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sex
the biological and anatomical differences distinguishing females from males TERM 2
gender
DEFINITION 2 social expectations about behavior regarded as appropriate for the members of each sex. Gender refers not to the physical attributes distinguishing men and women but to socially formed traits of masculinity and femininity. The study of gender relations has become one of the most important areas of sociology in recent years. TERM 3
gender socialization
DEFINITION 3 the learning of gender roles through social factors such as schooling, the media, and family. TERM 4
social construction of
gender
DEFINITION 4 the learning of gender roles through socialization and interaction with others. TERM 5
patriarchy
DEFINITION 5 the dominance of men over women. All known societies are patriarchal, although there are variations in the degree and nature of the power men exercise, as compared with women. One of the prime objectives of women's movements in modern societies is to combat existing patriarchal institutions.
gender inequality
the inequality between men and women in terms of wealth, income, and status. TERM 7
gender typing
DEFINITION 7 designation of occupations as male or female, with "women's" occupations, such as secretarial and retail positions, having lower status and pay, and men's occupations, such as managerial and professional positions, having higher status and pay. TERM 8
comparable worth
DEFINITION 8 policies that attempt to remedy the gender pay gap by adjusting pay so that those in female-dominated jobs are not paid less for equivalent work. TERM 9
glass ceiling
DEFINITION 9 a promotion barrier that prevents a woman's upward mobility within an organization. TERM 10
glass escalator
DEFINITION 10 the process by which men in traditionally female professions benefit from an unfair rapid rise within an organization.
radical feminism
form of feminist theory that believes that gender inequality is the result of male domination in all aspects of social and economic life. TERM 17
black feminism
DEFINITION 17 a strand of feminist theory that highlights the multiple disadvantages of gender, class, and race that shape the experiences of non-white women. Black feminists reject the idea of a single, unified gender oppression that is experienced evenly by all women and argue that early feminist analysis reflected the specific concerns of white, middle-class women. TERM 18
suffragettes
DEFINITION 18 members of early women's movements who pressed for equal voting rights for women and men.
