Composing Academic Writing, Lecture notes of English

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Reading and

Writing Skills

Quarter 4 – Module 8 :

Composing Academic Writing

ii Reading and Writing Skills Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 4 – Module 8 : Composing Academic Writing First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education – Region IV-A CALABARZON Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Barangay San Isidro Cainta, Rizal 1800 Telefax: 02 - 8682 - 5773/8684-4914/8647- 7487 E-mail Address: [email protected] Development Team of the Module Writers: Emerson T. Armero, Ana Rose I. Colarina Editors: Shiela Niña L. Rea-Santes Reviewers: Cyril E. Sales, Louie Grace G. Margallo, Laila R. Maloles, Jonathan H. Marquez, Jhonathan S. Cadavido Illustrator: Rhodora B. Crisologo Layout Artists: Mark Joseph O. Torres Management Team: Wilfredo E. Cabral, Regional Director Job S. Zape Jr., CLMD Chief Elaine T. Balaogan, Regional ADM Coordinator Daisy Z. Miranda, Doris DJ. Estalilla, Schools Division Superintendents Neil G. Angeles, Elvira B. Catangay, Assistant School Division Superintendent/s Vincent Emmanuel L. Ilagan, Edna F. Hemedez, CID Chief/s Henry P. Contemplacion, Jackie Lou A. Almira, Division EPS/s In Charge of LRMS

Introductory Message

For the facilitator: Welcome to the Reading and Writing Skills 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Composing Academic Writing! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

For the learner: Welcome to the Reading and Writing Skills 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Composing Academic Writing! This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know This^ will give you an idea^ of the skills^ or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. What I Know This part^ includes an^ activity^ that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one. What’s New In^ this^ portion,^ the^ new^ lesson^ will^ be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. What’s More This^ comprises^ activities^ for^ independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. What I Have Learned This^ includes^ questions^ or^ blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. Assessment This is^ a^ task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency. Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the

 Lesson 4 – Project Proposal  Lesson 5 – Position Paper After going through this module, you are expected to:  identify the unique features, parts, and requirements in writing a book review; and  write a book review following the process approach to writing To achieve these, you are expected to do tasks and activities independently which will help you master the above-mentioned competency.

What I Know

Choose the letter that best represents your answer, then write them on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It is a sneak peek of the content of the book that includes relevant description as well as its overall perspective and purpose. A. Book review B. Movie Review C. Newspaper review D. Encyclopedia review
2. The following are the focus of reviewing a book, except: A. Purpose of the Author B. Content of the Book or Novel C. Relevance of the Issues D. Title of the Book or Novel
3. Which of the following parts of a review provides the author’s name, book article’s name, source and their statement? A. Introduction B. Body C. Conclusion D. Synthesis
4. How long should a book review be? A. 50 words C. strictly 500 words C. 500 words or more D. strictly 100 words
5. The following skills are enhanced when one writes a book review, except: A. Describing C. Expressing B. Analyzing D. Assessing
6. What is your best basis in creating titles for a book review? A. Background of the Author C. Book’s Impression B. Book Illustrations D. Book’s Sales and Popularity
7. Which of the following are identified first in writing a book review? A. Author and Title C. Page and Number B. Publication House D. Audience
8. Which of the following is a strong book review title?

A. Hilarious C. Student Reviewer Went Viral B. Five Thumbs Up! D. Millennial Philosophy to the Highest Level

9. Which of the following shows a weak book review title? A. Quite Tough C. A nerve-wracking thriller to date B. She is a rose among thorns D. Pinoy frontliners honored insanely
10. In reviewing fiction books, what elements should be paid with most attention by the reviewer? A. Setting and plot only C. Language and audience B. Setting, plot and characters D. Language and genre
11. Which should be given particular treatment in reviewing nonfiction materials? A. Argument and sources C. Style and diction B. Content and context A. Audience and relevance
12. The following are categorized as fiction, except: A. Poetry C. Novel B. Biography D. Sci-fi
13. Which of the following cannot be classified as nonfiction? A. Fantasy C. Documentary B. History D. Autobiography
14. What do we mean by this book review warning, “Do not give away the story?” A. Avoid distributing the story C. Avoid the story B. Avoid telling the entire story D. Avoid reading the story
15. What should reviewers do first in revising the draft? A. Allowing time to elapse before revising B. Correcting grammatical mistakes and punctuation C. Verifying quotations for accuracy D. Checking the format of the references

Answer the following questions and write them on a sheet of paper:

1. What skills did you apply in the activity?
2. How were you able to come up with responses needed for the activity?

What is It

A book review describes and evaluates a work of fiction or nonfiction and offers the book’s overall purpose, structure, style of narration to the unknown readers. It tells not only what a book is about, but also how successful it is at what it is trying to do. It is a sneak peek at a book, not a summary. As a reviewer, you bring together the two strands of accurate, analytical reading and strong, personal response when you indicate what the book is about and what it meant to readers. Hence, in writing a book review, you combine your skills of describing the content of the pages, analyzing how the book achieved its purpose, and expressing your most personal comments, reactions and suggestions. But before you start writing a book review, you have to read the book first and ask yourself these questions : What are the author’s viewpoint and purpose? What are the author’s main points? What kind of evidence does the author use to prove his or her points? How does this book relate to other books on the same topic? Does the author have the necessary expertise to write the book? What are the most appropriate criteria by which to judge the book? How successful do you think the author was in carrying out the overall purposes of the book? If it is a short review, you may not be able to fulfill your purpose. If it is too long, it may stray too much of the plot or of the content, you may lose the interest of your readers. Take this general guideline: the length of the review depends upon the length of the book itself , and a review should not be less than 100 words. Longer books usually asks for more than 500 words. A book review title should be based on your total impression of a book. Similar to creating passwords, strong titles might be “Drew girl power to new height”, “A night owl that seldom sleeps even during daytime,” “Beautiful illustrations with a story to match,” “Perfect for a weekend getaway” while weak titles are: “State of the art book,” “Five stars,” “A breath of fresh air,” “Fast and furious.” How do you START writing a book review?

1. Identify the book by author, title, and sometimes publishing information.
2. Specify the type of book (for example: fiction, nonfiction, biography, and autobiography). Help your readers to review with perspective.
3. Mention the book’s theme.
4. Include background, if necessary, to enable reader/s to place the book into a specific context.
5. You may also use an interesting quote, an interesting fact, or an explanation of a concept or term.

What do you DO with the content?

1. For nonfiction books like biography, history and the like: pay primary attention to the major points (the argument) the author is putting forth and to the sources the author has drawn upon to back up his/her point of view.
2. For fictional works such as novels, chic lit, graphic novels, manga: Pay attention primarily to the novel or book’s setting, plot, style, characters, theme/s, use of language and voice. Caution: Do not give away the story for no one appreciates a spoiler!
3. Provide your reactions to the book.
4. Describe the book.
5. Respond to the author’s opinions and analyze it.
6. Explore issues the book raises. How do you CONCLUDE?
7. Relate your argument to other books or authors.
8. Relate the book to larger issues.
9. Tie together issues raised in the review.
10. Briefly restate your main points and your thesis statement.
11. Indicate how well the book has achieved its goal, what possibilities are suggested by the book, what the book has left out, how the book compares to others on the subject, what specific points are not convincing, and what personal experiences you’ve had related to the subject. How do you REVISE the draft?
12. Allow time to elapse, at least a day, before starting your revision.
13. Correct grammatical mistakes and punctuation as you find them.
14. Read your paper through again looking for unity, organization and logical development.
15. If necessary, do not hesitate to make major revisions in your draft.
16. Verify quotations for accuracy and check the format and content of references.

What’s More

Following the process in book reviewing, write a rough draft on Dr. Jose Rizal’s novel, Noli Me Tangere. Focus only on the author’s portrayal of the main characters Ibarra, Maria Clara, Sisa, Padre Damaso, and the like.

What I Have Learned

In your own words, write at least five pointers for writing a book review.

4. How long should a book review be? A. 50 words B. strictly 500 words C. 500 words or more D. strictly 100 words
5. The following skills are enhanced when one writes a book review, except : A. Describing B. Expressing C. Analyzing D. Assessing
6. What is your best basis in creating titles for a book review? A. Background of the Author B. Book’s Impression C. Book Illustrations D. Book’s Sales and Popularity
7. Which of the following are identified first in writing a book review? A. Author and Title B. Page and Number C. Publication House D. Audience
8. Which of the following is a strong book review title? A. Hilarious B. Student Reviewer Went Viral C. Five Thumbs Up! D. Millennial Philosophy to the Highest Level
9. Which of the following shows a weak book review title? A. Quite Tough B. A nerve-wracking thriller to date C. She is a rose among thorns D. Pinoy frontliners honored insanely
10. In reviewing fiction books, what elements should be paid with most attention by the reviewer? A. Setting and plot only B. Language and audience C. Setting, plot and characters D. Language and genre
11. Which should be given particular treatment in reviewing nonfiction materials? A. Argument and sources B. Style and diction C. Content and context D. Audience and relevance
12. The following are categorized as fiction, except : A. Poetry B. Novel C. Biography D. Sci-fi
13. Which of the following cannot be classified as nonfiction? A. Fantasy B. Documentary C. History D. Autobiography
14. What do we mean by this book review warning, “Do not give away the story?” A. Avoid distributing the story B. Avoid the story C. Avoid telling the entire story D. Avoid reading the story
15. What should reviewers do first in revising the draft? A. Checking the format of the references B. Correcting grammatical mistakes and punctuation C. Verifying quotations for accuracy D. Allowing time to elapse before revising

What I Know

A 1.

D 2.

A 3.

B 4.

D 5.

C 6.

A 7.

D 8.

A 9.

B 10.

A 11.

B 12.

A 13.

B 14.

A 15.

What’s New (Answer may vary) What I Have Learned (Answer may vary) What I Can Do (Answer may vary) Assessment D 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. Additional Activities (Answer may vary)

Additional Activities

Analyze a book review to be given by your teacher. Examine how it was written using the process which you learned from the lesson. Comment on the good points and bad points of the book review. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Answer Key

Answer Key

Notes to the Teacher You may choose to provide your learners with strand- specific book review sample.

9. Relational words and phrases are used in writing the literature to achieve ______ A. Coherence B. Cohesion C. Inference D. Reference
10. What literature review strategy should be applied when you state the arguments and main points of the research? A. Summary B. Synthesis C. Analysis D. Evaluation
11. This is a literature review strategy that combines ideas in order to form an integrated theory or system through critical evaluation. A. Summary B. Synthesis C. Analysis D. Evaluation
12. When one closely examines the elements or structure of the research, it is called _______. A. Summary B. Synthesis C. Analysis D. Evaluation
13. This is a literature review strategy that assesses the research based on criteria that you chose. A. Summary B. Synthesis C. Analysis D. Evaluation
14. It is a literature review is simply a summary of what existing scholarship knows about a particular topic. A. Book Review B. Article Critique C. Literature Review D. Book Report
15. The following are sources for a good literature review, except: A. Databases B. Websites C. Textbooks D. All of the Above

Lesson

Literature Review

Literature review is one of the components of the research process. Aside from that, a student researcher like you should have the ability to determine what you should read and include in your study.

What’s In

In the previous lesson, you were introduced with the process of writing a book review. However, in this lesson you will be required to read a lot and learn how to write a literature review faithfully following a few guidelines and an attached rubric.

What’s New

List down the sources that you used in your Grade 10 Science Investigatory Project. Separate the sources taken from databases, websites, or textbooks.

What is It

A literature review (LR) is a type of academic essay that examines what has already been written about a topic. As a collection of published research about your topic by recognized scholars and researchers, it is a way for you to examine also what has already been done in regard to your research question or problem. Likewise, it summarizes and synthesizes the conducted research driven by guiding principles. Although, it is not a research paper, it provides background for your problem and a rationale for your research (Abadiano 2016, 51-52). Literature reviews consist of the following components and its purposes:  Introduction o Defines the topic and the scope being considered o Notes intentional exclusions o States the general findings of the review and the availability of the sources  Main Body o Organizes the evaluation of the sources whether chronologically or thematically o Showcases the critical summary and evaluation of the research’s premise, methodology, and conclusion o Uses grammatical connectors, relational words or phrases and transitional devices  Conclusion o Summarizes the key findings of the review o Offers the reviewer’s justification of the conducted research  References o Reflects the in-text citations o Contains complete and correct citations Here are four literature review strategies: Summary State briefly the argument and main points of relevant research Synthesis Combine ideas in order to form an integrated theory or system through critical evaluation, compare/contrast, etc. Analysis Evaluation

What I Have Learned

1. The basic parts of a literature review are: _______________.
2. The four literature review strategies are: ____________.

What I Can Do

Improve the literature review that you have evaluated in What’s More. Please refer to the previous rubric for your guidance. Don’t forget to include the output in your portfolio.

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following does not describe the nature and purpose of a literature review? A. It attempts to develop a new argument. B. It synthesizes and evaluates the relevant scholarly paper on a topic. C. It contains some of the major concerns and debates within a discipline. D. It is a type of an academic essay.
2. Why should students write a literature review? A. to show knowledge of the topic B. to keep current or abreast with the times C. to serve as stepping stone for further research D. all of the above
3. This system provides a means of identification for managing information on digital networks A. AOI B. FOI C. DOI D. FTI
4. Which of the following does not describe the literature review accurately? A. It is a summary of existing literature B. It is a synthesis of the arguments of others C. It is a critical or analytical account of a finished research D. It is an account of a selection of writing relevant to your work
5. This part of a literature review defines the topic and the scope being considered A. Introduction B. Main Body C. Conclusion D. References
6. It offers the reviewer’s justification of the conducted research A. Introduction B. Main Body C. Conclusion D. References

7. Which part is the organization of the evaluation of sources chronologically? A. Introduction B. Main Body C. Conclusion D. References
8. This is the part that accurately contains in-text citations A. Introduction B. Main Body C. Conclusion D. References
9. Relational words and phrases are used in writing the literature to achieve ______ A. Coherence B. Cohesion C. Inference D. Reference
10. What literature review strategy should be applied when you state the arguments and main points of the research? A. Analysis B. Evaluation C. Summary D. Synthesis
11. This is a literature review strategy that combines ideas in order to form an integrated theory or system through critical evaluation. A. Analysis B. Evaluation C. Summary D. Synthesis
12. When one closely examines the elements or structure of the research is called ____________. A. Analysis B. Evaluation C. Summary D. Synthesis
13. This is a literature review strategy that assesses the research based on the criteria that you chose. A. Analysis B. Evaluation C. Summary D. Synthesis
14. It is a literature review is simply a summary of what existing scholarship knows about a particular topic A. Book Review B. Article Critique C. Literature Review D. Book Report
15. The following are sources for a good literature review, except: A. Databases B. Websites C. Textbooks D. All of the Above

Additional Activities

Write a literature review on the topic of your choice (like Facebook Page Netiquette, Cyberbullying in Your School, Courtship among Millennials, etc.). Please refer to the rubric in What’s More.