class 12 chemistry solution, Lecture notes of Chemistry

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8 Ch- 4, olution —— _oSolu How aso Lanmg Se ren > Mixhws gh tude ase nna i Hon thao — Compournbs. K Min tue SolWwenk: © Horo genius TMratuwe temponen} oh _foln tan + ynitoum dis dstibution a4, wind ddvbobus "Solute Lielb Powticle x > Con ot he _cfepasicrted_by 2 Grenewaliy Saluent Lilkvaton : 4 boxy is Present i Wee id ) amount Not be geen z Physical ‘Stole of, bu natked Oon by micnoscove g a) T Solvent remern hep @ be tenoyenous with Solution ; “ery ayik t colute Component ol Solubon ‘_¢ No whiouten distoribulion af, Paw ticle which -diidlued” in Solus Crenenalbe solute te Present “in es aroun) > Tt |nfe its Physical Sinbe i i © = c 28 . - i ia - .: TH! No. at Mole oh, Bo\wenk = fla « 4 | No. im Mole 0} Golwie = Ng € 4 | Total 00 of, Mole of diol. = Ne tng wt { ——__ 2 NV Mploy mosh pf Solvent = Ma ——__ @ : Molo mos, ol, _dolute = Me _& 3 ——* N Mole jxoction of Solvent = Xa _& Mole facto of Soluke = es & f° h i < Percentage — Concenhuation % | ) : a4 -& it is itnss oh OMe camPonen} — clivid ech Ry lon “Pant € a olution by may ; >. Ae eae gh} “le © c i weigh 4 Weld o> “wlarle oh Bolvte — weight of flute y loo iis i Total weight ¢h Sol, iit ‘ud fury. ob Solute we iH Wa two Weight _hy_ueignt Yo ——— nll _o4 fo vent = weight a, Bolyeut ee Sa Talal yt +-leb ——#+-H9— | | luna oh dolyent Wa u | AAS Tipe a, Balutlon viens 7 7 | U.on the basa}, no. of comp nowt \ 4 Solent + Asolute Bina, Koluto - Howe two Component Wy + Tennaliy Holutian Having Fhiwo Component _ss0 went + 2 Solute WW Quaterrnasy, dolu ion Having foun tompn hen b iselvent a Solvent ai on the basis wh Contenhwation « afatuiated Sol. The Solution whic no moar Solvte tan be AiMoluoal uM] UNSaturinted Solution: The Solution in which fore mmoawe : amount Ah, Soluk Gn ‘be 13sel usa JaUNNUeneneaenqneee ____ Buper Saturated Sol. “The Solution in_whidh Plosxe ammount \ d than Sahuate ted l ol, by heating is collil on pes I Satuncted ba, | | Very flesh ° Cuctdoally \e} than */ iv Dilute fol. The fol. in which Solute 15 com pawotively 7 ] v | cosa laurie Gol, Smlute is Pyesent in Mowe fon Sle amount ‘ weight by s\uine Liitui Wy uh, aolute _ = weight Dl Holy te Pane tota) volume oh Bok | \do\. Wye bb Bolute Wo 10 Saab qNose_is_dMolurd tomate _J00 maf dao tgs ind — the Mash by _Vidumne « bo (wi, — wg = Vso} = joo ML ¢ \ulv'f. 4, dol, iueight oh 4 Alytode x yom 4 Tota\ lve SO), | | | = -S + 100 wee ba ttiyor a 100 ' a a ju he j | 4 _Molanitas ‘ha me : — b. Lola a i ‘s_the -furmben of Biol ah: Bolure dissolved \n_ 4 Vw oh Solution is - No of, Mole any Substanie — (yiven Mass a Molan Moh — - Nw -——- et ] C™> | oo 7 ol! “a “_ im Wa ™ | +" tl. Me x Walks 7 ae i 100 a : mem a xine | - eR yee Me x wala) a Coltulot the molali by al, bp doluton Containing 2.55 af Se ethanoic arid in 14 Bt benzene Cas ne ethanoie pe _ofelu (ui - Wa = 9.69 Wa = 259 CHa 00H ‘men Mpg = bo nha % GAELCYSDESOMATS na tty Dwr Ut 32 aes Mm . We x tooo bo a. ft Mg x wa ud cise sth = iI 7 , p = Mm — 9S ¥ a \o o.Ss | a8 %® ~ i 66 % 3 = ~y ian > - 7 (The onto op dnr_nom | wtompanent to tw intl _nummvey OR Melen ah all Lompnnent Pretend in fre ofa Hon | dolute now mole | - ] | [ power od oa WT v 0. ob Mole, folubrore. | toleutate Mo\owi by a a Sslukon Hastie ie 2.50 ML oF Sol? Koby || Given = we = \da i Nm) = 9sb ML xe) { We= 180 : —a M— Way idv0 = %S ‘rove x YS } 400 2S Max VoL ee t5e- X \O0 fo) } | | | | | i HI Molowi ty = 4 —> Molo olution imolami ty = 2, —> Bimoloy dol. molarity = % —> TynMolon fo | molanitts = 5 > fentamolax ofol. _molaviy = {o — Peca Mola cSol “mplani ty = 4/0. Bemimolan fol. it 4 ation @ DeciMolsr fol. Molonity N j Aho > Cen Molen boli: | bit 3 ‘Modality m) 3 1 3 i! [Melati othe Am bons ah Moles, oh. Holute ____disssolud in La, mM CANT | Molaliny =. No. Solute d Maun ob bolvent Gn a) | : aj a 1 ™M . Ne bitte . mol [kg [mo\ ka —— Watg) ¥ . — Le ( «TF ee — —I- iil a an ] ” | tue Non =folon nate rp ee 3 - 22 | Wates __ Benzne FY | Fthano! Newane il —_|Fthonoie arid Heplane lll ae ee << ——__ Po brir-prctteke i Pola Soluke + Pris solvent High Sclubili pal HON -Polah Solicke | Non- ola Solvent Waly Aolubilisy, = Pdlow Zolur + non-pelax se\yut- ow sSclubsli 4 pI Gb) TémPenatiry ~ (ye ftedal ly Solubility of, Solids |p Lyi Bos, with Min Fempiwalina ‘ecm Foto thenmic unelica s — Yeat weleade [ Temperature Dex + Solubri yD os a) ENdotwimie seatton = Heat wedpesse sequined it: | ; asad Teriseglot Bia? falubiliiy ea peg ggan py ea EB |. — ( —_ @) | —=——_— ye usrich ob “the * imigg 29 unt_guniy kp MEPS tte, Mole — _ a Solubility ee TT qe adolubilijy 1s the ssa amin Af afl dna 4 qa can _dissolus ino given amount oh, Go\wet ata Pauticulax tempesatuse to boxrM a sotuhnated ofoluHouw * The aiiubihiy depend of Solute Soen} Wi wWoky + Bolt => Salt Sol C_) Faetous akfeciny Solubility op Solia_dey_lignid sins n 2 Sugan Sabstion 1 an Hop mL 20-4 Solubi cSyga r Fochous Ale Ging Solubin ~ za Soy Se Bolid— 7 of GOSER me Soa —— = se lute ~ Hab sap Serer =—y ~— 1 Solw it ~~ =| Colwent > ~s _— a | Nature a : he Solu te ° oa and Soweut sea a hoy a5 Snub i. : At F9% \ wileulate oe YW psp ne SO boda waloy urn packed nussiiber LS OM (Oo | “Se Pyomune gt 290% “seer » —— me Sow | ky = Lorn 1a? Pa mo Pa = gain Laim = 1013259, MP = Ol X08 9, “a — i Pp = Wy % Yo > a Lm 25 %\.01K 0° = \WbIK io! Xp 5 > 2 2% oe vals ; ia > H \sbTx \o \e i = > Hoo 28 sete | yebT > | ; Mp = 1Woa\s* > | ’ ‘Ap plication Of Henmbss bow im Y hey : TT 4. Carbonated —Bevenrages (daft donk, Soda) (0, is cudolWed in dink ord Nigh Pwdsuste . when [he bottle 15 ofened pwedl dersende> (by estapes os bubbles | | tt il ee ee ; ik =" ee - a s = ™ | ad (Mathematically, —___—_—— aera ree tet gas ‘Aa’ tad! guard OR? at and__Mole_fryattion “Ke a nl Wye Ppa dou _ — —__ Wye 2 Ry ——— a Wak | _ Pa wl yea eve fect _ nes Bi Pp = Ky xi Xa [ 1) Nee fa = Sautia) Puerburr ol son ‘A Me = Mole yackon gos “A yy = Hensad.s Low Cons tans- ? —_ku_dePend__on_gos GNA -temDencttios Valve of Ky Aex with in temper stare KEK 7 fis the value Oh Mrs fs. mie pathind ah aus Ded mole. J pyaction and Fa sous pete of compan» — in he _foluon 2 Aunwding to_Hiis_\aw, “The Powtial ogous puss Af 2 — — Pail : componedt is dunectly PuoPortonal 4p 4 . Comput Mn Po Sobotiow. FY _—__—— var a - Fr = i Foo _fompanent ‘ Slope =F —_—_—-€ -_ : ae as Ainchol GB) : Paytial veP op Axmole foacHion ab A i! 4 v v 7 Zhang hon of vAP Z2*) (@ P= PRX pcp mnie gation af ifs tacPartiol -Poh'R, Ma =wp oh A in pune hoon fostial Yup ob € Pad My by wutny $ C Fat component ‘pe Powibial VeP op, Alocho} —— 4 Pox}iol N-p of B ¢ mole pacHon ob 'B’ Dinh talc wv : Py Ad sid ‘Sipe = Pf 2 | # . | | eed | Xg—? PB = Passio) ep op ® ¥g= Mole focion Cur) Pha ye ok BM PMR HoHr sie —=¢ |. rT mse topics ot 1. —Nopoun'é powrdunt oj ore elu "oS 21 Ranult's Loy ____ : vse 5. _ patton: ‘blow cise .— A Nomenita) ia | ___ ane = er a ) tse — pacar, Sap dates | Napout Puretbhume is the ertested by siapouy shen it | i$ in equihibssiv) with 4s liquid phage inn closed Contains abo gyven ternpennlat ae ad ae = ee | re NA didi 3 | a a SW CF iii! LL : aa 7 Vapour pousiire Ob oct le e ye o ie ees iowa) 4 (ug Solvent . | 7? vain mar ZI ® => port Mnpous speeds yun Oh SA; | volatile ae ae YT, | oe I a 2_posetd| Nofour poutine 0) 2” | on ‘hes + E4nonol r pai : r : i eae ; cpr ieee i) “> = — . : = po 7 ~~ bh. Partial

a =. a =. — +. = | : ‘Presta ) = ca =a Spb my | > = >. > > a > > > > | Ox.) Murs , om Raoultd. low ypu Aolwton Having flan No lotile solute ‘Actewding to thus lam, Vapus puressun of, a olution havins oe Non—Vnlotile _Golule is: udisiectla Owe ono ting) + fo onale Junction oh ofelyent. gages pep ole ity U olute = F55555 | —— Non- Volatile —> Doe Not evapounate ) Exe afigan, dalt glvente , Nad (alos J : choo I _ Pedra TP, =P X Xe / unt clan! and puxe mesnanc! : ° ; ie | + ail ba Certain SWUM en Hy angi} —_wrespe chi sass —a pana! (gro!) 8G ~————fempenainie — caltulate pene Lae Se recs - = — | “ee ———tPoutial patessune of, Methanol a Pos Hal wep ot etharol ethanol Methanol = i rv i Pethonol = Poinanal % Yethanal Petbano) = QUx 2