Communication Networks
Foundations
Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Edition
Mnoneleli Mno Nogwina
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Communication Networks: Foundations and Models, Lecture notes of Computer Networks
This overview covers communication networks, including network types (pan, lan, can, man, wan), components (nodes, media, intranetwork devices), and topologies (bus, star, ring, mesh). It explains the osi and tcp/ip models, packet switching, and delays. Presented as slides, it's for an introductory course on data communications and computer networks, suitable for business users and students. It offers a foundational understanding of network structure and data transmission. Useful for grasping basic concepts like network types, components, topologies, and communication models. It provides a concise overview of the osi and tcp/ip models and packet switching. Well-suited for newcomers to computer networking seeking a solid understanding of fundamentals and as a quick reference guide.
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Communication Networks
Foundations
Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth Mnoneleli Mno Nogwina
Introduction
Who today has not used a computer network? What computer network have you used? Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Network Types
- (^) Network definitions
- (^) Personal Area Network (PAN)
- (^) Local Area Network (LAN)
- (^) Campus Area Network (CAN)
- (^) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
- (^) Wide Area Network (WAN)
- (^) Internet, Intranet, Extranet Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Network Components
- (^) Node/host / station - any device that can communicate on the network
- (^) Media - cable or wireless
- (^) Intranetwork devices - facilitate connections between nodes (switch)
- (^) Segment - linked together by an intranetwork device
- (^) Backbone - fast link between other segments
- (^) Internetwork devices โ joins separate networks (router)
- (^) Subnets - logical grouping of hosts within a single network Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Protocols
- (^) Rules for exchanging data
- (^) Addressing โ where data should go
- (^) Encapsulation โ how data should be packaged for transmission - (^) Header - (^) Payload Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Clients and Servers
- (^) Clients or workstations are computers on the network that allow users to request shared resources on servers.
- (^) A server provides shared resources on the network and allows clients to access this information Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Clients and Servers
- (^) Advantages of server-based networks
- (^) Performance
- (^) Security
- (^) Administration
- (^) Scalability
- (^) Disadvantages of server-based networks - (^) High cost - (^) Complexity Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Peer-to-Peer Networks
- (^) Machines can be both server and client
- (^) Less reliable and more difficult to secure
- (^) Easy and cheap to set up but difficult to manage and expand Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Network Topologies
- (^) Point-to-point
- (^) One-to-one link
- (^) Physically cabled or switched
- (^) Point-to-multipoint
- (^) One-to-many
- (^) Topology for legacy network products
- (^) On modern networks, saves bandwidth when broadcasting the same content to multiple nodes Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Bus Topology
- (^) Physical bus means all nodes attach to one cable
- (^) Logical bus means that all nodes connected to the same segment receive the same signals
- (^) Multipoint / shared bandwidth
- (^) Limited number of nodes
- (^) Faults cause widespread problems
- (^) Obsolete as a physical topology
- (^) Wi-Fi is an example of a logical bus Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Ring Topology
Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
- (^) Nodes are connected in a ring
- (^) Signal travels from node-to-node around the ring
- (^) Not used on LANs but remains current on WANs (SONET)
Mesh Topology
- (^) Full mesh means that each node is connected to every other node
- (^) n( n-1)/2 to calculate number of links required by โnโ nodes
- (^) Partial mesh more commonly deployed - Fewer physical links required - Nodes relay (route) communications to provide interconnections between all nodes - Provides redundancy and fault tolerance - Architecture of the internet Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
Network Communication Models
Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) model are both models for structuring network communication, but they have different purposes and structures.
OSI Model
Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User's Approach, Eighth
- (^) The OSI model is a conceptual framework that divides network communications functions into seven layers.
- (^) Each with specific responsibilities.
- (^) To facilitate interoperability between different systems and technologies.