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CNIT 180 Exam #3 Questions And Answers
Microsoft's ____ is one of the major Web-based development environments. A) WebSphere B) .NET C) NetSphere D) .WEB - B A user ____ utilizes standard business software, such as Microsoft Word or Microsoft Excel, which has been configured in a specific manner to enhance user productivity. A) application B) configuration C) interface D) interpolation - A Web-based software usually requires additional layers, called ____, to communicate with existing software and legacy systems. A) freeware B) shareware C) middleware D) public domain software - C Oracle Corporation offers a service called ____, which provides e-business applications on a fixed fee basis. A) WebSphere B) .NET C) Business Process Outsourcing D) Oracle On Demand - D The software that a company's IT department makes, builds, and develops is called ____ software. A) in-house B) internal C) external D) indexed - A A ____ measures the time a package takes to process a certain number of transactions. A) newsgroup B) parameter C) benchmark D) default - C A(n) ____ is a firm that delivers a software application, or access to an application, by charging a usage or subscription fee.
A) ASP
B) OSP
C) ISP
D) USP - A
When companies acquire Web-based software as a(n) ____, they can limit in-house involvement to a minimum. A) product B) value-add C) service D) outsource - C Some industry leaders predict that ____ computing will offer an overall online software and data environment supported by supercomputer technology. A) interpolated B) mainframe C) outsourced D) cloud - D A firm that offers outsourcing solutions is called a ____ provider. A) subscription B) software C) service D) resource - C Buyers can customize a software package by ____. A) negotiating directly with the software vendor to make enhancements to meet the buyer's needs by paying for the changes B) purchasing a basic package that vendors will customize to suit the buyer's needs C) purchasing the software and making their own modifications, if this is permissible under the terms of the software license D) all of the above - D ____ is the transfer of information systems development, operation, or maintenance to an outside firm that provides these services, for a fee, on a temporary or long-term basis. A) Outsourcing B) Commission C) Subscription D) External provision - A Building an application in a ____ environment can offer greater benefits, and sometimes greater risks, compared to a traditional environment. A) GUI
The ____ environment enhances interactive experiences, including wikis and blogs, and social networking applications. A) outsourcing B) SaaS C) Web 2. D) Web 3.0 - C Although the traditional model of software acquisition still accounts for more software acquisition, a new model, called ____, is changing the picture dramatically. A) Hardware as a Help B) Software as a Service C) Processing as a Product D) Storage as a Solution - B Some data files should be hidden totally from view, while others should have ____ so users can view, but not change, the data. A) no-access properties B) read-only properties C) full-access properties D) write-only properties - B When companies use a ____, they already know the specific products or service they want and need to obtain price quotations or bids from vendors. A) request for quotation (RFQ) B) net present value (NPV) C) request for proposal (RFP) D) return on investment (ROI) - A Some ____ providers concentrate on specific software applications; others offer resources like order processing and customer billing. A) subscription B) software C) service D) resource - C In addition to configuring software, the IT staff can create a user ____, which includes screens, commands, controls, and features that enable users to interact more effectively with the application. A) montage B) index C) interface D) package - C Many IT ____ offer specialized services that help companies select software packages.
A) proxies B) forums C) consultants D) managers - C Some firms offer ____, which provide powerful Web-based support for transactions such as order processing, billing, and customer relationship management. A) ASP B) IBS C) fixed usage D) fixed-fee transfer - B When determining outsourcing fees, a ____ has a variable fee based on the number of users or workstations that have access to the application. A) fixed fee model B) usage model C) subscription model D) transaction model - C The ____ team must include users, who will participate in the selection process and feel a sense of ownership in the new system. A) prototyping B) evaluation and selection C) JAD D) assessment - B The choice between developing versus purchasing software often is called a ____ decision. A) build or make B) subscription C) transactional D) build or buy - D ____ promotes a broader vision of Software + Services, which refers to the company's strategy for cloud computing -- integrating software applications, platforms, and infrastructure. A) Oracle B) Hewlett-Packard C) IBM D) Microsoft - D ____ reduces the customer's need for software maintenance, operation, and support. A) Hardware as a Help B) Software as a Service C) Processing as a Product D) Storage as a Solution - B
B) cluster C) subscription D) aggregate - A Typically, companies choose in-house software development for all of the following reasons EXCEPT to ____. A) minimize changes in business procedures and policies B) meet constraints of existing systems and existing technology C) develop internal resources and capabilities D) obtain input from other companies who already have implemented the software - D ____ protects privacy rights and shields an organization's proprietary data from theft or unauthorized access. A) Aesthetics B) Interface technology C) Ergonomics D) Output security - D A(n) ____ is a user interface that allows users to interact with graphical objects and pointing devices. A) HCI B) PCI C) UI D) GUI - D A key physical design element is the ____, which describes how users interact with a computer system. A) HCI B) PCI C) UI D) PI - C Interface designers can obtain data, called ____ metrics, by using software that can record and measure user interaction with a system. A) aesthetics B) relationship C) ergonomic D) usability - D ____ is often used by large firms to scan and store images of original documents to provide high- quality records management and archiving. A) POD B) COM C) FBC D) ASCII - B
Printed output is used in ____ documents, which are output documents that are later entered back into the same or another information system. A) detail B) output C) turnaround D) report - C Although the vast majority of reports are designed graphically, some systems still produce one or more ____ reports that use a character set with fixed spacing. A) monospaced B) character-based C) diagrammed D) preset - B A ____ workstation is a network terminal that supports a full-featured user interface, but limits the printing or copying of data, except to certain network resources that can be monitored and controlled more easily. A) command-line B) prescribed C) satellite D) diskless - D If variable input data is needed, provide a(n) ____ that explains what is needed. A) dialog box B) list box C) menu bar D) toggle button - A In ____ prototyping, systems analysts use a prototype to verify user requirements, after which the prototype is discarded and implementation continues. A) system B) command C) design D) layout - C Because every piece of information should be traceable back to the input data that produced it, a(n) ____ trail must be provided that records the source of each data item and when it entered the system. A) audit B) index C) source D) control - A
D) layout - A Some firms use ____ facsimile to allow a customer to request a fax using e-mail, via the company Web site, or by telephone. A) automated B) batched C) turnaround D) digital - A The concept that the quality of the output is only as good as the quality of the input, which sometimes is known as ____, is familiar to IT professionals, who recognize that the best time to avoid problems is when data is entered. A) bad input, bad output (BIBO) B) garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) C) poor start, poor finish (PSPF) D) weak hand, weak hold (WHWH) - B A ____ language feature allows users to type commands or requests in normal text phrases. A) normal B) natural C) standard D) basal - B In most organizations, the ____ department is responsible for output control and security measures. A) IT B) police C) finance D) security - A On a source document, the ____ contains codes, identification information, numbers, and dates that are used for storing completed forms. A) control zone B) heading zone C) totals zone D) authorization zone - A On a source document, the main part of the form, called the ____, usually takes up at least half of the space on the form and contains captions and areas for entering variable data. A) instruction zone B) authorization zone C) body zone D) heading zone - C A reasonableness check is a data validation check that ____.
A) tests data items to verify that they fall between a specified minimum and maximum value B) identifies values that are questionable, but not necessarily wrong C) is performed on two or more fields to ensure that they are consistent or reasonable when considered together D) is used for mandatory data items - B Input ____ are templates that make it easier for users to enter data. A) patterns B) masks C) legends D) keys - B In a ____ design, you create individual components that connect to a higher-level program or process. A) distributed B) dissociated C) modular D) prototypical - C Initial screen designs can be presented to users in the form of a(n) ____, which is a sketch that shows the general screen layout and design. A) storyboard B) turnaround document C) faxback D) output control - A Some forms use a ____ that contains icons or buttons that represent shortcuts for executing common commands. A) menu bar B) toolbar C) dialog box D) toggle bar - B Many physicians feel that ____ software is difficult to use and does not meet their needs. A) HCP B) indexed C) prototypical D) EHR - D ____ describes the relationship between computers and the people who use them to perform business-related tasks. A) HCI B) PCI
A) dialog box B) list box C) text box D) check box - D A(n) ____ produces one or more lines of output for each record processed. A) detail report B) exception report C) summary report D) exigency report - A A combination check is a data validation check that ____. A) tests data items to verify that they fall between a specified minimum and maximum value B) identifies values that are questionable, but not necessarily wrong C) is performed on two or more fields to ensure that they are consistent or reasonable when considered together D) is used for mandatory data items - C Successful completion of system testing is the key to user and management approval, which is why system tests sometimes are called ____. A) implementation tests B) modular tests C) structure tests D) acceptance tests - D In addition to analyzing logic and program code, a project team usually holds a session with users, called a ____ walkthrough, to review the interface with a cross-section of people who will work with the new system and ensure that all the necessary features have been included. A) unit B) design C) testing D) user - B In a structure chart, a curved arrow represents a ____, which indicates that one or more modules are repeated. A) pilot B) flag C) loop D) unit - C A class diagram includes the class ____, which represent the program logic. A) attributes B) events
C) methods D) characters - C In sequence, the four steps typically followed to create a structure chart are ____. A) review the DFDs; identify modules and relationships; add couples, loops, and conditions; analyze the structure chart and the data dictionary B) identify modules and relationships; add couples, loops, and conditions; analyze the structure chart and the data dictionary; review the DFDs C) add couples, loops, and conditions; analyze the structure chart and the data dictionary; review the DFDs; identify modules and relationships D) analyze the structure chart and the data dictionary; review the DFDs; identify modules and relationships; add couples, loops, and conditions - A In a structure chart, a(n) ____ line, which has a diamond on one end, indicates that a control module determines which subordinate modules will be invoked. A) method B) condition C) class D) attribute - B Program documentation ____. A) describes the inputs, outputs, and processing logic for all program modules B) describes a system's functions and how they are implemented C) contains all the information needed for processing and distributing printed output D) consists of instructions and information to users who will interact with the system - A During ____ testing, programmers must test programs that interact with other programs and files individually, before they are integrated into the system. A) unit B) integrated C) link D) outcome - A ____ cutover involves more risk than other changeover methods. A) Direct B) Pilot C) Parallel D) Phased - A As the accompanying figure illustrates, the ____ approach causes the changeover from the old system to the new system to occur immediately when the new system becomes operational. A) phased operation B) parallel operation C) pilot operation
D) CAIT (Center for the Application of Information Technologies) - B A class diagram includes the class ____, which describe the characteristics of objects in the class. A) methods B) keys C) events D) attributes - D Integration testing is sometimes known as ____ testing. A) unit B) modular C) link D) outcome - C Application ____ is the process of constructing the programs and code modules that serves as the building blocks of an information system. A) structuring B) analysis C) development D) connectivity - C Using a ____ strategy, knowledgeable users can be selected who then conduct sessions for others. A) structured walkthrough B) train-the-trainer C) desk checking D) top-down design - B At the end of the systems implementation phase, the final report to management should include ____. A) final versions of all system documentation B) a comparison of actual costs and schedules to the original estimates C) planned modifications and enhancements to the system that have been identified D) all of the above - D The testing of an individual module is called ____ testing. A) modular B) index C) stub D) unit - D The objective of ____ testing is to identify and eliminate execution errors that could cause a program to terminate abnormally, and logic errors that could have been missed during desk checking. A) unit
B) integration C) user D) system - A Many organizations require a more formal type of desk checking called a structured walkthrough, or ____ review. A) design B) integrated C) code D) interpolated - C In a technique called ____ testing, the programmer simulates each program outcome or result and displays a message to indicate whether or not the program executed successfully. A) modular B) stub C) outcome D) unit - B A module that performs a single function or task has a high degree of ____, which is desirable. A) piloting B) indexing C) cohesion D) resolution - C When evaluating a system, which of the following is not necessary for a systems analyst to do? A) Observe users and computer operations personnel working with the new system B) Examine all source documents, output reports, and screen displays C) Use interviews to gather information and opinions from a large number of users D) Read all documentation and training materials - C A ____ consists of related program code organized into small units that are easy to understand and maintain. A) mode B) stub C) decision tree D) module - D As the accompanying figure illustrates, the ____ changeover method involves implementing the complete new system at a selected location of the company. A) phased operation B) parallel operation C) pilot operation D) direct cutover - C
A) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) B) Software Engineering Institute (SEI) C) Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) D) Center for the Application of Information Technologies (CAIT) - D ____ graphically represent the logical rules and interaction between program modules using a series of symbols connected by arrows. A) Training plans B) Acceptance tests C) Flowcharts D) Simulations - C In a(n) ____ approach, the systems analyst documents the system's requirements and then breaks them down into subsystems and modules. A) top-down B) piloted C) indexed D) integrated - A Operations documentation ____. A) describes the inputs, outputs, and processing logic for all program modules B) describes a system's functions and how they are implemented C) contains all the information needed for processing and distributing online and printed output D) consists of instructions and information to users who will interact with the system - C Which of the following are metrics of a successful project ____. a. late completion b. completion with the same personnel as were on the team at the outset c. completion over budget d. delivery of a product that satisfies users - D A project manager's planning _____. a. involves guiding, supervising, and coordinating the project team's workload b. includes monitoring the progress of the project, evaluating results, and taking corrective action when necessary to stay on target c. consists of staffing, which includes selecting the project team and assigning specific tasks to team members d. includes identifying project tasks and estimating completion times and costs - D A project manager's scheduling function _____. a. involves guiding, supervising, and coordinating the project team's workload b. includes monitoring the progress of the project, evaluating results, and taking corrective action when necessary to stay on target
c. involves staffing, which includes selecting the project team and assigning specific tasks to team members d. includes identifying and arranging project tasks and estimating completion times and costs - C For a project manager, monitoring _____. a. requires guiding, supervising, and coordinating the project team's workload b. involves controlling capital c. consists of staffing, which includes selecting the project team and assigning specific tasks to team members d. includes identifying and arranging project tasks and estimating completion times and costs - A For a project manager, reporting _____. a. involves controlling capital b. includes informing management, users, and the project team about the progress of the project c. consists of staffing, which includes selecting the project team and assigning specific tasks to team members d. includes identifying and arranging project tasks and estimating completion times and costs - B Effective project reporting requires ____. a. strong communication skills b. staffing the project team c. creating Gantt charts d. assigning specific tasks to team members - A The accompanying figure shows task ____, which simplify a complex task by combining several activities. a. groups c. aggregates b. clusters d. links - A PERT/CPM is called a(n) ____ technique, because it analyzes a large, complex project as a series of individual tasks. a. top-down c. indexed b. bottom-up d. cataloging - B The first step in the creation of a PERT/CPM chart is to ____. a. determine the logical order of project tasks b. identify the graphical planning aids to use c. identify all the project tasks d. determine the status of all tasks - C Many project managers find ____ charts more helpful for scheduling, monitoring, and controlling projects. a. Gantt c. index
