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CNSC Exam questions accurate solutions, Exams of Nursing

Cheyney University of PennsylvaniaNursing

CNSC Exam questions accurate solutions

Typology: Exams

2025/2026

Available from 05/07/2026

tizian-mwangi
tizian-mwangi 🇺🇸

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CNSC
Exam questions accurate solutions
1.
First
Line
Therapy
for
Hyperkalemia:
calcium
gluconate
2.
Total
Body
Water
Composition:
2/3 Intracellular, 1/3 Extracellular (1/4 intravascular,
3/4
Interstitial)
3.
%
Body
weight
water
(male/female):
60% Male/50%
Female
4.
Respiratory Quotient Definition: Ratio of CO2 production to O2
consumption
5. Hang time for blenderized/reconstituted formula: 4 hours
6.
How often should micro-nutrient assessment be completed in the
long-term
PN patient?: every 6 months
7. Closed system hang time: 24-48 hrs
8.
Open
System
hang
time
(home
vs
hospital):
Home - 12 hours Hospital - 8
hours
9. Max Daily Dose of ILE: 2.5
g/kg/d
10. Minimum ILE to prevent EFAD in infants: 0.5-1
g/kg/day
11. pH of dextrose solutions: acidic 3.5-6.5
12. What factors increase calcium-phosphorus precipitation?:
Warmer temperature
Lower amino acid amounts
Use
of
calcium
chloride
13.
Filter
size
for
2-in-1
forumlations:
0.22 micro
meter
14. What is the smallest pore size you can use for TNA?: 1.22 micro
meter
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa

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1 /

CNSC Exam questions accurate solutions

  1. First Line Therapy for Hyperkalemia: calcium gluconate
  2. Total Body Water Composition: 2/3 Intracellular, 1/3 Extracellular (1/4 intravascular, 3/4 Interstitial)
  3. % Body weight water (male/female): 60% Male/50% Female
  4. Respiratory Quotient Definition: Ratio of CO2 production to O2 consumption
  5. Hang time for blenderized/reconstituted formula: 4 hours
  6. How often should micro-nutrient assessment be completed in the long-term PN patient?: every 6 months
  7. Closed system hang time: 24-48 hrs
  8. Open System hang time (home vs hospital): Home - 12 hours Hospital - 8 hours
  9. Max Daily Dose of ILE: 2.5 g/kg/d
  10. Minimum ILE to prevent EFAD in infants: 0.5-1 g/kg/day
  11. pH of dextrose solutions: acidic 3.5-6.
  12. What factors increase calcium-phosphorus precipitation?: Warmer temperature Lower amino acid amounts Use of calcium chloride
  13. Filter size for 2-in-1 forumlations: 0.22 micro meter
  14. What is the smallest pore size you can use for TNA?: 1.22 micro meter

2 /

  1. What is the size of fat particles?: 0.1-1 micro meter
  2. What is Glycerol?: A sugar alcohol that provides 4.3 kcal/kg; a component of one SCAPN for peripheral use
  3. Amino acid to nitrogen conversion: 6.25 g amino acid = 1 g nitrogen
  4. Which two commercially available AA solutions contain phosphate?: FreeAmine III; Heptamine (10 mmoll/L)
  5. Max infusion rate for ILE infusion: 0.11 g/kg/h
  6. Preferred forms of calcium and magnesium: calcium gluconate and magnesium sulfate
  7. ASPEN recommended changes to trace elements in TPN: Decreased Copper (0.3->0.5 mg/d) Decrease manganese to 55 mcg/d Increase selenium (60- 100 mcg/d) Eliminate chromium or max 1 mcg/d Keep Copper contamination < 0.1 mg/d Cu and 40 mcg/d Mn
  8. Carnitine: a nonessential, nonprotein amino acid made in the body from lysine that helps transport fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane
  9. Iron recommendation for pre-term infants: 2-4 mg/kg/d
  10. Max Osmolality for Infant Formula: 460 mOsm/kg
  11. Max GIR for term infant: 14-18 mg/kg/min
  12. Cysteine dose for neonatal TPN: 30-40 mg/g of AA
  13. Selenium recommendation for term infant PN: 2 mg/kg/d
  14. Beneficence: The fundamental obligation of a healthcare professional to seek the good of

4 / B. logically manipulate information C. appreciate weight and impact of decision D. understand relevant information regarding treatment

  1. Is there an ethical distinction between withdrawing or withholding thera- py?: No
  2. Abandonment: unilateral severance of the professional relationship with the client without adequate notice and while the need for care still exists
  3. Terminal Dehydration: dying patient's condition naturally results in decreased fluid intake (note that data show no correlation between thirst and hydration in this population)
  4. Tort Law: Law that deals with harm to a person or a person's property.
  5. Patient Self-Determination Act: A federal law passed in 1990 that requires hospitals and other health care providers to provide written information to patients regarding their rights under state law to make medical decisions and execute advance directives.
  6. The Troubling Trichotomy: The "Can" Technology The "Should" Ethics The "Must" Law
  7. The 6 dimensions of care: safety, timeliness, ettectiveness, eflciency, equitability, and pa- tient-ceteredness
  8. PDSA Cycle: Plan, Do, Study, Act
  9. Six Sigma: reducing failures of quality until it is no longer cost-ettective to pursue any further reduction; uses the DMAIC Model
  10. DMAIC: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control
  11. How are quality indicators derived?: Divide number of times a measure has been met by the number of opportunities that were present to measure the particular

5 / objective

  1. Grade I Evidence: large RCT with clear cut results, low risk of false positive or negative error
  2. Grade II Evidence: Small RCT with uncertain results; moderate risk of false positive/negative error
  3. Grade III-Evidence: Non-randomized cohort with contemporaneous controls
  4. Grade IV Evidence: Non-randomized cohort with historical controls
  5. Grade V Evidence: case series, uncontrolled studies, expert opinion
  6. Type 1 alpha error: suggests that an early significant ditterence would disappear if more subjects were entered in the trial
  7. Type 2 Beta error: suggests that no ditterence is seen early, but a ditterence would emerge with inclusion of more subjects
  8. Fluid needs based on body weight/age: Age 18-55 - 35 ml/kg Age 56-75 - 30 ml/kg Age > 75 - 25 ml/h
  9. Holliday-Segar Formula adjusted for age: Age 50 years: 1500 mL for first 20 kg body weight + (15 mL x remaining body weight
  10. Serum Osmolality Calculation: 2 x [(Serum Na + serum glucose/18] + (BUN/2.8)]
  11. Corrected Na+: Serum Na + [0.016 x (serum glucose - 100)]
  12. Free water deficit: TBW x [1 - (140/serum Na)]
  13. Retinol to Beta-carotene conversion: once mcg retinol has Vitamin A

7 /

  1. Factors that Delay gastric emptying in EN: large boluses, increased rate, increased fat content, infusion of solution colder than room temperature
  2. How much sorbitol is needed to cause GI distress?: As little as 10- 20 g
  3. How should liquid medications be administered to the small bowel?: These medications should be diluted to avoid hypertonic-induced dumping-like syndrome
  4. How long should tubing/feeding bag systems be changed?: Every 24 hours
  5. Adequate urine output for an adult: 1 ml/kg/h
  6. Kg weight to fluid in liters: 1 kg of weight change = 1 L of fluid
  7. How much should fluid be increased for fever?: 12% per degree celsius above 37.
  8. Osmolarity of dextrose, amino acid, and electrolytes: dextrose = 5 mOsm/g amino acid = 10 mOsm/g electrolytes = 1 mOsm per mEq
  9. What concentration of K+ is suitable via peripheral vein?: < 60 mEq/L and preferable < 40 mEq/L
  10. Phosphorus content of egg phospholipid: 15 mmol/L
  11. ILE guidelines for critically ill: withhold soybean-oil based ILE for the first week; or limit to a max of 100 g during the first week following initiation of PN if pt is at risk for EFAD
  12. Daily electrolyte Requirements in PN (Sodium, Potassium,

8 / Chloride/Ac- etate, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphate): Sodium 1- mEq/kg Potassium 1-2 mEq/kg Chloride/acetate as needed to maintain balance Calcium 10-15 mEq Magnesium 8-20 mEq Phosphate 20-40 mmoll

  1. 1 mmol sodium phosphate =? mEq sodium: 1 mmoll sodium phosphate contains 1.33 mEq sodium
  2. 1 mmol potassium phosphate =? mEq potassium: 1 mmol potassium phosphate = 1.47 mEq potassium
  3. Preferred pH for ILE stability: 6- 9
  4. Factors that increase calcium phosphate solubility: increased amino acid concentration increased dextrose concentration lower pH of the admixture
  5. Factors that decreased calcium phosphate solubility: Increased calcium concentration Increased phosphate concentration (including AA with phosphorus content) Calcium chloride use Increased temperature of admixture
  6. Adult patients at risk for aluminum toxicity: - significant renal dysfunction
  • high intake of PN
  • iron deficiency

10 /

  1. z-score -2 to -1.0: Risk for underweight

11 /

  1. z-score -2 to -3: moderate underweight, moderate malnutrition
  2. z-score < -3: severe underweight, severe malnutrition (wasting)
  3. At what age can you begin using BMI?: Age 2
  4. where is Vitamin C absorbed?: ileum mainly, some jejunum
  5. where is thiamine absorbed?: jejunum
  6. where is niacin absorbed?: stomach and small intestine
  7. where is B12 absorbed?: terminal ileum
  8. where is biotin absorbed?: jejunum
  9. where is iron absorbed?: duodenum and proximal jejunum
  10. where is copper absorbed?: small intestine, primarily duodenum
  11. Term, large for gestational age: > 4500 kg (> 90th percentile)
  12. Term, normal for gestational age: 2500-4499 g
  13. Low birth weight: <2500 g
  14. Very low birth weight: < 1500 g
  15. Extremely low birth weight: < 1000 g
  16. Micronate: < 750 g
  17. Hang-time for breast milk: 4 hours
  18. Upper limited osmolality infant formula?: 460 mOsm/kg
  19. Common causes of regurgitation in infants: Common causes of reflux in children receiving enteral nutrition include rapid administration of enteral formula, delayed gastric emptying, or tube migration into the esophagus
  20. Signs of glucose intolerance in infants: hyperglycemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia