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Question 1. Which protocol is primarily responsible for transferring web pages from a server to a browser? A) FTP B) SMTP C) HTTP D) DNS Answer: C Explanation: HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and how web servers and browsers should respond to various commands. Question 2. In the URL “https://www.example.com:8080/index.html”, what does “8080” represent? A) Subdomain B) Port number C) Path D) Query string Answer: B Explanation: The number after the colon specifies the port on which the server is listening; 8080 is a common alternative HTTP port. Question 3. Which of the following best describes the role of a web browser? A) Stores website files permanently B) Interprets HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to render pages C) Hosts websites on the internet D) Provides DNS services
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Answer: B Explanation: Browsers read the code sent by a server and display the resulting page to the user. Question 4. Which term refers to the collection of interconnected networks that make up the internet? A) Intranet B) LAN C) WAN D) Network of networks Answer: D Explanation: The internet is often described as a “network of networks” because it links many smaller networks worldwide. Question 5. What is the main ethical concern of internet censorship? A) Increased page load speed B) Violation of freedom of expression C) Higher server uptime D) Better SEO rankings Answer: B Explanation: Censorship restricts access to information, potentially infringing on individuals’ right to free speech. Question 6. Which HTML tag defines the document type and ensures standards‑mode rendering? A) ``
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Question 9. Which HTML element is used to create an ordered list? A) B) C) D) Answer: B Explanation: stands for ordered list, automatically numbering its list items. **Question 10.** In a table, which tag defines a header cell that is bold and centered by default? A) B) C) D) Answer: B Explanation: creates a table header cell, which browsers style with bold text and center alignment. Question 11. Which of the following is a valid way to link an external CSS file? A) B) C) D) Answer: B Explanation: The `` tag with rel="stylesheet" references an external stylesheet.
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Question 12. Which selector targets all <p> elements with the class “intro”? A) p.intro B) #intro p C) .intro p D) p#intro Answer: A Explanation: The syntax element.class selects elements of a given type that also have the specified class. Question 13. If two CSS rules conflict, which has higher specificity? A) p { color: blue; } B) .highlight { color: blue; } C) #header { color: blue; } D) body p { color: blue; } Answer: C Explanation: ID selectors (#header) have higher specificity than class or element selectors. Question 14. Which CSS property changes the background colour of an element? A) color B) background-color C) bgcolor D) fill Answer: B
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Answer: C Explanation: creates a block that stretches the full width of its container. **Question 18.** Which pseudo‑class applies when a user hovers the mouse over a link? A) `:active` B) `:focus` C) `:visited` D) `:hover` Answer: D Explanation: `:hover` styles an element while the pointer is over it. **Question 19.** What does the acronym DRY stand for in CSS development? A) Document Ready Yield B) Don't Repeat Yourself C) Dynamic Rendering YAML D) Data Retrieval Yields Answer: B Explanation: DRY encourages reusable code and avoiding duplication. **Question 20.** Which HTML element is used to embed a YouTube video via an external URL? A) B) C)
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D) Answer: C Explanation: creates an inline frame that can display external content such as a YouTube video. Question 21. Which CSS property would you use to smoothly change a button’s background colour on hover? A) transition B) animation C) filter D) transform Answer: A Explanation: transition defines the duration and timing of property changes, enabling smooth effects. Question 22. In Bootstrap, what does the class “col‑md‑ 6 ” specify? A) Six columns on medium‑size screens and larger B) Six rows on medium‑size screens only C) A container width of 6 px D) A margin of 6 rem Answer: A Explanation: “col‑md‑ 6 ” creates a column that spans six of the twelve grid columns on medium (≥ 768 px) devices. Question 23. Which Bootstrap component provides a pre‑styled navigation bar?
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Question 26. Which HTML element is semantically appropriate for a site’s main navigation links? A) B) C) D) Answer: B Explanation: indicates a block of navigation links. **Question 27.** Which CSS property controls the thickness of an element’s border? A) `border-style` B) `border-width` C) `border-color` D) `border-radius` Answer: B Explanation: `border-width` sets the width (thickness) of the border. **Question 28.** Which HTML attribute specifies the language of a document? A) `lang` B) `xml:lang` C) `locale` D) `direction` Answer: A Explanation: The `lang` attribute on indicates the primary language for accessibility tools.
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Question 29. Which tag is required to make a webpage mobile‑friendly using the viewport meta tag? A) B) C) D) Answer: A Explanation: The viewport meta tag tells browsers how to scale the page on different devices. Question 30. Which CSS rule will make all elements bold and red? A) `h1 { font-weight: bold; color: red; }` B) `h1 { font-style: bold; background: red; }` C) `h1 { text-decoration: bold; color: #ff0000; }` D) `h1 { font-weight: 700; background-color: red; }` Answer: A Explanation: `font-weight: bold` makes text bold; `color: red` sets the text colour. **Question 31.** Which attribute on the tag opens the linked page in a new tab? A) target="_blank" B) rel="new" C) href="_blank" D) open="true" Answer: A
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Answer: B Explanation: text-transform: uppercase converts all characters to uppercase. Question 35. Which HTML tag is used to embed an audio file? A) B) C) D) Answer: B Explanation: defines sound content and can contain one or more elements. Question 36. Which attribute makes an `` field required before form submission? A) mandatory B) required C) validate D) need Answer: B Explanation: The required attribute forces the user to fill out the field. Question 37. What does the CSS z-index property affect? A) Horizontal position B) Vertical stacking order of positioned elements C) Font size
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D) Opacity Answer: B Explanation: z-index determines which positioned elements appear on top of others. Question 38. Which HTML element is appropriate for a self‑contained piece of content that could be independently distributed? A) B) C) D) Answer: A Explanation: `` represents a standalone composition that can be reused or syndicated. Question 39. Which CSS function creates a linear gradient from blue to green? A) gradient(linear, blue, green) B) linear-gradient(blue, green) C) linear-gradient(to bottom, blue, green) D) bg-gradient(blue, green) Answer: C Explanation: linear-gradient(to bottom, blue, green) defines a gradient that transitions from blue at the top to green at the bottom. Question 40. Which HTML attribute specifies the alternative text for an image if it fails to load? A) title
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A) margin B) padding C) border-spacing D) gap Answer: B Explanation: Padding creates interior space between the content and the element’s border. Question 44. Which HTML tag is used to define a term and its description within a description list? A) for term, for description B) for term, for description C) for description, for term D) for term, for description Answer: A Explanation: defines the term, and provides its definition within a `` list. Question 45. Which CSS property controls the radius of an element’s rounded corners? A) border-radius B) corner-round C) radius D) border-round Answer: A Explanation: border-radius sets how rounded the corners become.
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Question 46. Which HTML attribute makes a link open in the same tab but replaces the current page’s URL in the browser history? A) target="_self" B) target="_parent" C) target="_top" D) target="_blank" Answer: A Explanation: _self is the default target; it opens the link in the same browsing context. Question 47. Which of the following is a valid CSS color expressed in hexadecimal notation? A) #FF5733 B) #FFF5733 C) #FF573 D) #FF57333 Answer: A Explanation: Hex colors use three or six hexadecimal digits after the #. #FF5733 is a correct six‑digit format. Question 48. In the request/response cycle, which HTTP method is used to retrieve data without side effects? A) POST B) PUT C) GET D) DELETE
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D) Answer: A Explanation: marks the defining instance of a term. Question 52. Which CSS property would you use to change the cursor to a pointer when hovering over a button? A) cursor: hand; B) cursor: pointer; C) cursor: click; D) cursor: default; Answer: B Explanation: cursor: pointer displays the hand icon, indicating a clickable element. Question 53. Which HTML attribute is used to specify the language of the content inside a `
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A) .p-1 B) .m-1 C) .pad-1 D) .spacing-1 Answer: A Explanation: .p-1 sets padding to $spacer * .25 (default 0.25 rem) on all sides. Question 55. Which CSS property defines how flex items are aligned along the cross axis? A) justify-content B) align-items C) flex-direction D) flex-wrap Answer: B Explanation: align-items aligns flex items perpendicular to the main axis. Question 56. Which HTML element should be used for a navigation link that points to the home page? A) Home B) Home C) Home D) Home Answer: A Explanation: `` creates a hyperlink; href="/" points to the site’s root.
