Committed Citizens - Community Development - Lecture Slides, Slides of Human Development

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Never doubt that a small group of

thoughtful committed citizens can

change the world: Indeed it's the

only thing that ever has.

Margaret Mead

Community Development

Definition

“The Process of intervention into

existing structures of society,

cultural, economic, political and

conservation goals” Furse, De lacy Birckhead, 1996

Key Principles for Community

Development

• Community Participation
• Empowerment
• Self- determination
• Social Justice
• Advocacy
• Access and Equity
• Human rights

Social Justice

• Fair distribution of resources, power, rights

and opportunities

• 4 Elements
  • Equality
  • Equality of rights
  • Access to essential Services
  • Participation

Powerlessness

Living in Poverty Relatively Low in Hierarchy Low Control/High Demand Chronic Stress Lack of Social Support Lack of Resources Workplace Health Neighborhood Effects Concentrated Disadvantage Lack of Public Services Income Inequities Lack of Social Capital Racial Discrimination

Material Deprivation

Psycho-Social Powerlessness: Lack of Control Over Destiny

Disease

Physical and Social Risk Factors

Minkler and Wallerstein Typology

Community Development

Collaboration and Consensus strategies

Social Action (Alinsky-Model)

Advocacy Strategies

Needs- Based

Strengths- Based Community-Building and Capacity-Building: Power with

Empowerment- Oriented Social Action: Challenging power- over

Community Development- Ideologies

Pluralist theories

• Society is made up of different Groups
• Groups must compete with each other for resources
• Social problems arise due to inequitable distribution of resources
• Answer to social problems is the redistribution of resources in favour of disadvantaged

Community Development- Ideologies

Structuralist

• Competition- over scarce resources at the heart of all social relationships.
• Structural inequality- Inequalities in power built into all social structures. Individuals/ groups benefiting strive to see it maintained.
• Revolution. Changes as a result of conflict between social class' competing interests not through adaptation. It is often abrupt and revolutionary rather than evolutionary.
• War. Even war is a unifier of the societies involved, as well as war may set an end to whole societies.