Complete Electrostatics notes with solved example, Study notes of Physics

These comprehensive Electrostatics notes are designed for students preparing for Physics exams, competitive entrance tests, and quick chapter revision. The PDF contains clear explanations, important formulas, solved concepts, diagrams, and shortcut methods that help students understand Electrostatics faster and revise efficiently. This study material covers all major topics including Electric Charges, Coulomb’s Law, Electric Field, Electric Potential, Gauss’s Law, Electric Dipoles, Capacitors, Capacitance, and Energy Stored in Capacitors. Important derivations and exam-focused numerical concepts are explained in a simple and organized way for better understanding.

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2025/2026

Available from 05/14/2026

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Cuapree> Evectrostarics 1) Slectyic change ii) Electtic filo iii) Clectuic potentjal \y Gpacioy O Electric chase, ° Memon Noted '? ) St unit = Coulomb (Cc) 2) Bropurties of UrOKg > Friction 3) Nethods of choning FP enducton > FrolucHen 4) Eon thing 5) Gulamb les 4 — 4d y (ke Fe 1 09, = OxIo% , (keV) thts oe ) Tne 7 fo= Pan ae ) [ ke odie dielectsic Umstant Av a / \ 0. AF Detailed Notes of Elechaile change 7 "7H tondomenal. pavtices umsisks of eleeaims ard pactons i) tt a body has equal no of elechions and pHotons ner, # would be n ii) Gano of elecknons 5 gual hay no of. psoteys then, wot bedy beumes heptvely chase mi) qt No ut eleduons ig Les hey tnod body betom’s than 10 of protons “They Ouy oye Mf pete J SI unt = toulamb (6) luc = In’ INC = 103C Ime = foSc Inc = 109C [ote !9 | The snly movable change from oe * boyy +o otret body woeuld be change on an elecuom j protons tan never be Fronsfumed because Fou Hie insielt Ant nucleus © x. & body! goins @ve charge ten sit loser the electens “a8 hove it gains © Te a body gains Ove : ge fo, I gains the electueys Om « tno P-Q ta Find ho of electuons in SC change 4 =ne ge SC SCenx pextoe ngesK 638 xioMee - nz 3l-as xioee- omg = oe P- ao) yy 107 n= Sytoxto'? 16 2k iS suquised 0 gut 0 total change ob ie om odor badly for te charge 5-85 x10" o- aus suguseod (07 —— Is Fa Jotol change «Guts xio't No oh e- potste 109 See (of F26-ASKIO% see [Iyean = 3-16x IO Ise Casxio® 4 f.45x10 —__—— #2198 yous | a AQ KARABAKH EERE AK & & A : tleetuos moue aud of 4 boaly fo anonee body every seumd how much time 09 s * ° ° fo} ° o P--Y'9 How muck @ve ox and Ove Charge is dow iy @ cup of wadoe Assume !> he capauty of the Gp 250mb Imb = 19 m Total no of moles = &SO_ Some = seg 18 Total no ot moleeules molewfes = 25° x 5x0 (8 [MoleuJe Due charge = toe IMoteule Eve Chote = -loe Tol Ove Unuge = 0 Wa toe | Zh MMR BE ee ehh PAPA RRMA ANMAN X) ben Censowvatioy of chasige *-fecouting 4o thi puindple, the net change q a Fystemy alway s samains Umnstant Tnittat Chasige = Anal chasige Vit = tate a RZ Note ‘2 o>) LY Cc) iyedtd “eo 3) Aaaitivity of chewnge 9 Aewsseing 4o this Pioperty the net change =m 4 system is equal 4o the treage is scaler] Seolor sum st att the Changes {net Utd Ft Igo si “AN Change is speed invaciant 2 , hice f change wher a charged beady mors Change is speed Invaxtant the Magnitude of ehaxege decsno ge One J N moves with the speed uemprnoble to speed of Nght However tne rngaiiatle magnitude of mass changes fshen, if moves votth Speed os Compavable to speed of light ™M = _Me — +> Reat mass Irv G Conductioy . * Whey a changed body is beough! in contact ov @ Connected by awise to unt - Sealy or chasegedh Fody then she drans}ew o} chagge Jakes plate ” dye=tontnes poten aiferene Bho two badies! “This phenemenay_is Krom 0S cendactiog Vet Us treo 6 “> @ (ase > CLaentiad size)’ By clejault wang ad wey (ED rf yO Case ~T Cunietencal sige) 9 devivation by © > Qa, 91442) (EL Wt he] Be A Grin) Gre] THs) Plis TF an unarsged tunchasmect body 'P” Jnuched 40 beay ‘o! ult charege “g00" then body‘ P? touched to another body * with change Se Find the Final eng om P.O, and X a2 OO«, 20 i) Able cnet 6. ® © ii) Ais umd choy ot Pond x ~ Pond © . a O--O rae op. - Charge | Pequtta = loss of Change on P= Gite a . aa f75¢] oan fe] crore mxK= ytt =, /ors_- 1S = Chooge oO = $d 2 2. 2 e) = Ordo. = [lo] a t nothen. P21 Baloch crag ayy sith sade ‘sm! J cee wine Fo. Ore @ mn eg Vroo.ue? and sadive om’ Find tne Final changes jon (Unidentical 2 Attn umduetin (uni ) = Sm change W = Gt n =(m+ieo) [ S_ oi Sbare & 20n og ” q W(x) (s >) (Ss) Le = (ODare vo : = INAS 4 30. | 3 Sue Chae of B = Ytds (te = (sy+iee) / 522° 1+¥2 5+ ar 7 C “ = eonged (] Be (leoue] 5 =~ x * ~ ~*~ ——— t . Note :9 Fipbtaes & eiiabiiad the potenHal of hoo bodies always ‘beume same. iy Aur tenduetion, it js not heceessany thed x0 bodies acquisse equal rmagitade + Chase ef but Hy they aise ahoays aguize some nature of charge f fica 1100. 1h) Ayer omduction Hao chaxgeal bedi always supe each thew > Gotept 1 | < of umauction | ) Apply uansenvation of, Changes. ‘9 Ute = art Ate Coton —> Fotentay equat VpaVe aL u! Bb sl 4 YM 5 tno = Gy, Q) Tivo 9 7 ste 2P Fetentiead payetitie ae chnyged 00d held at a aistond of ‘Im’ from ath ctho. (onnersed ‘y nal 0 be attracting encn otha With & foe ef 0-087 N Now thy OU ney oe liad So that chowge flows blew trum whiny the charge How SHeps) thawe on eath s padioe Fepetting “each csp with a fowe of 0004) Find the Initial a8 —> whi both aur obfracting eath ofhoe Ladosaharpesalicly OO rey ‘we = Im = 4. 21 wee ® " © = less +9 7 4, iA BAC ARLOT x Bas xo DB 3 Jp Aitey Gemcluc Hcy ' “790° EOE nt @)> 7 ' Ww We = 3 xy (tr) Ot ) © (Uw +31 O — Abies canduetiory both Hope earn othe. fe kag! =4 ¥ jo00 = iy pug Kye Axe 2 4,-4, )ee i dh. =! U-qie 2 Put mis value $ 4 in 10) [u=27b] 0 (2+) (ve) 3 Wty =3 pe a -l,*3 ipa, ace (Hee qe B- 448475 =° war!) tla) =o. (+3) (-) Vth 7 Jura p Pian bot =]Q497 8 Wy, 7 ® Ineuehons Cohen @ thaved. body brought se unchaged nly @ caged. body f they thou would be se uadistridbution of chasege om uncharged bod “Sy “CTrduesion, never henppens Jos point changes ) FH Conceptual? Can a changed body atfsact uncharged body Ars= Yo, it is possible i} the two bodia ax. placed Closed to each sthey tren pace €xOvg due to ind ucHon a # Lonceptual ‘9 Is ¥ “epelsian | arteoction the may] Pindiple of elresifietion ~ Ans 2 bly though aepulsiena We. con Lusigy both bodieg ag Changed bodies, a (on ceptual ’*? Seuesalexpesiments ove _ Pessonned “me halls and following obs axe made th doe 10 ONG bbs -1 iA Ball -A Sepels Baty t ond anaxacls, Bb . C4 Un) ths-2°9 “pall Daw sacle B and has hes No effect oy) E obs-3:7 A nevi viy chartged, yod attaracks both A and & a me «to bi id. be unchart _ wa be ancy Final the chowgea om Ball - AB, t DE Ke diclectuic Gone ignigia mest fee @” cassia) legor the Value ok “eater would be the Noo} free changes in nat bod and F rn =) 1 Ly q feaHee haould be dhe induetheny¢p fect : “Ket Cais) © K =00( Metals) SPs tatatig> Th is the PP eomenoy in whieh or thmyed body is temnectedfo-ennthy by Oe MeO tlie wire Notela : . FI is Me Spactal tase: q-canduction bim cheged body and all ~Eutth is cows neubral cwurtyny 0 ®ve and bore’ + cheuige Theryose potential of east charg td body to east = [Ones =0 | “Ve #@B KOnet = ko) H alusays’ semains ECT) ever aber connecting, ay 2s “=\g> Rem i + \ +\ y. "+ A , on h i j — €)( 1 oy Dusing eating Crayge may Fransfen fom body 4o ST 6) foot bay Hele’? Aes eitting the poleniiah ch the bely choy. heuand zero Bub Th iS mb a necessary Heh HS girl do ebumbagowe U eee \ ‘ : ‘ become when ede ¢ trea oreent weld) + €o gHund : yo} / - Voowap Vecayt <0 Vay MERIT - / Lied Y= i # They tion + ° i) + —9 Unbow nded Cue (Pee) a chawge C highly otrrack)) [ tora 1? ice U 4 | | ov i is WAR ; | . ] | \ \ _ - a a - — ae, FE Goneephal 2 fy, tle yp melt te tilled begs # ! lovwet ton da peer pts 5 Cutan’ law. Cnges Haan. fa vet 2 ) Gulomb's forte bus too cheges 7 alusays acs along His cenbu, yiey itis & canbdl fore Wt is 0 emswuvative fone ie, WOHK, deme by the tketuostatic fate is independent of path followweal 09 = Wy = Wa= qUp- vi) al L Proving croge =1(%- Ya) (UVES Polen at oat pat pct ond ra pik ate ony dex fo free Cho (No Yo Ie of moving: chases) 1 > Sign will be token, fo all chaages bob db Ib I Ab F \ Wr ee ce | ||P ) te } 1) tig am “Acton ~ action donee F- = -By ~ > ™Q; = -m, 0, . 7 . ; Ou wowd WW) Tt Is PTL dependent saace , doxgoe the valu of diedechric tonstant small be the woulembls Jose bis them oO Coulomb tome du ANY Hee changes is independent op Sueeunding-chosges, Sst ss (outers Slaw in veetoy - ee An nr] MOS FIM 9 — CoRR Lonsiolee tue choviges ‘4, and,’ plod of pest vectors ‘¥ivond ‘va a3 Tepresemted : ~~ Ko | ke ¢ 12 4, A Ra HBA) or bea Fel wan WME Txt Tk +Ik5 0) DPP-¥ 10 & nowy O-S — Fous cron @qual to-@ aw pled ot foun comers of 0 squate and a change 4 is ot Centre 1+4the system is iy ab! the volue st gis ? Fret can ethoct clit to ind FF LimHotion oh Coulmb's:Jouy!-9> Noho : Alvsidy Ae VY Gxlamb's faw js app; Wowakhoct 4 Lo ° mb's [aw J applicable only 500. point chugs: foe jasige sige bodies plated closed + each ofner ‘es Cowlamb's law is not followed. F