Color
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Understanding the Perception of Color: Properties, Stimuli, and Theories, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Introduction to Psychology
The fundamental attribute of human visual perception, color. It discusses the three properties of color perception - hue, brightness, and saturation - and the color stimulus triad consisting of illuminant spectrum, surface reflectance spectrum, and the spectral sensitivity of the visual system. The document also covers various theories of color perception, including Newton's color experiments and the Trichromatic Theory.
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Color
What is ‘Color’
Color is a fundamental attribute of human visual perception. By fundamental we mean that it is so unique that its meaning cannot be fully appreciated without direct experience. How would you describe color to a person who was blind since birth?
Color Stimulus Triad
- Illuminant Spectrum
- Surface Reflectance Spectrum
- Spectral Sensitivity of the Visual System
Illuminant Emission Spectra
Newtonian Light Spectrum
(ROY G BIV)
Spectra of Some Common Illuminants
10 Incandescent Lamps
Surface Reflectance Spectra
Surface Reflectance Spectra
The Spectral Reflectance Profile is
the basic stimulus for Color Vision
14
Additive vs. Subtractive
Color Mixing
- Color Mixing Demo
Ideal “Yellow” Pigment Ideal “Blue” Pigment Residual “Green” Pigment resulting from mixing Yellow+Blue
Newton’s Color Experiments
Sir Isaac Newton (1643-1727) Color Circle
- Found that light was not “pure” but could be analyzed into separate component that appeared different in color [ROY G BIV]
- Combinations of “spectral colors” gave rise to perceived colors not observed in the spectrum
- “Non-spectral colors” were an emergent property of the human nervous system
- “Color wheel” is one of the first psychological theories in the classic scientific literature
Trichromatic Theory of Color
Thomas Young (1773-1829) Hermann von Helmholtz (1821-1894)
- Color perception emerges from the idiosyncratic discrimination of light wavelength in the retina
- Evidence strongly suggests that the retina must “encode” color based upon more than one type of wavelength- tuned photoreceptor [ Univariance Principle ]
- Additive color matching experiments suggest that three wavelength sensors are required [aka Trichromatic Theory]