Common Structures - Database Management Systems - Lecture Slides, Slides of Introduction to Database Management Systems

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Database Management Systems

1

Objectives

• How do users interact with the database?

• What is the difference between a good form

and a bad form?

• What common structures are used in forms?

• What are the main steps used to create

forms?

• Can form usability be improved?

• What are the basic roles of reports?

2

Human Factors Design

• User Control
  • Match user tasks.
  • Application responds to user control & events.
  • User customization
• Consistency
  • Layout, Design & colors
  • Actions
• Clarity
  • Organization
  • Purpose
  • Terminology
• Aesthetics
  • Art to enhance, graphics
  • Sound
    • Feedback
      • Methods
        • Visual
        • Text
        • Audio
      • Uses
        • Acceptance of input
        • Changes to data
        • Completion of tasks
        • Events / Activation
    • Forgiveness
      • Anticipation and correction of errors
      • Confirmation on delete and updates
      • Backup and recovery

4

Standard Form Controls

5

Last Name

City (^) London

Individual Corporate

Animal Interests Bird Cat Dog Reptile

x x

Label Text box

Drop down list

Option or ComboBox Radio button

Check box

User Interface—International

• Language and characters

• Currency

• Time zones

• Time and date formats

• Number formats

• Country names and maps

• National ID numbers—privacy

11

International Attributes

• Language
• Character sets and punctuation

marks

• Sorting
• Data formats
  • Date
  • Time
  • Metric v English
  • Currency symbol and format
  • Separators (decimal,.. .)
  • Phone numbers
    • Separators
    • International code prefix
  • Postal codes
  • National ID Numbers

12

Interface / Accessibility

• Multiple Input Methods
  • Keyboard
  • Mouse
  • Voice
• Multiple Output
  • Visual
  • Sound
  • Color
    • Some Suggestions:
      • Beware of Red/Green.
      • Avoid requiring rapid user

responses.

• Avoid rapid flashing on the

screen.

• Give users customization

options.

• Volume
• Color
• Typefaces & Fonts

14

Tabular Form

• Works best for single table.
• Designer can control data entry

sequence.

• Probably include buttons for

sorting.

16

Sub-Forms

• Typically a one-to-many relationship.
• Subform contents are linked to the main form through a common

column (not displayed on the subform.)

• Can have multiple subforms (Independent or Nested).

18

Switchboard Form

• Blank Form
• Graphics/Picture/Background
• Identify User
• Choose Task.

19

Menus

• Consistency
  • With operating environment
  • Within project
• Pull-down
  • Name, Action
  • Shortcut keys
  • Access keys (&File, File)
  • Breaks/groups (-)
  • Dimmed option
  • Check mark
• Submenus (>)
  • Logical groupings
  • Tradeoff: length v depth
• Form indicator (…)
  • Pop-up
    • Miniature form
    • Tied to location/pointer
    • Right-mouse button
    • Attribute settings
    • Modal (keeps focus) or not

21

Queries

• Queries are used to automatically

look up data.

• e.g., Customer name
• e.g., Product description
• Be very careful when using

queries.

• Each form should store data in only one table.
• For multiple tables, use a subform or separate forms.
• Usually Lock the look up data so it cannot be changed accidentally.

22

Updateable Query

24

Customer Order SaleID^1234 CustomerID^17

Date^ 7/25/

Carly Embry

SaleID CustomerID Sdate 1232 23 7/24/ 1233 74 7/24/ 1234 17 7/25/

CustomerID First Last 15 Connie Fisher 16 Rosie Wade 17 Carly Embry

Sale Customer

Query Join

Data entry Data display

Updateable Query

25

SELECT Sale.SaleID, Sale.SaleDate, Sale.CustomerID, Customer.LastName, Customer.FirstName, Customer.Phone FROM Sale INNER JOIN Customer ON Sale.CustomerID=Customer.CustomerID