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Chapter 3 Medication Aide.
pharmacology - ANSWERthe branch of medicine that studies the uses and effects of drugs. efficacy - ANSWERin pharmacology, the success of a drug in improving health. side effects - ANSWERchanges caused by a medication that do not relate to its intended purpose. pharmacodynamics - ANSWERthe study of how a drug affects the body. pharmacokinetics - ANSWERthe study of how drugs are processed by the body. clinical effect - ANSWERthe effect of a drug on a specific person. administer - ANSWERin pharmacology, the process of giving a drug to a person. absorption - ANSWERin pharmacology, how a drug moves from where it is administered to the bloodstream; in more general terms, refers to the transfer of nutrients from the intestines to the cells. distribution - ANSWERin pharmacology, how a drug moves from the bloodstream to the tissues of the body.
metabolism - ANSWERin pharmacology, how a drug is broken down by the body. excretion - ANSWERin pharmacology, how a drug exits the body. aerosol - ANSWERa fine spray or mist containing particles suspended in a gas. drops - ANSWERa very small amount of liquid, given by dropper. elixir - ANSWERa clean, thin flavored liquid, often containing alcohol. spray - ANSWERa liquid pushed through the air in tiny drops; may be sprayed into the nose or onto another part of the body. solution - ANSWERa solid, liquid, or gas dissolved in a liquid. suspension - ANSWERa liquid mixture containing drug particles that are not completely dissolved; must be shaken before administration. syrup - ANSWERa medication in a solution of sugar (or other sweetener) and water, with or without flavor. tincture - ANSWERan extract, usually of a plant material, dissolved in alcohol. tablets - ANSWERa form of medicine pressed into a hard pill.
effervescent tablet - ANSWERa tablet that releases bubbles of carbon dioxide gas when dropped in a liquid. powder - ANSWERa form of medication that may be used externally (applied to the skin) or mixed into a liquid. capsule - ANSWERa form of medication made of hard or soft gelatin with powdered, granulated, or liquid medication inside. lozenge - ANSWERa solid form of medication with a texture similar to hard candy. troches - ANSWERa solid form of medication related to lozenges; may be hard or have a gummy consistency. controlled release - ANSWERmedication designed for continuous release over time. topical - ANSWERa drug that is applied to a body surface. ointment - ANSWERa semisolid medication form that is thick and greasy; it may provide protective and lubricating effects. creams - ANSWERa medication form that may also contain soothing or moisturizing ingredients. lotion - ANSWERa medication form similar to a cream, but thinner.
paste - ANSWERa semisolid medication form that is thick, stiff, and mixed with a nongreasy base. suppositories - ANSWERa medication form in which a drug is mixed with a waxy substance and pressed into a small round or cone shape; may be inserted into the rectum or vagina. liability - ANSWERa legal term that means someone can be held responsible for harming someone else. patch - ANSWERin pharmacology, a medication form that allows semisolid or liquid medication to be absorbed through the skin (transdermally). prescription drug - ANSWERa medication that must be ordered by a physician or other qualified practitioner. prescribe - ANSWERto order a medication; only physicians and other qualified practitioners can prescribe medications. over-the-counter (OTC) drug - ANSWERa medication that may be purchased and used without a prescription. generic names - ANSWERthe name of a drug that relates to the chemicals in its active ingredients. brand name - ANSWERthe name of a drug used for marketing by the drug's manufacturer.
parental route - ANSWERa route of medication administration that bypasses the digestive system. injection - ANSWERa method of putting medication into the body using a hollow needle. intramuscular - ANSWERa type of injection given in the muscle, usually the upper arm or thigh. intradermal - ANSWERa type of injection given just underneath the outer layer of skin. intravenous (IV) - ANSWERa type of injection given in the muscle, usually the upper arm or thigh. rectal route - ANSWERadministration route in which medication is placed into the rectum through the anus. vaginal route - ANSWERadministration route in which medication is placed into the vagina. ocular route - ANSWERadministration route in which medication is placed in the eye; also called the optic route or ophthalmic route. otic route - ANSWERadministration route in which medication is placed in the ear.
nasal route - ANSWERadministration route in which medication is placed in the nose. inhalation route - ANSWERadministration route in which medication is inhaled through the mouth to reach the lungs. nebulization route - ANSWERadministration route in which medication is aerosolized and breathed in as a mist. aerosolize - ANSWERto break apart into particles small enough to be suspended in the air. nebulizers - ANSWERa machine that can aerosolize liquid medications for inhalation. topical route - ANSWERadministration route in which medication is applied to a body surface; may also be called the cutaneous route. transdermal route - ANSWERadministration route in which a patch is placed on the skin and the medication is delivered slowly and continuously through the skin and into the bloodstream. accumulation - ANSWERin pharmacology, a situation in which medication builds up in the body faster than it can be broken down; can cause unwanted side effects.
