Download Computer Competency Study Guide: A Comprehensive Guide to Computer Hardware Components and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
Computer Competency Study
Guide/Computer Competency Test
Preparation Workshop—Written Test Study
Guide copyright Germanna Community
College.
The II!five II!primary II!components II!of II!a II!computer II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Input II!devices, II!Output II!devices, II!Central II!Processing II!Unit II!or II!CPU, II!Memory, II!and II!Storage II!devices. II!Input II!Devices II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Any II!hardware II!component II!that II!allows II!a II!user II!to II!enter II!data II!or II!instructions II!into II!a II!computer. II!Six II!commonly II!used II!are II!the II!keyboard, II!mouse,II!microphone, II!scanner, II!digital II!camera II!and II!PC II!camera. II!Keyboard II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Contains II!keys II!that II!allow II!a II!user II!to II!enter II!data II!and II!instructions II!into II!a II!computer. II!Mouse II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!A II!small II!handheld II!device II!that II!controls II!the II!movement II!of II!a II!symbol II!on II!the II!screen II!called II!a II!pointer. II!With II!it, II!you II!can II!make II!choices, II!initiate II!a II!process II!and II!select II!objects. II!Microphone II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Allows II!a II!user II!to II!speak II!to II!the II!computer II!to II!enter II!data II!and II!instructions II!into II!the II!computer. II!Scanner II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Reads II!printed II!text II!and II!pictures II!and II!then II!translates II!the II!results II!into II!a II!form II!the II!computer II!can II!use. II!Digital II!camera II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Allows II!a II!user II!to II!take II!pictures II!and II!transfer II!the II!photographed II!image II!to II!the II!computer, II!instead II!of II!storing II!on II!traditional II!film.
II!PC II!camera II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Allows II!the II!users II!to II!have II!video II!telephone II!or II!conference II!calls II!- II!where II!the II!participants II!can II!see II!each II!other II!while II!communicating. II!Output II!Devices II!- II! II!CorrectII!Answers II! II! II! II!Any II!hardware II!component II!that II!can II!convey II!information II!to II!a II!user. II!Three II!commonly II!used II!are II!a II!printer, II!a II!monitor II!and II!speakers. II!Printer II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Produces II!text II!and II!graphics II!on II!a II!physical II!medium II!such II!as II!paper II!or II!a II!transparency. II!This II!physical II!format II!is II!also II!referred II!to II!as II!a II!hard II!copy. II!The II!resolution II!is II!measured II!in II!DPIs. II!Monitor II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Looks II!like II!a II!small II!television II!screen, II!displays II!text, II!graphics, II!and II!video II!information. II!The II!viewable II!size II!is II!the II!diagonal II!measurement II!of II!the II!actual II!viewing II!area. II!Speakers II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Allow II!the II!user II!to II!hear II!music, II!voice, II!and II!other II!sounds II!generated II!by II!the II!computer. II!Serial II!port II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!The II!interface II!that II!connects II!devices II!to II!the II!system II!unit II!by II!transmitting II!data II!one II!bit II!at II!a II!time. II!Mainly II!used II!for II!devices II!that II!do II!not II!require II!fast II!data II!transmission II!rates, II!such II!as II!a II!mouse, II!keyboard,or II!modem. II!Universal II!serial II!bus II!(USB) II!port II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Can II!connect II!up II!to II! 127 II!different II!peripheral II!devices II!with II!a II!single II!connector II!type. II!Analog II!signals II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!The II!telephone II!system II!uses II!continuously-variable II!signals; II!they II!work II!over II!a II!continuous II!range II!(like II!the II!sound II!that II!comes II!from II!speakers). II!Digital II!signals II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Your II!PC II!moves II!and II!stores II!data II!as II!these II!signals II!using II!a II!series II!of II!1's II!and II!0's. II!This II!data II!is II!either II!on II!(1) II!or II!off(0) II!at II!any II!given II!time; II!never II!any II!in-between II!value.
II!Hard II!disk II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Consists II!of II!one II!or II!more II!rigid II!metal II!platters II!that II!allow II!data II!to II!be II!recorded II!magnetically II!on II!the II!surface II!of II!the II!platters. II!Although II!some II!hard II!disks II!are II!available II!in II!a II!portable II!cartridge II!form, II!most II!are II!not II!removable.Like II!floppy II!disks II!the II!data II!is II!recorded II!on II!a II!series II!of II!tracks II!and II!the II!tracks II!are II!divided II!into II!sectors II!when II!the II!disk II!is II!formatted.Storage II!capacities II!of II!internally II!mounted II!hard II!disks II!for II!PCs II!range II!from II!one II!billion II!characters II!to II!more II!than II!seventy-five II!billion II!characters. II!One II!billion II!bytes II!are II!called II!a II!gigabyte II!(GB). II!Typical II!hard II!disk II!sizes II!range II!from II! 10 II!GB II!to II! 250 II!GB II!or II!more. II!A II!"head II!crash" II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Can II!occur II!when II!a II!read/write II!head II!becomes II!misaligned, II!if II!the II!disk II!wobbles, II!or II!if II!the II!head II!runs II!into II!a II!stray II!bit II!of II!dust. II!A II!compact II!disk II!(CD) II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Is II!a II!flat, II!round, II!portable, II!metal II!storage II!medium. II!Compact II!discs II!are II!available II!in II!a II!variety II!of II!forms II!including II!CD-ROMs, II!CD-Rs, II!and II!CD-RWs,. II!DVDs II!(DVD-ROMs, II!DVD-Rs, II!DVD+Rs, II!DVD-RWs II!etc) II!are II!similar II!in II!form, II!but II!hold II!far II!more II!data. II!A II!CD- ROM, II!or II!compact II!disc II!read-only II!memory, II!is II!a II!compact II!disc II!that II!uses II!the II!same II!laser II!technology II!as II!audio II!CDsII!for II!recording II!music. II!In II!addition II!to II!audio, II!a II!CD-ROM II!can II!contain II!text, II!graphics, II!and II!video. II!You II!can II!only II!read II!the II!contents II!of II!these II!discs; II!you II!cannot II!erase II!or II!modify II!the II!contents.A II!typical II!CD-ROM II!holds II!about II! 650 II!MB II!of II!data. II!This II!is II!about II! 450 II!times II!more II!than II!can II!be II!stored II!on II!a II!floppy II!disk. II!A II!CD-R II!(compact II!disc-recordable) II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Is II!a II!multisession II!compact II!disc II!onto II!which II!you II!can II!record II!you II!own II!data, II!such II!as II!text, II!graphics, II!and II!audio. II!A II!CD-RW II!(compact II!disc-rewritable) II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Is II!an II!erasable II!disc II!you II!can II!write II!on II!multiple II!times. II!With II!CD-RWs, II!the II!disc II!acts II!like II!a II!floppy II!or II!hard II!disk II!allowing II!you II!to II!write II!and II!rewrite II!data II!onto II!to II!it II!multiple II!times. II!Note: II!CDRW II!technology II!allows II!you II!to II!record II!data II!on II!special II!optical II!disksII!- II!but II!many II!standard II!CD-ROM II!drives II!cannot II!read II!the II!data II!stored II!on II!these II!writable II!disks. II!DVD-ROMs II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!To II!meet II!the II!tremendous II!storage II!requirements, II!some II!software II!companies II!have II!moved II!from II!CD-ROMs II!to II!the II!larger II!DVD-ROM II!format II!- II!a II!technology II!that II!can II!be II!used II!to II!store II!large II!amounts II!of II!text II!and II!even II!videos. II!A II!DVDROM II!(digital II!video II!disc-ROM) II!is II!a II!very
II!high II!capacity II!compact II!disc II!capable II!of II!storing II!from II!4.7 II!GB II!to II! 17 II!GB II!of II!data. II!DVDs II!are II!also II!available II!as II!Recordable II!(DVD-R, II!DVD+R) II!and II!Rewritable II!(DVD-RW, II!DVD+RW). II!Zip II!disk II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Is II!a II!higher II!capacity II!disk II!that II!can II!store II!the II!equivalent II!of II!up II!to II! 170 II!standard II!floppy II!disks. II!For II!backup II!purposes, II!good II!choices II!of II!media II!for II!home II!users II!are II!higher- capacity II!Zip II!Disks, II!CD-Rs, II!or II!DVD-Rs. II!Network II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Is II!a II!collection II!of II!computers II!and II!devices II!connected II!via II!communications II!media II!and II!devices II!such II!as II!cables, II!telephone II!lines, II!modems II!or II!other II!means. II!A II!network II!that II!connects II!computers II!in II!a II!limited II!geographic II!area II!is II!called II!a II!local II!area II!network II!(LAN). II!A II!network II!that II!covers II!a II!large II!geographical II!area II!is II!called II!a II!wide II!area II!network II!(WAN). II!Internet II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!The II!world's II!largest II!network II!is II!the II!Internet. II!The II!Internet II!is II!a II!worldwide II!collection II!of II!networks II!that II!link II!businesses, II!government II!agencies, II!educational II!institutions II!and II!individuals. II!Most II!users II!connect II!to II!the II!Internet II!one II!of II!two II!ways: II!through II!an II!Internet II!service II!provider II!or II!an II!Online II!service II!provider. II!An II!Internet II!service II!provider II!(ISP) II!is II!a II!business II!that II!has II!a II!permanent II!Internet II!connection II!and II!provides II!temporary II!connections II!to II!individuals II!and II!companies II!for II!free II!or II!for II!a II!fee. II!Like II!an II!ISP, II!an II!Online II!service II!provider II!(OSP) II!provides II!Internet II!access, II!but II!also II!provides II!a II!variety II!of II!other II!specialized II!content II!and II!services. II!A II!typical II!Internet II!connection II!consists II!of II!a II!computer, II!a II!phone II!line, II!a II!modem, II!and II!ISP II!or II!OSP II!and II!communications II!software. II!An II!increasing II!number II!of II!ISPs II!deliver II!"broadband" II!(high-speed) II!Internet II!connectivity II!via II!digital II!cable, II!DSL, II!or II!Fiber II!Optic II!service. II!These II!types II!of II!high-speed, II!always-on II!Internet II!connections II!can II!be II!far II!faster II!than II!dialup. II!One II!of II!the II!most II!popular II!segments II!of II!the II!Internet II!is II!the II!World II!Wide II!Web II!(also II!called II!the II!Web), II!which II!contains II!billions II!of II!documents II!called II!Web II!pages. II!A II!Web II!site II!is II!a II!related II!collection II!of II!Web II!pages. II!You II!can II!access II!and II!view II!Web II!pages II!using II!a II!software II!program II!called II!a II!Web II!browser. II!A II!Web II!page II!has II!a II!unique II!address, II!called II!a II!Uniform II!Resource II!Locator II!(URL). II!A II!browser II!retrieves II!a II!Web II!page II!by II!using II!its II!URL, II!or II!web II!address. II!Web II!page II!URLs II!begin II!with II!http://. II!The II!http II!stands II!for II!HyperText II!Transfer II!Protocol, II!which II!is II!the II!communications II!standard II!used II!to II!transfer II!pages II!to II!the II!Web. II!Web II!pages II!are II!stored II!and II!retrieved II!upon II!request II!by II!Web II!servers. II!Netiquette II!- II! II!Correct II!Answers II! II! II! II!Is II!short II!for II!Internet II!etiquette, II!is II!the II!code II!of II!acceptable II!behaviors II!users II!should II!follow II!while II!online.
