a process of society that may actually disrupt a social system or lead to a decrease in stability is known as a:
A. latent function. B. manifest function. C. dysfunction. D. conflict function.
- Children who experience divorce in their family are more likely to experience divorce themselves when they are adults. This is an example of a:
A. dysfunction of families. B. latent function of families. C. manifest function of families. D. proactive function of families.
- Which sociological perspective sees the social world as being in continual struggle?
A. functionalist perspective B. conflict perspective C. interactionist perspective D. global perspective
- Critics of television often suggest that executives of major television networks and movie corporations are wealthy White males who decide which programs or movies will be produced and which directors and actors will obtain jobs in the industry. This analysis reflects the:
A. functionalist perspective. B. conflict perspective. C. interactionist perspective. D. global perspective.
- Contemporary conflict theorists are concerned with the conflict between:
A. women and men. B. cities and suburbs. C. Blacks and Whites. D. all of these
- Which of the following sociologists advocated basic research on the lives of Blacks?
A. Robert Merton B. Jane Addams C. W.E.B. Du Bois D. C. Wright Mills
- Which sociological approach focuses on the macrolevel and would tend to view inequality in gender as central to behavior and organization?
A. functionalist perspective B. conflict perspective C. interactionist perspective D. feminist perspective
- Which sociologist explored what it meant to be female and Black living in the U.S.?
A. Jane Addams B. Ida Wells-Barnett C. Harriet Martineau D. Meda Chesney-Lind
- Which sociological perspective generalizes about everyday forms of social interaction in order to understand society as a whole?
A. functionalist perspective B. conflict perspective C. interactionist perspective D. all of these
- Which sociologist is widely regarded as the founder of the interactionist perspective?
A. C. Wright Mills B. George Herbert Mead C. Charles Horton Cooley D. Erving Goffman
- Which sociological perspective holds the view that people create their social worlds through interaction and manipulation of symbols?
A. functionalist B. conflict C. interactionist D. global
- Which sociological perspective is most concerned with macrolevel analysis?
A. functionalist perspective B. conflict perspective C. interactionist perspective D. both functionalist and conflict perspectives.
- Which sociological perspective would view sports as serving as a safety valve for both participants and spectators, allowing them to shed tension and aggressive energy in a socially acceptable way?
A. functionalist perspective B. conflict perspective C. interactionist perspective D. feminist perspective
- Which sociological perspective would most likely suggest that sports help to maintain people's physical well-being?
A. functionalist perspective B. conflict perspective C. interactionist perspective D. feminist perspective
- The view that sports serve as an "opiate" for social injustices and distract people from focusing on the reality of personal problems and social issues would most likely be held by:
A. functionalists. B. conflict theorists. C. interactionists. D. global sociologists.
- Which sociological perspective would suggest that sports participants may work together harmoniously, and abandon previously held stereotypes and prejudices despite class, racial, and religious differences?
A. functionalist perspective B. conflict perspective C. interactionist perspective D. feminist perspective
- Which of the following statements is true?
A. Clinical sociologists take direct responsibility for implementing their ideas. B. There are no established procedures for certifying clinical sociologists. C. Applied and clinical sociology are the same. D. Clinical sociology has existed for only the last twenty years.
- The fact that the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the U.S. led to an economic decline throughout the world is an example of:
A. U.S. world domination. B. world support for the U.S. C. social inequality. D. globalization.
- Which of the following is a common view of globalization?
A. it allows multinational corporations to expand unchecked B. it is the natural outcome of advances in communications technology C. it rarely impacts people in developing countries D .
it allows multinational corporations to expand unchecked AND it is the natural outcome of advances in communications technology.
- Which statement about the 2004 tsunami is true?
A. Statement A: Because it occurred in a poor part of the world, global stock markets were heavily impacted. B. Statement B: Approximately 225,000 people were killed by the tsunami. C. Statement C: The tsunami disaster cannot be related to globalization. D. both A and C
- What is considered to be the major theme of analysis in sociology today?
A. social inequality B. individual inferiority C. genetic influences D. mental disturbance
- A condition in which members of society have differing amounts of wealth, prestige, or power is referred to as:
A. social inequality. B. pure sociology. C. applied sociology. D. social psychology.
- Sociology is the systematic study of social behavior and the study of individual personality differences.
True False
- Studies show women do talk more daily than men.
True False
- An effective sociological theory may have both explanatory and predictive power.
True False
- Herbert Spencer suggested that sociologists should be highly critical of the status quo and should work actively for social change.
True False
- Karl Marx saw the factory as the center of conflict between society's exploiters and its exploited masses.
True False
- Harriet Martineau and Ida B. Wells prevented the implementation of a racial segregation policy in the Chicago public school system in the early 1900s and helped to establish settlement houses in that city.
True False
- In the middle of the twentieth century, the focus of sociology shifted from theorizing and information gathering to a more active interest in transforming society.
True False
106.Explain the similarities and differences between the three major sociological perspectives of functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Identify which perspectives use a macrolevel or a microlevel of analysis.
107.Describe the similarities and differences between conflict theory and the feminist perspective.
ch1 Key
- Which of the following was the main concern of Barbara Ehrenreich's study in Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America?
A. large cities B. education C. stratification in society D. crime
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: I
- The scientific study of social behavior and human groups is known as:
A. psychology. B. political science. C. anthropology. D. sociology.
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: D
- Sociology:
A. is the scientific study of social behavior and human groups. B. focuses primarily on how social relationships influence people's behavior. C. focuses on how societies develop and change. D. all of these
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: D
- The awareness that allows people to comprehend the link between their immediate, personal social settings and the remote, impersonal social world is called:
A. the sociological imagination. B. anthropology. C. a theory. D. verstehen.
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: D
- ____________ is most closely associated with the concept of the sociological imagination.
A. Émile Durkheim B. Max Weber C. Karl Marx D. C. Wright Mills
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: S
- The sociological imagination is an empowering tool because:
A. it allows us to look beyond a limited understanding of the world. B. it helps us to understand why certain people may prefer hip-hop music. C. it helps open up a different way of understanding other populations in the world. D. all of these
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: I
- The body of knowledge obtained using methods based upon systematic observation is called a (an):
A. theory. B. verstehen. C. science. D. ideal type.
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: D
- Sociology is considered a science because sociologists:
A. teach at respected universities. B. engage in organized and systematic study of phenomena to enhance understanding. C. receive government funding for research projects. D. construct middle-range theories to explain social behavior.
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: I
- Which of the following subject areas is an example of a natural science?
A. philosophy B. British literature C. ceramics D. geology
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: C
- Sociology, anthropology, economics, and history study various aspects of human society and are therefore considered:
A. natural sciences. B. social sciences. C. typologies. D. psychological categories.
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: D
- Astronomy, biology, chemistry, geology, and physics study various aspects of the physical features of nature and are therefore considered:
A. natural sciences. B. social sciences. C. typologies. D. psychological categories.
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: D
- Which of the following academic disciplines would most likely explore the ways in which people produce and exchange goods?
A. history B. psychology C. economics D. sociology
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: D
- Which of the following academic disciplines investigates personality and individual behavior?
A. history B. psychology C. political science D. sociology
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: D
- Which of the following academic disciplines emphasizes the influence that society has on people's attitudes and behavior and the ways in which people shape society?
A. anthropology B. economics C. sociology D. physics
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: D
- Which of the following academic disciplines is classified as a natural science?
A. sociology B. history C. political science D. biology
Schaefer - Chapter 01 # Type: I
